一.產品介紹
富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培歷史(shi)(shi)悠(you)久,距今已(yi)有(you)(you)近300年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培歷史(shi)(shi)。據(ju)史(shi)(shi)料(liao)記(ji)載,富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)高樓(lou)、民村(cun)(cun)(cun)一(yi)帶是富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)源(yuan)地(di)(di)。清(qing)光緒至民國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)初年(nian)(nian)(nian),隨著改土歸流,官商(shang)士賈(jia)頻繁(fan)往來,八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)逐(zhu)漸(jian)由富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)傳(chuan)播到(dao)(dao)滇(dian)東南的(de)(de)(de)部分縣(xian),據(ju)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要(yao)樹(shu)種(zhong)造(zao)林技(ji)術(shu)(shu)》一(yi)書(shu)記(ji)述:“云南的(de)(de)(de)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)開(kai)(kai)始在(zai)(zai)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培,以(yi)后(hou)(hou)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)廣(guang)南、西疇、馬關、文(wen)山(shan)(shan)、麻栗坡、河口(kou)、屏邊(bian)、墨江、玉溪等(deng)(deng)(deng)縣(xian)”。這說明(ming)了(le)(le)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)是云南省八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)源(yuan)地(di)(di)。在(zai)(zai)我州瑤(yao)(yao)族聚居村(cun)(cun)(cun)寨,幾乎(hu)村(cun)(cun)(cun)村(cun)(cun)(cun)房前(qian)屋后(hou)(hou)都(dou)種(zhong)有(you)(you)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹(shu),每(mei)戶(hu)(hu)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)靠種(zhong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)收(shou)入在(zai)(zai)千(qian)元(yuan)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang),高者達10多萬元(yuan),把(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹(shu)稱(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)“搖錢樹(shu)”。為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)感激八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹(shu)給(gei)他(ta)們帶來了(le)(le)美(mei)好幸福的(de)(de)(de)生活(huo),每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)“盤(pan)王(wang)節”(8—9月(yue),八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)開(kai)(kai)花(hua)時(shi)),他(ta)(她)們都(dou)會(hui)(hui)相(xiang)聚在(zai)(zai)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林中(zhong)(zhong)載歌載舞,喜慶(qing)豐收(shou)和(he)(he)展(zhan)(zhan)望未來。年(nian)(nian)(nian)輕男女在(zai)(zai)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林里談情說愛 ,共敘(xu)心中(zhong)(zhong)蜜語(yu)和(he)(he)相(xiang)思之情。并(bing)(bing)以(yi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹(shu)為(wei)(wei)證,盟誓忠貞(zhen)不渝的(de)(de)(de)愛情。瑤(yao)(yao)族婦(fu)女把(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)和(he)(he)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)花(hua)繡在(zai)(zai)頭飾上(shang)(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)腰帶上(shang)(shang)(shang)以(yi)示“吉祥如意”。 富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培雖有(you)(you)悠(you)久的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi),且在(zai)(zai)清(qing)朝(chao)初期(qi)剝(bo)隘(ai)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)商(shang)埠的(de)(de)(de)興盛時(shi)期(qi),就遠銷沿海兩廣(guang)及香港等(deng)(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)。但在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)民共和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建立(li)前(qian),由于地(di)(di)霸和(he)(he)奸商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)盤(pan)剝(bo)及交通(tong)閉(bi)塞、經(jing)濟文(wen)化落(luo)后(hou)(hou)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)制約,發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)速度十(shi)分緩(huan)慢(man)。60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)初期(qi),中(zhong)(zhong)共云南省委第一(yi)書(shu)記(ji)閻紅(hong)彥到(dao)(dao)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)視(shi)察,針對富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)實(shi)際,提出(chu)(chu)“把(ba)(ba)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)重(zhong)點推上(shang)(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)去”,指(zhi)導幫助縣(xian)委、縣(xian)人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)制定“以(yi)林畜為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)”的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方針后(hou)(hou),富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)的(de)(de)(de)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)才有(you)(you)所發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。并(bing)(bing)把(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)振興山(shan)(shan)區經(jing)濟的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)項重(zhong)要(yao)措施來抓(zhua),先(xian)后(hou)(hou)撥出(chu)(chu)扶持資金98萬元(yuan)。