牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)原產(chan)于(yu)亞洲和北歐,我(wo)國自(zi)東北至西(xi)南(nan)均有野生種(zhong)分布,其子實、根、莖、葉(xie)皆可入藥,在山(shan)東、遼寧有零星(xing)(xing)人工(gong)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei),公元(yuan)940年(nian)(nian)前后由(you)中國傳入日本(ben),經栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)馴化,出現許多品(pin)種(zhong)。蒼山(shan)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)是于(yu)1988年(nian)(nian)在山(shan)東省(sheng)率先從日本(ben)協和種(zhong)苗株式(shi)會社引進(jin)種(zhong)植獲(huo)得成功,1990年(nian)(nian)開始大面積(ji)的(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei),是國內(nei)最早引種(zhong)日本(ben)牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)品(pin)種(zhong)成功的(de)(de)地區,為此獲(huo)山(shan)東省(sheng)科技進(jin)步(bu)三等獎,1993年(nian)(nian)又承(cheng)擔了“牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)及加工(gong)”國家(jia)星(xing)(xing)火(huo)計劃項目,形成了牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)收購標準和保鮮出口標準,1996年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)省(sheng)星(xing)(xing)火(huo)二等獎,并帶動了牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)加工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)展。
目前(qian)牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)已成為(wei)蒼(cang)山蔬(shu)菜的(de)主(zhu)要栽培(pei)模式之一,主(zhu)要分布在蒼(cang)山縣(xian)的(de)莊塢、層山、二廟(miao)等鄉鎮,縣(xian)內(nei)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積9萬(wan)余畝,縣(xian)外(wai)發(fa)展種(zhong)植(zhi)基地(di)11萬(wan)余畝,總產(chan)(chan)55萬(wan)噸,占到全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)面積的(de)50%以上。其產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)優于國(guo)(guo)內(nei)其他(ta)地(di)區(qu),被國(guo)(guo)家標準委(wei)確定為(wei)“無(wu)公害農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)”。全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)與牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)相(xiang)關的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)儲藏(zang)企(qi)業有60余家,相(xiang)繼開發(fa)了牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)茶、牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)酒、牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)咸菜、牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)營養液(ye)和利(li)用牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)葉提(ti)煉綠原酸等系列加工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin),恒溫保(bao)鮮,加工(gong)(gong)(gong)儲藏(zang)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)量(liang)占全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)的(de)80%以上,主(zhu)要出(chu)口日本(ben)、韓國(guo)(guo)、美(mei)國(guo)(guo)、臺(tai)灣等國(guo)(guo)家和地(di)區(qu)。蒼(cang)山縣(xian)為(wei)此成為(wei)我國(guo)(guo)重要的(de)牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)生產(chan)(chan)及加工(gong)(gong)(gong)出(chu)口的(de)集散地(di),被國(guo)(guo)家特產(chan)(chan)委(wei)命(ming)名為(wei)“中國(guo)(guo)牛(niu)蒡(bang)(bang)(bang)之鄉”、被譽為(wei)山東的(de)“洋菜園”。
蒼(cang)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)位(wei)于山(shan)(shan)東省最南部,與江(jiang)蘇省邳州(zhou)市相鄰。總面積(ji)(ji)1800平方公里,耕地面積(ji)(ji)140萬(wan)畝(mu),山(shan)(shan)區(qu)和平原(yuan)各占(zhan)一半(ban)。現(xian)有21個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen),1179個(ge)行(xing)政(zheng)村(cun),117萬(wan)人口。蒼(cang)山(shan)(shan)牛蒡(bang)保護范(fan)圍位(wei)于北緯34°45'00''-34°12'00'',東經(jing)118°26'00''-118°59'00'',覆蓋蒼(cang)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)莊塢鎮(zhen)境內(nei)的(de)莊塢、河西、涌泉、多(duo)福、高堯(yao)、向曙等19個(ge)行(xing)政(zheng)村(cun),生產面積(ji)(ji)1670公頃,年總產量2億(yi)公斤。