無錫市白云觀位于無錫惠(hui)山三茅(mao)峰(feng)北麓的(de)景點“石門”,傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)為明(ming)朝禮部尚(shang)書邵(shao)寶的(de)藏寶之所,故有“若(ruo)要(yao)石門開,要(yao)等邵(shao)寶來”的(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)。至今保存著大量道(dao)教文(wen)化的(de)歷史(shi)遺存。
據考(kao)證,歷(li)史上(shang)(shang),從“石(shi)(shi)門下”上(shang)(shang)山(shan),隨“七十(shi)二(er)搖車灣(wan)”拾級而上(shang)(shang),分布著14個道(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)景(jing)觀(guan)點,形成了以“白云(yun)(yun)觀(guan)”為(wei)核心,以“七十(shi)二(er)搖車灣(wan)”為(wei)軸(zhou)心而聞(wen)(wen)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)群。據碑文(wen)記載,“白云(yun)(yun)觀(guan)”原名“迎(ying)祥觀(guan)”,又名“紫微宮”,初建(jian)(jian)于東晉(jin),至唐(tang)朝被毀,直至明(ming)朝萬歷(li)天(tian)啟(qi)年間,因唐(tang)朝八仙(xian)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呂洞(dong)(dong)賓(道(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)全真派五祖師之一)曾在石(shi)(shi)門旁一洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)修(xiu)煉過,故刻(ke)呂純陽石(shi)(shi)像一座,供(gong)奉于洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)(現仍在),該洞(dong)(dong)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)“白云(yun)(yun)觀(guan)”,香火不(bu)絕,旁邊建(jian)(jian)一殿(dian)宇(yu)稱(cheng)(cheng)“紫微宮”,于今已有(you)(you)600多年歷(li)史。在“文(wen)革”中未(wei)遭毀損的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“三(san)茅殿(dian)”與句(ju)容(rong)茅山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“三(san)茅殿(dian)”同建(jian)(jian)同名。考(kao)證表(biao)明(ming),原有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)殿(dian)堂都(dou)建(jian)(jian)于明(ming)、清(qing)時(shi)代。這里,除了在歷(li)史上(shang)(shang)是蘇南地區(qu)較集中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聞(wen)(wen)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)活動場(chang)所之外,還有(you)(you)著深厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)化(hua)底蘊。現存乾(qian)隆26年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碑刻(ke),摩崖石(shi)(shi)刻(ke)“石(shi)(shi)門”,“白云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)(dong)”內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“此鄉可樂(le)”、“張仙(xian)殿(dian)”原址(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“水濂飛瀑(pu)”等(deng),此外還有(you)(you)“隱風石(shi)(shi)”,“出(chu)橋石(shi)(shi)”、“棋(qi)盤石(shi)(shi)”、“仙(xian)人腳”等(deng)景(jing)點,每(mei)處都(dou)有(you)(you)美麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳說。
黨的(de)十(shi)一屆三中全會后(hou)(hou),無錫市委、市政(zheng)府積極落實黨的(de)宗教政(zheng)策,這里的(de)道(dao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)景點也(ye)開始了(le)修復和利用。上世紀九十(shi)年代初,開始對“白(bai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)洞”局部(bu)修復,以后(hou)(hou)又(you)建造(zao)(zao)了(le)“斗姥殿(dian)(dian)”、“財神堂”及茶室(shi)、小買(mai)賣部(bu)和食堂等配套用房,2003年5月,“白(bai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”道(dao)眾又(you)將小買(mai)賣部(bu)改(gai)建成(cheng)“文(wen)昌閣”;2004年又(you)鑄1.8米(mi)高(gao)的(de)呂祖銅像一座(zuo),在“白(bai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)洞”前新建了(le)“純陽(yang)殿(dian)(dian)”,同(tong)時又(you)對“白(bai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)洞”進行(xing)了(le)保護性改(gai)建,并對原“財神殿(dian)(dian)”進行(xing)了(le)徹底改(gai)建等,使“白(bai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”總建筑(zhu)面積達(da)到900平(ping)方米(mi)左右,初顯(xian)規模。與此同(tong)時,另(ling)有民眾自籌資(zi)金在原“離垢(gou)庵”址(zhi)建造(zao)(zao)了(le)“離垢(gou)道(dao)院”;在原“紅(hong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)洞”址(zhi)建造(zao)(zao)了(le)“紅(hong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)洞”殿(dian)(dian)室(shi)。從(cong)“石(shi)門下(xia)”入口至“白(bai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”的(de)原“七十(shi)二搖車(che)灣”山道(dao)也(ye)已(yi)修復成(cheng)水泥臺階。“白(bai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”憑借悠久的(de)歷史而名聲再起(qi),香火日益旺盛。