芒果视频下载

簡介

皎(jiao)(jiao)口水(shui)庫所在河流(liu)(liu)――樟溪，是甬江水(shui)系奉化江上(shang)游的主(zhu)要(yao)支流(liu)(liu)之一，發源(yuan)于四明山對崗嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)(dong)部蓮(lian)花村，主(zhu)流(liu)(liu)自(zi)(zi)西南向東(dong)(dong)(dong)北流(liu)(liu)經(jing)北溪、李家坑(keng)、周公(gong)(gong)(gong)宅、杜岙、大皎(jiao)(jiao)等地，與小皎(jiao)(jiao)溪匯合后(hou)出(chu)皎(jiao)(jiao)口水(shui)庫，并折向東(dong)(dong)(dong)南流(liu)(liu)經(jing)章水(shui)鎮和鄞江鎮，再由鄞江向東(dong)(dong)(dong)入奉化江、鄞江鎮以(yi)(yi)上(shang)集(ji)水(shui)面(mian)積348.7平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，主(zhu)流(liu)(liu)長58.4 Km，其(qi)中已蓄(xu)水(shui)的周公(gong)(gong)(gong)宅水(shui)庫壩址(zhi)集(ji)水(shui)面(mian)積132 平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，主(zhu)流(liu)(liu)長27.75 Km，流(liu)(liu)域地形(xing)主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)低山及丘陵，山嶺(ling)高(gao)程一般在300~900之間(jian)(jian)，最(zui)高(gao)峰為(wei)976米(mi)，地勢自(zi)(zi)西南向北傾(qing)斜，河道落差較(jiao)大，源(yuan)短(duan)流(liu)(liu)急，流(liu)(liu)域植被良(liang)好，水(shui)土保持較(jiao)好。土壤主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)紅壤及黃(huang)壤，海拔200米(mi)以(yi)(yi)下為(wei)紅壤，500米(mi)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)為(wei)黃(huang)壤，其(qi)中間(jian)(jian)為(wei)紅黃(huang)壤亞類土壤并與紅壤穿插。

氣候

本(ben)流域屬(shu)亞熱(re)帶(dai)季風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候區，總的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)候特征是(shi)：冬夏季風(feng)(feng)交替顯著(zhu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)溫(wen)(wen)適(shi)中，四(si)季分明，雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)豐沛，日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)充(chong)足，流域多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)1781mm，多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)日(ri)(ri)157日(ri)(ri)，最(zui)多185日(ri)(ri)，最(zui)少年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)126日(ri)(ri)，降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)時空(kong)(kong)分布不(bu)均，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)際、年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)內變化顯著(zhu)，實測(ce)最(zui)豐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)2225 mm（1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），最(zui)枯年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)982.7 mm（1967年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），豐枯年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)之比為2.3倍。本(ben)地3、4月(yue)(yue)份是(shi)西(xi)北(bei)季風(feng)(feng)減退和東南季風(feng)(feng)開始增強期，冷(leng)(leng)暖(nuan)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)交匯(hui)，形(xing)成綿綿春雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，4月(yue)(yue)中旬至7月(yue)(yue)中旬，夏季風(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)暖(nuan)氣(qi)(qi)流與(yu)南下的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)相遇，本(ben)地有持續時間較(jiao)長的(de)(de)鋒面雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、陰雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)連綿，降(jiang)(jiang)水集中，俗稱梅雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)；夏秋(qiu)季常(chang)受(shou)副高壓脊(ji)控制，降(jiang)(jiang)水主要為臺(tai)風(feng)(feng)暴雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)和局(ju)部(bu)雷陣雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，若夏秋(qiu)季受(shou)臺(tai)風(feng)(feng)和熱(re)帶(dai)風(feng)(feng)暴影響較(jiao)少，則(ze)易(yi)造成高溫(wen)(wen)干(gan)旱，11月(yue)(yue)至翌年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)，受(shou)冷(leng)(leng)高壓控制，天氣(qi)(qi)以晴冷(leng)(leng)為主，雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)較(jiao)少。

周邊環境

流域內(nei)現有(you)水(shui)利工程較(jiao)(jiao)少，總(zong)(zong)庫(ku)(ku)容在(zai)100萬(wan)立(li)(li)方米(mi)以上(shang)的水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)有(you)周(zhou)公宅(zhai)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)和榧樹潭水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)，周(zhou)公宅(zhai)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)建(jian)(jian)于2003年(nian)，總(zong)(zong)庫(ku)(ku)容11180萬(wan)立(li)(li)方米(mi)，正常(chang)蓄水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)容9570萬(wan)立(li)(li)方米(mi)，榧樹潭水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)建(jian)(jian)于1991年(nian)，總(zong)(zong)庫(ku)(ku)容514萬(wan)立(li)(li)方米(mi)，正常(chang)庫(ku)(ku)容220萬(wan)立(li)(li)方米(mi)，上(shang)游(you)河道坡(po)陡流急，下游(you)河道坡(po)度較(jiao)(jiao)為平緩(huan)，流域內(nei)植被(bei)較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)，人類(lei)活動影響較(jiao)(jiao)小。

