芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

美(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，是(shi)由美(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)縣巴(ba)普(pu)鎮俄(e)普(pu)村一帶駐地(di)彝民族在(zai)(zai)特(te)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生態環境下和特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產生活方式下飼(si)(si)養的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)逐步培育形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。據2000多年前形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)彝族經典(dian)文獻《孜孜尼渣》中(zhong)記載的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)彝族人民在(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)祭祀神(shen)靈、祈(qi)求平(ping)安的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儀式中(zhong)所使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動物(wu)“癡布樹(shu)尼”就是(shi)指黑色公山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，在(zai)(zai)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)養管理過程中(zhong)，農戶(hu)只能將山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)關在(zai)(zai)圈里同豬一起(qi)喂養或將山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)用繩索套牢牽(qian)至耕地(di)附(fu)近進(jin)行拴牧和牽(qian)牧，由此逐漸(jian)形成了以圈養為主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生產模式。由于放牧場地(di)有(you)限(xian)，每家每戶(hu)飼(si)(si)養的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)數量也有(you)限(xian)，少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)養使(shi)農戶(hu)投入了更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)力，使(shi)當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)得到(dao)了精(jing)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)養，生產性(xing)能不斷(duan)得到(dao)提高(gao)。

二.自(zi)然生態(tai)環境和人(ren)文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情況：美姑(gu)縣位于涼山(shan)(shan)州東北部，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)大涼山(shan)(shan)腹心(xin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，距州府(fu)西昌171公里。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)青(qing)藏(zang)高(gao)原東南部的橫斷山(shan)(shan)脈與四川盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)西南邊緣交匯處(chu)，境內山(shan)(shan)巒(luan)起伏，河流(liu)縱(zong)橫，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢由東北向西南傾斜，平均(jun)海(hai)(hai)拔2000米，最(zui)高(gao)海(hai)(hai)拔在大風頂為(wei)(wei)(wei)4042米，最(zui)低處(chu)640米。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形以山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，丘陵和平壩(ba)只占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的8%。土(tu)(tu)壤有17個土(tu)(tu)類，以黃棕壤、暗(an)棕壤、紫色土(tu)(tu)、草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)甸土(tu)(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。全縣天然草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)193.35萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)共有8類：亞高(gao)山(shan)(shan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)甸草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)44.53萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的23.03％；高(gao)寒(han)灌叢(cong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)10.79萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的5.58％；高(gao)寒(han)沼(zhao)澤草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)0.27萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的0.14％；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)疏林草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)25.28萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的13.07％；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)灌叢(cong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)25.27萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的13.07％；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)叢(cong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)18.86萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的9.75％；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)甸草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)25.89萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的13.34％；農隙(xi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)42.46萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的21.96％。天然牧(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)主(zhu)要有禾本科、莎(sha)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)科、豆科、菊科；人工牧(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)主(zhu)要種(zhong)植白三葉、多年(nian)生(sheng) 黑麥草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、光葉紫花苕、紫花苜蓿、皇竹草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)等。

（2）水文情況(kuang): 美姑(gu)山羊(yang)產地區域河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)為內陸河(he)(he)，全(quan)縣大小河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)和(he)溪溝159條，總長(chang)(chang)287公里。東北(bei)部的瓦(wa)侯河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)入馬邊河(he)(he)，屬岷江水系，河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)全(quan)長(chang)(chang)45公里；美姑(gu)河(he)(he)(含(han)下游溜筒河(he)(he))由北(bei)向南出境(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)入金沙江，境(jing)內干流(liu)(liu)(liu)總長(chang)(chang)142.5公里。全(quan)縣河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)年(nian)涇流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)29億立方米，水資源豐富。

