一、電子陶瓷是絕緣體還是導體

一般(ban)認(ren)為，陶(tao)瓷是良好(hao)的(de)絕緣(yuan)體(ti)，它(ta)一般(ban)不導(dao)電，因為原(yuan)子的(de)外層電子通常(chang)受到(dao)原(yuan)子核的(de)吸(xi)引力，被(bei)束縛在各自原(yuan)子的(de)周(zhou)圍，不能自由運(yun)動，不過電子陶(tao)瓷具(ju)有(you)極為寬廣的(de)電氣特性，從一般(ban)的(de)絕緣(yuan)體(ti)，到(dao)半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)，導(dao)體(ti)、甚至超導(dao)體(ti)，都有(you)不同(tong)的(de)電子陶(tao)瓷產(chan)品(pin)。

電子陶(tao)瓷(ci)的種(zhong)類(lei)眾多，其中絕緣(yuan)(yuan)陶(tao)瓷(ci)裝置瓷(ci)和介(jie)電陶(tao)瓷(ci)是(shi)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)體，半導(dao)體陶(tao)瓷(ci)是(shi)半導(dao)體，離子陶(tao)瓷(ci)是(shi)導(dao)體，還有(you)一種(zhong)超導(dao)陶(tao)瓷(ci)屬于超導(dao)體。

二、電子陶瓷導電原理是什么

電子陶瓷有的導電，有的不導電，導電的電子陶瓷一般是通過(guo)一定的工藝(yi)處理，使其具(ju)有(you)導電(dian)功能(neng)的。

某些氧化物(wu)陶瓷(ci)加熱時，處于原子(zi)外(wai)層(ceng)的(de)電(dian)子(zi)可(ke)以(yi)獲(huo)得(de)足夠的(de)能量，以(yi)便克服原子(zi)核(he)對它(ta)的(de)吸(xi)引力，而成(cheng)為可(ke)以(yi)自由運(yun)動(dong)的(de)自由電(dian)子(zi)，這種陶瓷(ci)就變成(cheng)導電(dian)陶瓷(ci)。

一(yi)般當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)通過材(cai)料時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)可以有兩種方(fang)式(shi)(shi)通過晶格運動來(lai)完(wan)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷輸運過程：①電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)脫(tuo)離原子(zi)(zi)成為自由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)，在晶格中運動，形成所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；②電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)與原子(zi)(zi)核一(yi)起移動產生所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)的(de)(de)(de)離子(zi)(zi)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對(dui)金屬來(lai)說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是其導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)主要方(fang)式(shi)(shi)，相比之下(xia)(xia)，離子(zi)(zi)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)幾(ji)乎可忽(hu)(hu)略不(bu)計；但對(dui)于導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)陶(tao)瓷來(lai)說，由(you)于離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導活(huo)化能(neng)比較低（一(yi)般在0.5eV以下(xia)(xia)），離子(zi)(zi)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)已不(bu)容忽(hu)(hu)視，是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)陶(tao)瓷的(de)(de)(de)主要導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。