功用

皎口(kou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫是一(yi)座以防洪、灌溉為主，結合發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、養(yang)魚、供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)綜合利用的(de)大(da)(da)（二(er)）型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫于(yu)1970年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)動工(gong)(gong)(gong)興建(jian)，1973年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)封孔蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)主體工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)完工(gong)(gong)(gong)，1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站三(san)臺機(ji)組全部(bu)投入運行(xing)，1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)省水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利廳組織對皎口(kou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫進行(xing)竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)驗收，1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)機(ji)組容量從原來(lai)3×1250千瓦(wa)增至3×1600千瓦(wa)，保壩(ba)(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)于(yu)1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)動工(gong)(gong)(gong)，1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)底完工(gong)(gong)(gong)，1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)通(tong)過保壩(ba)(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)驗收，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫集水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面積259平方公里，總庫容1.198億立(li)方米，樞紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)由攔河大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)、壩(ba)(ba)(ba)體泄洪洞(dong)、壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂溢洪道、發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)和壩(ba)(ba)(ba)后(hou)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站組成，皎口(kou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫屬于(yu)Ⅱ等工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)溢洪道、泄洪洞(dong)、發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)按2級(ji)建(jian)筑物(wu)設計(ji)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)站按四(si)級(ji)建(jian)筑物(wu)設計(ji)，設計(ji)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)為百年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)遇，校核洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)二(er)千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)遇。

修繕

1984年至(zhi)1988年根(gen)據水利(li)部頒發的(de)《水利(li)水電樞紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程等級劃分及設(she)(she)計標準》及省水利(li)廳下達(da)的(de)浙水法（78）第520號文要求，對(dui)皎口水庫進行保壩工(gong)(gong)(gong)程，主要項目壩體由原78.0米(mi)高(gao)(gao)程升(sheng)至(zhi)79.4米(mi)，加高(gao)(gao)1.4米(mi)，壩頂(ding)上游面(mian)設(she)(she)混凝土防浪(lang)墻，墻高(gao)(gao)1.2米(mi)；壩頂(ding)加寬(kuan)(kuan)5米(mi)，達(da)到10米(mi)；溢流壩段工(gong)(gong)(gong)作橋(qiao)（兼交通橋(qiao)）抬高(gao)(gao)0.6米(mi)，橋(qiao)面(mian)增寬(kuan)(kuan)3.2米(mi)；新建(jian)改(gai)建(jian)啟(qi)閉機(ji)室；更新設(she)(she)計制作安裝6扇弧型閘門，并(bing)改(gai)制啟(qi)閉設(she)(she)備(bei)。經過保壩工(gong)(gong)(gong)程，最(zui)大壩高(gao)(gao)達(da)到67.4米(mi)，總庫容(rong)達(da)到1.198億(yi)立方(fang)米(mi)。

浙江省水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)廳浙水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管52號文《關于下達牛頭山水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)等(deng)(deng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)鑒定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)通知》，皎口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)列入2003年(nian)(nian)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)鑒計劃(hua)，根據文件(jian)精神，鄞(yin)州(zhou)區水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)局成立(li)皎口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)鑒定(ding)領導小組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，皎口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)成立(li)以局長(chang)為組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)長(chang)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)班子。按照大(da)(da)綱要求，皎口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)管理局委托水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)部水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)金屬結構質量檢驗測(ce)(ce)試中(zhong)心、省水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電勘(kan)測(ce)(ce)設計院、省水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)河口研究院等(deng)(deng)設計，科研單(dan)位，開(kai)展《閘(zha)門(men)及(ji)(ji)啟閉機(ji)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)檢測(ce)(ce)報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》、《泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)建筑物安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)復(fu)(fu)核報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》、《大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)穩(wen)定(ding)分(fen)析(xi)報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》、《洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)復(fu)(fu)核報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》、《大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)滲流安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)評價報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》、《大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質量評價報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》、《大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)應力復(fu)(fu)核及(ji)(ji)變形觀測(ce)(ce)資料分(fen)析(xi)報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》、《電站機(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)機(ji)電檢測(ce)(ce)報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》、《大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)鑒定(ding)綜合報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》等(deng)(deng)9項(xiang)專題報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)檢測(ce)(ce)編(bian)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，至2003年(nian)(nian)底各項(xiang)檢測(ce)(ce)及(ji)(ji)報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)編(bian)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)結束，2003年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)下旬，省水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)廳組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織有部門(men)專家(jia)對皎口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)進行安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)鑒定(ding)，2004年(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)，經過專家(jia)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)第二會議，通過《大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)鑒定(ding)報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)書》安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)鑒定(ding)結論(lun)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)等(deng)(deng)級為二類壩(ba)(ba)(ba)，（具體(ti)內容見附(fu)錄大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)鑒定(ding)報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)書）2005年(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)省水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電勘(kan)測(ce)(ce)設計院完成《皎口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)加固改(gai)(gai)造(zao)初步設計報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)》2005年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)經寧波市(shi)發展和改(gai)(gai)革委員會批復(fu)(fu)立(li)項(xiang)，區府已把皎口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)加固改(gai)(gai)造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程列入2007年(nian)(nian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程計劃(hua)。