四殿(dian)仵官王所管轄的(de)地(di)方(fang)叫“合(he)大地(di)獄”,位于(yu)大海之底、正東方(fang)沃燋石下。四殿(dian)閻君,懲罰的(de)是生前樂行殺、盜、邪行三業的(de)惡徒(tu)。此地(di)獄縱橫八千里,另設有十(shi)六個小地(di)獄。
十(shi)六個小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)分別(bie)為(wei):一、池小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);二(er)、蝥鏈竹簽小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);三、沸(fei)湯澆手小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);四、掌畔流(liu)液小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);五、斷筋剔骨小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);六、堰肩刷(shua)皮小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);七、鎖膚小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);八、蹲峰小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);九、鐵衣小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)、木(mu)石土瓦壓小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)一、劍眼(yan)小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)二(er)、飛灰塞口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)三、灌藥小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)四、油滑跌小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)五、刺嘴小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)六、碎石埋身小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。
東晉時期帛尸梨蜜多羅(luo)譯《佛說大(da)灌頂(ding)神咒經》中記(ji)載有(you)五(wu)官(guan),司掌佛教殺、盜、淫(yin)、妄語、酒五(wu)戒(jie):“閻羅(luo)王者主領世間名籍之(zhi)記(ji)。若(ruo)人為惡作(zuo)諸非法、無(wu)孝順(shun)心造(zao)作(zuo)五(wu)逆、破滅三寶無(wu)君(jun)臣法,又(you)有(you)眾生不持五(wu)戒(jie)不信正法,設有(you)受者多所毀犯,于是地下鬼神及伺候者奏上五(wu)官(guan)。五(wu)官(guan)料簡除死定(ding)生,或(huo)注錄精神未判(pan)是非。若(ruo)已(yi)定(ding)者奏上閻羅(luo),閻羅(luo)監察隨罪輕重考而治之(zhi)。(注釋:此處為五(wu)官(guan)王的(de)(de)最早記(ji)錄來源之(zhi)一,有(you)明(ming)確的(de)(de)史(shi)料記(ji)載。)
據唐代《地藏菩薩發心因緣十王(wang)(wang)(wang)經》與《預修十王(wang)(wang)(wang)生七(qi)經》所(suo)載(zai)記載(zai):五官(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)冥(ming)界十王(wang)(wang)(wang)之第(di)(di)四王(wang)(wang)(wang)。即于(yu)三江間建大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian),治眾生妄語罪(zui)的(de)冥(ming)官(guan)。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)左(zuo)右(you)各有(you)一(yi)舍(she)(she),左(zuo)秤(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)舍(she)(she),右(you)勘錄舍(she)(she)。左(zuo)有(you)高臺(tai)(tai),臺(tai)(tai)上有(you)秤(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)幢,業(ye)(ye)匠構巧,懸七(qi)秤(cheng)(cheng)量(liang),身口七(qi)罪(zui)為紀輕重。意業(ye)(ye)所(suo)作(zuo)不懸秤(cheng)(cheng)量(liang),次(ci)至鏡臺(tai)(tai)當見鏡影。第(di)(di)四七(qi)日(ri)過五官(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)。五官(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)依案審閱亡(wang)(wang)者善(shan)惡的(de)卷(juan)宗(zong),亡(wang)(wang)者帶枷(jia)待判,前(qian)有(you)衡量(liang)亡(wang)(wang)人善(shan)惡的(de)業(ye)(ye)秤(cheng)(cheng)。贊曰:五官(guan)業(ye)(ye)秤(cheng)(cheng)向空懸,左(zuo)右(you)雙童業(ye)(ye)簿全。轉(zhuan)重豈(qi)由情所(suo)愿,囗(wei)昂自任昔因緣。(注釋:大(da)(da)體意思(si)是人在死后四七(qi)日(ri)到五官(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)接受(shou)審判,大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)中間有(you)一(yi)桿業(ye)(ye)秤(cheng)(cheng),大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)左(zuo)右(you)各有(you)一(yi)間房(fang),左(zuo)邊房(fang)間負責稱(cheng)量(liang),右(you)邊負責記錄,五官(guan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)根據亡(wang)(wang)者罪(zui)業(ye)(ye)審理(li)亡(wang)(wang)者卷(juan)宗(zong)。)