用(yong)于采(cai)種(zhong)育苗、技(ji)術(shu)(shu)培訓、聘請(qing)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)人(ren)員(yuan),開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)科(ke)研(yan)試驗。八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培開(kai)(kai)始從粗放經(jing)營向(xiang)集約經(jing)營轉變(bian),逐(zhu)步(bu)呈現(xian)老區和(he)(he)新區一(yi)齊發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)局面(mian)。質(zhi)量在(zai)(zai)1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)廣(guang)西南寧(ning)(ning)召開(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)制標會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)評為(wei)(wei)第一(yi)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)品出(chu)(chu)口(kou)瑞士、法國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、日(ri)本、加(jia)拿大(da)等(deng)(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家,為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟建設(she)(she)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)貢(gong)獻。 1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)被中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特產(chan)(chan)(chan)之鄉推薦暨宣傳(chuan)活(huo)動委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)評定為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之鄉”。政(zheng)府(fu)為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)把(ba)(ba)品牌(pai)優(you)勢(shi)變(bian)為(wei)(wei)經(jing)濟優(you)勢(shi),實(shi)現(xian)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)民的(de)(de)(de)目標,抓(zhua)住國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家實(shi)施退(tui)(tui)耕還(huan)林的(de)(de)(de)機遇,把(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)列入退(tui)(tui)耕還(huan)林工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點樹(shu)種(zhong),采(cai)取打(da)造(zao)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)生態村(cun)(cun)(cun),加(jia)大(da)宣傳(chuan)力度,變(bian)品牌(pai)優(you)勢(shi)為(wei)(wei)經(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)動力,擴大(da)種(zhong)植面(mian)積(ji),加(jia)快八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)程(cheng),著力科(ke)研(yan)推廣(guang)進(jin)度,提高八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)科(ke)技(ji)含(han)量,加(jia)速八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)步(bu)伐,實(shi)現(xian)“公(gong)司+基地(di)(di)+農戶(hu)(hu)”的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)格局等(deng)(deng)(deng)措施,做(zuo)大(da)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業。在(zai)(zai)323國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)道公(gong)路干(gan)線出(chu)(chu)入境(jing)處(chu)設(she)(she)立(li)宣傳(chuan)廣(guang)告牌(pai)坊,讓過(guo)往賓客了(le)(le)解八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之鄉;在(zai)(zai)省、州報刊(kan)宣傳(chuan)報道八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)情況;在(zai)(zai)出(chu)(chu)租車印上(shang)(shang)(shang)“八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之鄉歡迎您”的(de)(de)(de)字(zi)樣;把(ba)(ba)歌曲“八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)飄香”定為(wei)(wei)縣(xian)歌進(jin)行傳(chuan)唱(chang)宣傳(chuan)。并(bing)(bing)成(cheng)立(li)了(le)(le)“富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)研(yan)究所”,開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優(you)樹(shu)調(diao)查、八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)良種(zhong)選育、低產(chan)(chan)(chan)林改造(zao)、病蟲害防(fang)治、無(wu)性系繁(fan)殖(zhi)、豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、新產(chan)(chan)(chan)品開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)等(deng)(deng)(deng)試驗、示范(fan)和(he)(he)實(shi)用(yong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)培訓推廣(guang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。 富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)牙牌(pai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)以(yi)種(zhong)植八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),通(tong)過(guo)種(zhong)植八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)增收(shou),呈現(xian)戶(hu)(hu)戶(hu)(hu)種(zhong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),戶(hu)(hu)戶(hu)(hu)蓋小樓(lou)景象(xiang)。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)11日(ri)時(shi)任云南省委書(shu)記(ji)白(bai)恩培深(shen)入到(dao)(dao)富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)牙牌(pai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)調(diao)研(yan)時(shi)指(zhi)出(chu)(chu):“要(yao)積(ji)極(ji)合(he)理開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)利用(yong)資源(yuan),富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)牙牌(pai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)代(dai)表了(le)(le)云南山(shan)(shan)區將來的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方向(xiang),云南94%是山(shan)(shan)區,自然條件同富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)牙牌(pai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)相(xiang)似的(de)(de)(de)也不是少數,牙牌(pai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)能做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)其他(ta)地(di)(di)方也都(dou)能夠做(zuo)到(dao)(dao),要(yao)學習牙牌(pai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)成(cheng)功的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗,結(jie)合(he)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)優(you)勢(shi),靈活(huo)、實(shi)際、積(ji)極(ji)地(di)(di)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)資源(yuan)”。