（3）氣候條件：境(jing)內山嶺連(lian)綿，異(yi)峰疊起，大(da)部份為(wei)高山谷地，最(zui)高海拔(ba)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)風頂(ding)為(wei)4042米(mi)，最(zui)低海拔(ba)640米(mi)，海拔(ba)高差懸殊很大(da)，立體氣候明(ming)顯(xian)，四季分(fen)明(ming)，年均氣溫(wen)11.4℃，日(ri)溫(wen)差較大(da)。常(chang)年日(ri)照充(chong)足，年日(ri)照1790.7小(xiao)時，雨(yu)量(liang)充(chong)沛，年均降(jiang)水量(liang)814.6毫米(mi)，但(dan)降(jiang)水量(liang)北部多(duo)南部少，分(fen)布不均。冬季長達135天，年均霜期125天。得天獨厚的(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)環(huan)境(jing)孕(yun)(yun)育出了(le)許許多(duo)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)珍禽異(yi)獸，其中最(zui)具代表的(de)(de)(de)美姑(gu)(gu)大(da)熊貓具有性(xing)情溫(wen)順、繁(fan)殖率強的(de)(de)(de)特點，1974年送(song)往墨(mo)西(xi)(xi)哥的(de)(de)(de)雌性(xing)大(da)熊貓在墨(mo)西(xi)(xi)哥首產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)活(huo)幼(you)仔而轟動世界，1975年送(song)往成(cheng)都動物園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)熊貓“美美”連(lian)產(chan)(chan)7胎，成(cheng)為(wei)懷孕(yun)(yun)率、產(chan)(chan)仔率、產(chan)(chan)仔成(cheng)活(huo)率最(zui)高的(de)(de)(de)“英(ying)雄(xiong)母親”，2008年送(song)往臺灣的(de)(de)(de)“團(tuan)團(tuan)”、“園(yuan)園(yuan)”的(de)(de)(de)祖藉也是美姑(gu)(gu)縣大(da)風頂(ding)自然(ran)保護區。同時也孕(yun)(yun)育出了(le)性(xing)情溫(wen)順、繁(fan)殖率高、屠宰(zai)率高、膽固醇含量(liang)低、肉質好的(de)(de)(de)美姑(gu)(gu)山羊。

