廟溝后石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)和(he)橫省石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)是(shi)目前所知(zhi)我國(guo)早的石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang),據(ju)研究考證,兩(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)約建(jian)于(yu)南宋至元代(dai),它們(men)的發現,為(wei)研究我國(guo)明代(dai)以(yi)前此(ci)類石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)提供了(le)珍貴實例(li),具(ju)有很(hen)高的歷史價值。兩(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)是(shi)我國(guo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)向石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)轉(zhuan)型時期(qi)的重要實例(li)。我國(guo)的石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)脫(tuo)胎于(yu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)坊(fang)(fang)(fang),這是(shi)學術界較為(wei)一致的觀點,廟溝后石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)和(he)橫省石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)無論從構造還是(shi)細部做法均為(wei)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結構的模仿,與(yu)明清時期(qi)建(jian)的石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)有很(hen)大的區別,顯然正處(chu)于(yu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)向石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)轉(zhuan)型的過程中。兩(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)的許多做法與(yu)宋《營造法式》基本吻合,是(shi)研究這一時期(qi)江南地區古(gu)建(jian)筑的重要實例(li)。
廟(miao)溝(gou)后(hou)石坊在(zai)鄞縣東錢湖(hu)鎮韓嶺(ling)村廟(miao)溝(gou)后(hou)山(shan)。西向,二(er)柱(zhu),一間一樓(lou)(lou)仿(fang)木構。面闊(kuo)3.29米(mi),柱(zhu)高3.28米(mi)。單檐歇山(shan)頂,翼角(jiao)起翹較(jiao)(jiao)大,獸(shou)面勾頭,重(zhong)唇板瓦滴水。橫省(sheng)石坊位于(yu)鄞縣五鄉鎮橫省(sheng)村省(sheng)岙仙(xian)人山(shan),亦為西向,二(er)柱(zhu)一間樓(lou)(lou)仿(fang)木構,面闊(kuo)2.5米(mi)。其基本結構與(yu)廟(miao)溝(gou)后(hou)石坊類同(tong)。不同(tong)處在(zai)于(yu)闌額下(xia)移(yi),插入柱(zhu)身,無普拍枋(fang),華栱(gong)(gong)(gong)用(yong)插栱(gong)(gong)(gong),闌額上刻出“七朱八白”式樣的(de)長(chang)方形凹槽(cao)等。 兩石坊年(nian)(nian)代較(jiao)(jiao)早,按形制(zhi)考(kao)證(zheng),約(yue)建于(yu)南宋至(zhi)元(yuan)代期間,是(shi)已知年(nian)(nian)代早的(de)石坊。仿(fang)木構形較(jiao)(jiao)為忠(zhong)實,如單栱(gong)(gong)(gong)素(su)方,轉(zhuan)角(jiao)列栱(gong)(gong)(gong)及(ji)使用(yong)上昂形斜(xie)撐、翼角(jiao)起翹顯著等皆為南方建筑做(zuo)法(fa),在(zai)建筑史上有重(zhong)要價(jia)值。