至2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)底,富(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)寧(ning)(ning)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)種(zhong)植面(mian)積(ji)5.87萬公(gong)頃,產(chan)(chan)(chan)量1萬噸,栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培面(mian)積(ji)和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量僅次于廣(guang)西,居全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)第二。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土壤地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)情況:富(fu)寧(ning)八(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)產區(qu)位于云南省東南角(jiao)(jiao),境(jing)內多山(shan),西北部是哀牢山(shan)余(yu)脈,六詔山(shan)脈縱橫全(quan)境(jing)。地(di)(di)(di)勢西北高(gao),東南低(di)。以(yi)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)高(gao)原地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),廣泛(fan)分布著碳(tan)酸(suan)鹽類(lei)(lei)巖(yan)(yan)。巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)(rong)地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)為(wei)最主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)形態(tai),占總土地(di)(di)(di)面積的(de)(de)60%,種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)繁多,單體形態(tai)有(you)洼(wa)地(di)(di)(di)、漏斗(dou)、落水洞、溶(rong)(rong)井(jing)、溶(rong)(rong)洞、溶(rong)(rong)溝(gou)、溶(rong)(rong)芽、天生橋等(deng);聚(ju)合形態(tai)有(you)峰(feng)叢(cong)洼(wa)地(di)(di)(di)、峰(feng)叢(cong)漏斗(dou)、峰(feng)叢(cong)谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)、峰(feng)叢(cong)丘峰(feng)谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)、峰(feng)林洼(wa)地(di)(di)(di)、溶(rong)(rong)丘洼(wa)地(di)(di)(di)、丘峰(feng)谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)等(deng)。適宜種(zhong)植(zhi)八(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)土壤有(you)紅壤、黃壤兩類(lei)(lei),三個(ge)亞(ya)類(lei)(lei),十一個(ge)土屬,二十七個(ge)土種(zhong)。種(zhong)植(zhi)區(qu)內土壤大部分偏酸(suan),自然肥力較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao),有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)含(han)(han)量(liang)也(ye)較(jiao)(jiao)豐(feng)富(fu),含(han)(han)氮量(liang)中等(deng),全(quan)磷(lin)含(han)(han)量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao),速效磷(lin)、鉀(jia)含(han)(han)量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)。黃壤和紅壤土的(de)(de)PH值在4.5—6.5之間,呈酸(suan)性(xing)和偏酸(suan)性(xing),非常適宜發展富(fu)寧(ning)八(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)。
(2)水(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況:種(zhong)植區(qu)域(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)資源豐(feng)富,水(shui)(shui)質優良。有(you)(you)紅河(he)、珠江(jiang)(jiang)兩大水(shui)(shui)系共11條(tiao)主(zhu)要河(he)流。兩大水(shui)(shui)系匯集境內多條(tiao)支流,呈西北向(xiang)東南流向(xiang)。紅河(he)流域(yu)(yu)主(zhu)要干流有(you)(you)盤龍河(he)、南利河(he)、八(ba)布河(he)、迷湖河(he)、那么果(guo)河(he);珠江(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)(yu)主(zhu)要干流有(you)(you)南盤江(jiang)(jiang)、清水(shui)(shui)江(jiang)(jiang)、西洋江(jiang)(jiang)、馱娘江(jiang)(jiang)、普廳河(he)和那馬河(he)。
(3)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情(qing)況(kuang):種植(zhi)區屬(shu)低緯高原季風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候,地形(xing)地貌復雜(za),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫日變化(hua)大(da),年(nian)變化(hua)小,霜(shuang)(shuang)期短,無霜(shuang)(shuang)期長,立體(ti)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候特征顯(xian)明。年(nian)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫16—21℃,平(ping)(ping)均年(nian)積溫5700—7000℃。夏無酷署,冬無嚴寒,無霜(shuang)(shuang)期300天以(yi)上,年(nian)降雨量1000—1900毫米,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均蒸發量1534毫米,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均相對濕度80~86%,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均干(gan)燥度0.8—1.3,全年(nian)日照時數1440.2—2018.6小時。
三.地域范圍
