一、電子陶瓷是絕緣體還是導體

一般(ban)認為，陶瓷(ci)是良好(hao)的(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)體，它一般(ban)不(bu)(bu)導電，因為原子(zi)的(de)(de)外層電子(zi)通常受(shou)到原子(zi)核的(de)(de)吸(xi)引力，被束(shu)縛在各自原子(zi)的(de)(de)周(zhou)圍，不(bu)(bu)能自由運(yun)動(dong)，不(bu)(bu)過電子(zi)陶瓷(ci)具有極為寬廣的(de)(de)電氣特性，從一般(ban)的(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)體，到半導體，導體、甚至超(chao)導體，都有不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)電子(zi)陶瓷(ci)產品(pin)。

電子陶瓷的種(zhong)類眾多(duo)，其中絕緣陶瓷裝置瓷和介電陶瓷是(shi)絕緣體(ti)，半導(dao)體(ti)陶瓷是(shi)半導(dao)體(ti)，離(li)子陶瓷是(shi)導(dao)體(ti)，還(huan)有一種(zhong)超(chao)導(dao)陶瓷屬于超(chao)導(dao)體(ti)。

二、電子陶瓷導電原理是什么

電子陶瓷有的導電，有的不導電，導電的電子陶瓷一般(ban)是通(tong)過一定(ding)的工藝處(chu)理，使其具有導電功能的。

某(mou)些氧(yang)化物陶瓷加(jia)熱時(shi)，處于(yu)原(yuan)子外層的(de)電子可(ke)以獲得足夠(gou)的(de)能(neng)量，以便(bian)克服原(yuan)子核對它的(de)吸引(yin)力，而成為可(ke)以自(zi)由(you)運動的(de)自(zi)由(you)電子，這種陶瓷就變成導電陶瓷。

一(yi)般當電(dian)(dian)(dian)流通(tong)(tong)過材料時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)可(ke)以有(you)兩(liang)種方式通(tong)(tong)過晶(jing)格運動(dong)來(lai)完成電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷輸(shu)運過程：①電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)脫(tuo)離(li)(li)(li)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成為自由電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，在晶(jing)格中運動(dong)，形成所謂的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；②電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)核一(yi)起移動(dong)產生所謂的(de)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。對金(jin)屬來(lai)說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是其(qi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)方式，相(xiang)比之下，離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)幾乎可(ke)忽(hu)略不計；但對于導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)陶(tao)瓷來(lai)說，由于離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)活化能比較(jiao)低(di)（一(yi)般在0.5eV以下），離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)已不容忽(hu)視(shi)，是電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)陶(tao)瓷的(de)主要(yao)(yao)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方式。