增程式電動車是什么意思
增程式(shi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)整車(che)(che)運(yun)行(xing)模(mo)式(shi)可(ke)根據需要(yao)工作(zuo)于(yu)純電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)模(mo)式(shi)、增程模(mo)式(shi)或混合動(dong)(dong)力模(mo)式(shi)(HEV)。當工作(zuo)于(yu)增程模(mo)式(shi)時,節(jie)油率隨(sui)電(dian)(dian)池組(zu)容量(liang)(liang)增大無限接近純電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)(che),是(shi)純電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)(che)的平穩過(guo)渡(du)車(che)(che)型。由(you)于(yu)低速扭矩(ju)大,高速運(yun)行(xing)平穩,剎車(che)(che)能量(liang)(liang)回(hui)收效(xiao)率高,結構簡單易維(wei)修,是(shi)一(yi)種特(te)別(bie)適用于(yu)城市(shi)公交的純電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)客車(che)(che)和騎行(xing)路途(tu)較(jiao)遠的電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自行(xing)車(che)(che)用戶。實用性(xing)強。
增程式電動車的特點
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)充(chong)(chong)足時(shi),動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)池驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji),提(ti)供(gong)整車驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)功(gong)率需求,此時(shi)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)不參(can)與(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)消耗(hao)到(dao)一定程度時(shi),發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)池提(ti)供(gong)能量(liang)(liang)(liang)對動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)池進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)充(chong)(chong)足時(shi),發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)又停止工(gong)作(zuo),由電(dian)(dian)(dian)池驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji),提(ti)供(gong)整車驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。
增程式混動和插電式混動的區別
1、增程式和插電式最直接的區別就是增程式只用電機驅動車輛,發動機不參與驅動,只負責默默發電,所以增程式電動車沒(mei)有(you)離(li)合器和變速箱等機(ji)械(xie)裝置,也可以把它看作是一輛(liang)小電(dian)池(chi)的純電(dian)動車外加一臺給(gei)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)的發(fa)電(dian)機(ji),只不(bu)過大家給(gei)他起了一個很好聽的名字。
2、因(yin)為增程式車(che)型一直都是(shi)電機驅動(dong),所(suo)以駕(jia)駛體(ti)驗(yan)上(shang)更偏(pian)向于是(shi)一輛電動(dong)車(che),加速(su)感受更加線性。而插電車(che)在混動(dong)模(mo)式下存在動(dong)力由純電切換到(dao)燃油(you)發動(dong)機的(de)過程,如果銜接做的(de)不好就會(hui)有“闖動(dong)感”。
增程式混動汽車優缺點
一、優點
1、可純電動模式運行,所(suo)需電池容量小,造價低且不會(hui)發(fa)生缺電拋錨現象。
2、可插(cha)電式方模運行,在混合動力(li)基礎上進一步(bu)提高節油率(lv)。
3、電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)功(gong)率小(xiao),不必建設(she)大型充(chong)電(dian)設(she)施。
4、電池充放電可以淺(qian)(qian)充淺(qian)(qian)放,有利于電池壽命。
5、具有外接充(chong)(chong)電方(fang)式,能利用夜(ye)間的低價低谷電充(chong)(chong)電。
6、結構簡單(dan),電機(ji)直驅,易于(yu)維(wei)修保養(yang),易于(yu)實現產業化。
7、節能:發動機一直處于(yu)最(zui)佳工作狀(zhuang)態,效率高,排放小。
8、 減排:綜合節油(you)率高,現(xian)有技(ji)術就可節油(you)50%以上。
二、缺點
由于發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)并(bing)不直接驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輪(lun),造成了(le)這部分功率(lv)(lv)的(de)浪費(fei),并(bing)且發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)帶來的(de)重量并(bing)不減輕(qing),由于只(zhi)有一(yi)個電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong),所以(yi)只(zhi)能發(fa)(fa)揮出1+1=1的(de)效果。例如一(yi)輛增程(cheng)式純電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車攜帶了(le)總功率(lv)(lv)200kW發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),但(dan)是能驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車輪(lun)的(de)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)功率(lv)(lv)只(zhi)有100kW。
增(zeng)(zeng)程式電動汽車(che)在高(gao)速路況(kuang)下,油耗偏高(gao)。因為(wei)高(gao)速路況(kuang)下,如果發動機直接驅動車(che)輪,可以一(yi)直工作在最佳工作模(mo)式,而(er)增(zeng)(zeng)程式插電混合(he)動力多了(le)一(yi)個轉換(huan)過程,轉換(huan)本身要消耗能量(liang),造(zao)成油耗反而(er)偏高(gao)。