富(fu)寧八(ba)角產(chan)地(di)涉及(ji)文山(shan)壯族(zu)苗族(zu)自治州一市(shi)七縣(xian)共(gong)55個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。其中:富(fu)寧縣(xian)13個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(木央鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、田蓬(peng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、新(xin)華鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、剝隘鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、里達鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、歸朝鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、谷(gu)(gu)拉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、者桑鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、板侖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、那能鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、花(hua)甲鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、阿用鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、洞(dong)波鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));廣南(nan)縣(xian)3個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(壩(ba)美鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、八(ba)寶(bao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、底(di)圩(wei)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));馬關(guan)縣(xian)12個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(馬白鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、都龍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、木廠鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、金(jin)廠鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、仁和鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、八(ba)寨鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、夾寒(han)箐鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、南(nan)撈鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、坡腳鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、古林箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)栗(li)樹鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、篾廠鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));麻栗(li)坡縣(xian)7個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(麻栗(li)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)坪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鐵廠鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、八(ba)布(bu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、下(xia)金(jin)廠鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、六河鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、猛硐(dong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));西疇縣(xian)9個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(西灑鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、興(xing)街鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、雞街鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、蚌谷(gu)(gu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、蓮花(hua)塘鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、柏林鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、法斗鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、董馬鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新(xin)馬街鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));文山(shan)市(shi)6個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(薄竹鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、壩(ba)心鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、喜(xi)古鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、小街鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、追栗(li)街鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、柳(liu)井鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));丘(qiu)北縣(xian)3個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(雙龍營鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、官寨鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、溫瀏(liu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));硯山(shan)縣(xian)2個(ge)(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(八(ba)嘎鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、蚌蛾鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang))。區域范圍(wei)地(di)處東經103°35ˊ-106°12ˊ、北緯22°40ˊ-24°28ˊ、海(hai)拔600—1600米之間,東西橫距255公(gong)里,南(nan)北縱距190公(gong)里。種植總面積(ji) 5.87萬公(gong)頃,年總產(chan)量(liang)1萬噸(干果)。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)外在(zai)感官特征:富寧八(ba)(ba)角(jiao)的(de)(de)果(guo)、枝、葉都具(ju)有特殊(shu)的(de)(de)香(xiang)味(wei)。富寧八(ba)(ba)角(jiao)多(duo)數由八(ba)(ba)蓇葖(tu)果(guo)組(zu)成的(de)(de)聚合果(guo),放射狀排列(lie)于(yu)中軸上。蓇葖(tu)果(guo)長1~2厘米,寬(kuan)0.3~0.5厘米,高0.6~1厘米;外表面紅棕(zong)色,有不規則皺紋,頂(ding)端(duan)呈鳥喙狀,上側多(duo)開裂;內(nei)表面淡棕(zong)色,平滑(hua),有光澤;質硬而(er)脆。果(guo)梗(geng)長3~4厘米,連于(yu)果(guo)實基部中央,彎曲,常脫落。葖(tu)含種(zhong)子1粒,扁卵圓形,長約6厘米,紅棕(zong)色或黃(huang)棕(zong)色,光亮(liang),尖端(duan)有種(zhong)臍(qi);胚乳白色,富油(you)性。富寧八(ba)(ba)角(jiao)干果(guo)具(ju)有色紅、香(xiang)碎、味(wei)濃(nong)和型(xing)好等明顯特點。
(2)內在品質(zhi)指標:富(fu)寧八角氣味芳(fang)香(xiang),味甘辛,果(guo)壯肉(rou)厚,干爽(shuang),富(fu)油性,果(guo)實和種子可作調(diao)料,也被中(zhong)國(guo)傳統(tong)醫(yi)學作為藥(yao)物使用。其干燥成熟果(guo)實所含莽(mang)草酸≥6.5%、醇溶抽(chou)提物≥5.0%、揮(hui)發油≥1.50%。
(3)安全要(yao)求:產(chan)地環(huan)境質量(liang)符合《無公害食品(pin)(pin) 林果類產(chan)品(pin)(pin)產(chan)地環(huan)境技術條件》(NY 5013-2006),富(fu)寧八(ba)角嚴格按照《無公害食品(pin)(pin) 香辛料》(NY5323—2006)標準(zhun)執行。