一、純電動汽車容易自燃嗎
純電動汽車不易自燃(ran)爆炸。雖然近年來不斷有各種(zhong)新(xin)聞報道某(mou)品牌(pai)新(xin)能源電動汽(qi)(qi)車自燃(ran),但(dan)根(gen)據國家監管平臺(tai)安全監管數據顯(xian)示,近兩(liang)年新(xin)能源汽(qi)(qi)車起(qi)火(huo)事故(gu)的概率(lv)僅為0.000026%,而傳(chuan)統燃(ran)油車的起(qi)火(huo)事故(gu)概率(lv)為0.0001-0.0002%。
由此可見,新(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電動汽車起(qi)火的概率(lv)還是比(bi)較(jiao)小(xiao)的。目前,我國新(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)汽車保有量已超過(guo)1000萬輛(liang),但(dan)無故發生自燃事故的新(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)汽車屈指(zhi)可數。
當然(ran),新能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)不易自(zi)(zi)燃(ran)并不代表車(che)輛不會自(zi)(zi)燃(ran)。純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)自(zi)(zi)燃(ran)基本源于動(dong)(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。起火(huo)事故的原因(yin)中(zhong),動(dong)(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)自(zi)(zi)燃(ran)占比為31%。快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi),導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性不好的鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容易產生大(da)量(liang)熱量(liang),溫度(du)急(ji)劇(ju)升高,導(dao)致(zhi)熱失控。汽(qi)車(che)在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中(zhong)發(fa)生自(zi)(zi)燃(ran),也有可能是車(che)主(zhu)操(cao)作不當引發(fa)。車(che)輛的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控系統出現故障(zhang),或者電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組發(fa)生碰撞、變形,導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部元器件損壞及正(zheng)負極短路,純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)仍然(ran)存在(zai)自(zi)(zi)燃(ran)爆炸的風險(xian)。所以大(da)家在(zai)使用純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)汽(qi)車(che)的時(shi)候要(yao)注(zhu)意防范。
二、電動汽車如何防自燃
1、一定要定期給(gei)電池進行保養。
2、給汽車充電的(de)時(shi)候,一定要(yao)確認汽車周圍的(de)環(huan)境是安(an)全的(de),沒有易燃易爆的(de)物(wu)品。
3、汽車充電(dian)的時候一(yi)定(ding)要用標準的充電(dian)頭,避免長(chang)時間充電(dian)。
4、炎熱的夏季最好將電(dian)動汽車停在通(tong)風陰涼的地方,盡可能避免長(chang)時間陽光曝曬。
5、一(yi)定要避免車輛電池(chi)組碰撞的發生。
6、避免長時(shi)間駕(jia)駛,長時(shi)間駕(jia)駛會導致電(dian)池(chi)負(fu)荷增大,適(shi)時(shi)在服(fu)務區休息(xi)讓電(dian)池(chi)降溫。
三、純電動汽車發生自燃怎么處理
1、發現車(che)(che)輛(liang)著(zhu)火,如能切(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)源(yuan),必須(xu)立即切(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)源(yuan),并將鑰匙(chi)放在信號屏(ping)蔽的(de)地方(fang),最好放置到距(ju)離車(che)(che)輛(liang)10米(mi)以外的(de)地方(fang)。電(dian)動汽車(che)(che)一(yi)旦脫離鑰匙(chi),會自(zi)動斷(duan)電(dian)鎖車(che)(che),降低(di)了電(dian)氣(qi)系統(tong)帶(dai)電(dian)引(yin)發故障的(de)可能。
2、動力電(dian)池(chi)著火(huo)后(hou)很難撲滅,因為(wei)大部分動力電(dian)池(chi)都是鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi),可(ke)能需要24小時(shi)才能撲滅火(huo)情(qing)。如果冒煙,證明(ming)電(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部溫度(du)仍(reng)然(ran)很高,隨時(shi)可(ke)能有復燃的情(qing)況,此時(shi)一定(ding)要密切關注電(dian)池(chi)情(qing)況,并及時(shi)致電(dian)消防(fang)部門,以(yi)便消防(fang)部門盡快撲滅火(huo)災(zai)。
3、車(che)輛著(zhu)火(huo)時,盡快遠離(li)車(che)輛,注意防止(zhi)高溫和有(you)毒氣體,因為動力電(dian)池一旦著(zhu)火(huo),會發生彎曲(qu)、變形、損壞,并(bing)伴有(you)大量(liang)有(you)毒氣體,如氰化氫、氟化氫等,此(ci)時一定要注意自身安全。
4、行駛中如(ru)(ru)發生碰撞、自燃,應盡快切斷電源并(bing)離開車輛。如(ru)(ru)果車門變形打不(bu)開,可用(yong)車內可用(yong)的東西砸碎車窗玻璃,從車窗逃生。