（4）人(ren)(ren)文歷(li)史情況：美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)直接從奴(nu)隸社(she)會(hui)跨入社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義社(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彝(yi)族(zu)聚居(ju)縣(xian)(xian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是(shi)(shi)彝(yi)族(zu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)婚喪嫁(jia)娶(qu)、畢摩法事、過年(nian)(nian)過節、走親訪友(you)、招待貴(gui)客時(shi)必需宰殺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牲畜(chu)(chu)(chu)，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位(wei)僅次于(yu)(yu)(yu)牛。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)兼具了(le)(le)“偶(ou)(ou)蹄四肢”和(he)皮毛(mao)可(ke)(ke)利(li)用(yong)(yong)、肉質細嫩鮮美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)等(deng)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)貴(gui)重(zhong)動物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)征，且其(qi)(qi)個(ge)體(ti)適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，價格較(jiao)(jiao)牛更(geng)容易(yi)讓(rang)廣(guang)大(da)(da)彝(yi)族(zu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)能(neng)(neng)夠承受(shou)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)，使用(yong)(yong)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)比牛廣(guang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)彝(yi)族(zu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)替(ti)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，所以彝(yi)族(zu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)家(jia)(jia)(jia)家(jia)(jia)(jia)戶(hu)戶(hu)歷(li)來(lai)都有(you)(you)(you)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習慣。美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)原產(chan)地在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)。90年(nian)(nian)代(dai)初，美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)牧(mu)(mu)工(gong)作(zuo)者在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)以縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)(jing)內(nei)巴(ba)普鎮(zhen)(zhen)俄普村(cun)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)區(qu)域一帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地域范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)發(fa)(fa)現了(le)(le)一種高(gao)(gao)繁(fan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)類群(qun)，暫(zan)定名(ming)為(wei)(wei)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，其(qi)(qi)形(xing)成(cheng)歷(li)史近(jin)(jin)30余年(nian)(nian)。據(ju)調查，美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是(shi)(shi)從上世(shi)紀70年(nian)(nian)代(dai)以來(lai)，由美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)巴(ba)普鎮(zhen)(zhen)俄普村(cun)一帶駐地彝(yi)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)特(te)(te)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)(jing)下(xia)和(he)特(te)(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)式(shi)下(xia)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)逐步培育(yu)(yu)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)當地交通不(bu)(bu)便(bian)、地域封(feng)閉(bi)、水草豐茂、土地肥沃(wo)、人(ren)(ren)丁興旺、人(ren)(ren)多(duo)(duo)地少，除 耕(geng)地外基本上沒有(you)(you)(you)什么牲畜(chu)(chu)(chu)放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)用(yong)(yong)地，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)，該村(cun)除極(ji)少經(jing)(jing)濟條件較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)能(neng)(neng)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)1－2只山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)外幾乎沒有(you)(you)(you)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)其(qi)(qi)它草食(shi)(shi)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)理過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)只能(neng)(neng)將(jiang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)關(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)圈里同豬一起喂(wei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)或將(jiang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)用(yong)(yong)繩索套牢牽至耕(geng)地附近(jin)(jin)進行拴牧(mu)(mu)和(he)牽牧(mu)(mu)，由此(ci)(ci)逐漸形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)以圈養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)產(chan)模(mo)式(shi)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)場地有(you)(you)(you)限，每家(jia)(jia)(jia)每戶(hu)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)數量(liang)也(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)限，少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)使農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)投入了(le)(le)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精力(li)，使當地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)得到了(le)(le)精心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，生(sheng)產(chan)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)得到提高(gao)(gao)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)偶(ou)(ou)爾出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一些一胎兩羔(gao)，甚(shen)至多(duo)(duo)羔(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)母體(ti)和(he)后代(dai)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)被農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)長(chang)(chang)期留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，如(ru)此(ci)(ci)經(jing)(jing)過長(chang)(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然(ran)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)和(he)群(qun)眾自(zi)發(fa)(fa)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)自(zi)發(fa)(fa)將(jiang)產(chan)雙(shuang)羔(gao)以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)、母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)種羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)再進行選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)、培育(yu)(yu)，逐漸形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)具有(you)(you)(you)繁(fan)殖率高(gao)(gao)、前期生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)育(yu)(yu)速(su)度(du)快、適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)廣(guang)、性(xing)(xing)情溫順宜圈養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)效(xiao)益高(gao)(gao)等(deng)特(te)(te)色(se)，并深受(shou)當地養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)喜愛，生(sheng)產(chan)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)優良(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)類群(qun)—美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)簡便(bian)，沒有(you)(you)(you)什么特(te)(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件限制，特(te)(te)別是(shi)(shi)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)黑色(se)、光亮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被毛(mao)特(te)(te)征迅速(su)受(shou)到了(le)(le)廣(guang)大(da)(da)彝(yi)族(zu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歡(huan)迎。美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)很(hen)快成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)當地彝(yi)族(zu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過年(nian)(nian)過節、迎親嫁(jia)娶(qu)等(deng)喜慶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日子(zi)里贈送親友(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴(gui)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)種，收到美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)這一貴(gui)重(zhong)禮物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)親友(you)也(ye)(ye)倍(bei)加珍惜(xi)和(he)愛護這一畜(chu)(chu)(chu)種而(er)予(yu)以精心(xin)喂(wei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，使得美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)廣(guang)，數量(liang)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)(duo)，規模(mo)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)大(da)(da)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)特(te)(te)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)類群(qun)。經(jing)(jing)過畜(chu)(chu)(chu)牧(mu)(mu)部門(men)十多(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)有(you)(you)(you)計劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)和(he)推廣(guang)，美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)已(yi)從1997年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全縣(xian)(xian)僅有(you)(you)(you)3個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)3個(ge)村(cun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)到100戶(hu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)發(fa)(fa)展到現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)（2008年(nian)(nian)統計）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)36個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)（鎮(zhen)(zhen)）136個(ge)村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)8000多(duo)(duo)戶(hu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，存欄(lan)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)從不(bu)(bu)到400只發(fa)(fa)展到現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)59150只，核心(xin)群(qun)達(da)9640只，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)群(qun)達(da)12200只。主(zhu)要分布在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)海拔700米到2800米之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巴(ba)普鎮(zhen)(zhen)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)作(zuo)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、巴(ba)古鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、佐戈依達(da)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、依洛拉(la)達(da)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、牛牛壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、九(jiu)口鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、洛俄依甘鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、井葉(xie)特(te)(te)西(xi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)等(deng)全縣(xian)(xian)36個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)（鎮(zhen)(zhen)）136個(ge)村(cun)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)境(jing)(jing)內(nei)海拔700米到2800米之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同地方(fang)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)都表現出(chu)了(le)(le)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)性(xing)(xing)和(he)高(gao)(gao)繁(fan)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺傳穩定性(xing)(xing)。同時(shi)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)式(shi)既可(ke)(ke)舍飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)也(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)，不(bu)(bu)但適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)于(yu)(yu)(yu)半(ban)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)半(ban)牧(mu)(mu)區(qu)發(fa)(fa)展，也(ye)(ye)適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)于(yu)(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)區(qu)和(he)牧(mu)(mu)區(qu)發(fa)(fa)展，不(bu)(bu)但適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)于(yu)(yu)(yu)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)發(fa)(fa)展，也(ye)(ye)適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)于(yu)(yu)(yu)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、四川大(da)(da)部分地區(qu)發(fa)(fa)展，周邊涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州境(jing)(jing)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雷波、昭覺、金陽、布拖(tuo)、越(yue)西(xi)以及樂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)峨(e)邊、馬邊等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)均曾(ceng)來(lai)我縣(xian)(xian)引進飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。其(qi)(qi)發(fa)(fa)展前景非常廣(guang)闊。

三.地域范圍

美(mei)姑山羊地理(li)標志(zhi)畜(chu)產品產地范圍為四川(chuan)省涼山州美(mei)姑縣所轄的(de)36個(ge)鄉鎮291個(ge)村。其地理(li)坐(zuo)標為東(dong)經102°53′-103°29′，北緯28°02′-28°53′。

四(si).產(chan)品品質特性(xing)特征(zheng)

（1）美姑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉質感官特征：宰殺后，肌(ji)肉豐滿緊密、有堅實(shi)感、顏色鮮(xian)艷、光(guang)澤潤(run)滑、水嫩多汁、紅色均勻，用手觸(chu)摸濕潤(run)不粘手、肌(ji)纖維(wei)韌(ren)性(xing)強、有彈性(xing)，胴體表(biao)面被覆一層薄薄的(de)(de)白色、均勻的(de)(de)脂(zhi)肪分布，有輕微(wei)的(de)(de)膻味，無(wu)其(qi)他異(yi)味。煮(zhu)沸后的(de)(de)羊(yang)(yang)肉湯澄清透明，羊(yang)(yang)脂(zhi)團浮聚于(yu)湯表(biao)面，香氣四溢，風(feng)味十足，具有鮮(xian)、香、濃等特色，品嘗過美姑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)湯鍋的(de)(de)人都對其(qi)贊不絕口。

（2）美(mei)姑(gu)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)內在(zai)品(pin)質指標和(he)風味特(te)(te)征：美(mei)姑(gu)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)（后腿肌肉(rou)）經農業部食品(pin)質量監(jian)督檢驗測試中心(xin)（成(cheng)都）進行了(le)測定和(he)分(fen)(fen)析，結果表明(ming)：美(mei)姑(gu)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)品(pin)質好，營養豐富(fu)(fu)，水分(fen)(fen)含(han)量為(wei)74.73%，肌肉(rou)中粗蛋(dan)(dan)白含(han)量達22.3%，粗脂肪含(han)量達3.72%，灰分(fen)(fen)含(han)量達0.97%。膽(dan)固醇含(han)量為(wei)41.7㎎/100g，明(ming)顯低于84.62%的(de)其(qi)他山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)在(zai)成(cheng)都檢測的(de)平均數(shu)；富(fu)(fu)含(han)17種氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，其(qi)中天冬門氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)2.26%、蘇氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.96%、絲氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.79%、谷(gu)氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)3.75%、甘氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.25%、丙氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.52%、胱氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.050%、纈氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.12%、蛋(dan)(dan)氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.56%、異亮氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.06%、亮氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.83%、酪氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.78%、苯丙氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.91%、賴(lai)氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)2.10%、組氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.58%、精(jing)氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.56%、脯氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.95%，氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)總量22.1%，氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)含(han)量比其(qi)他山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)的(de)平均數(shu)21.63%略高。屠宰(zai)率高且鮮(xian)肉(rou)色澤純(chun)正，具(ju)有(you)清香味；熟肉(rou)肉(rou)質細嫩鮮(xian)美(mei)；膻味小，肉(rou)湯香味濃(nong)郁(yu)，風味獨特(te)(te)。