據(ju)晚唐至五代時(shi)期道明(ming)和尚所撰《佛(fo)說(shuo)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)(jing)》記載:佛(fo)在鳩(jiu)尸那城阿維跋提(ti)河邊娑(suo)羅(luo)雙樹間(jian),臨涅槃時(shi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)諸菩薩(sa)、摩訶薩(sa)、天(tian)龍神王(wang)、四大(da)天(tian)王(wang)、閻羅(luo)天(tian)子(zi)、太山府君、司命(ming)司錄、五道大(da)神、地獄典官等(deng)授(shou)記說(shuo)法。佛(fo)告大(da)眾(zhong)閻羅(luo)天(tian)子(zi)于(yu)未來(lai)世作(zuo)(zuo)佛(fo),多生(sheng)習善為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)犯戒故,退落琰摩天(tian)中(zhong),作(zuo)(zuo)大(da)魔(mo)王(wang),管攝諸鬼(gui),科(ke)斷閻浮提(ti)內十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)惡五逆一(yi)(yi)切罪人(ren)。勸眾(zhong)生(sheng)造(zao)此(ci)經(jing)(jing)及諸尊像(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)薦(jian)拔(ba)亡(wang)(wang)魂(hun)、七七修齋(zhai)造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)報(bao)父母恩,令得升天(tian)。人(ren)死(si)后從頭七、二七直(zhi)至七七,百日(ri)、一(yi)(yi)年、三年,亡(wang)(wang)魂(hun)將逐(zhu)一(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)過十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)殿,亡(wang)(wang)人(ren)家屬須祈(qi)請十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)齋(zhai)修福,寫經(jing)(jing)造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang),便可拔(ba)除亡(wang)(wang)魂(hun)罪業,使之“不(bu)生(sheng)三惡涂(途),不(bu)入一(yi)(yi)切諸大(da)地獄”,而(er)往生(sheng)天(tian)道。過十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)若(ruo)闕一(yi)(yi)齋(zhai),則滯在一(yi)(yi)王(wang),留連(lian)受(shou)苦一(yi)(yi)年。若(ruo)生(sheng)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己預(yu)修七齋(zhai),于(yu)每(mei)月十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五、三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)兩(liang)(liang)天(tian)持齋(zhai),供(gong)養三寶,祈(qi)設十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang),修名納狀,奏上六曹,如此(ci)則死(si)后可配生(sheng)快樂之處,不(bu)住中(zhong)陰四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九日(ri),不(bu)待男(nan)女追(zhui)救命(ming)。(注釋:《佛(fo)說(shuo)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)(jing)》,《地藏(zang)菩薩(sa)發心因緣十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)(jing)》都(dou)(dou)統稱十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)(jing),兩(liang)(liang)本皆題為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“成都(dou)(dou)府大(da)圣慈恩寺(si)沙門藏(zang)川(chuan)述”,《佛(fo)說(shuo)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)(jing)》內容(rong)(rong)偏(pian)重度亡(wang)(wang),《地藏(zang)菩薩(sa)發心因緣十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)(jing)》其內容(rong)(rong)偏(pian)重生(sheng)人(ren)預(yu)修。)
據北宋時期沙(sha)門常謹(jin)所(suo)撰《地藏菩薩靈驗記(ji)》卷29中(zhong)云:“沙(sha)門智佑是(shi)西印度人(ren)也(ye),天(tian)福年中(zhong)(936~943年)來自西(原文作“來至而”),住清泰寺,所(suo)持像經(jing)中(zhong),有(you)地藏菩薩變相(xiang)并(bing)本愿功(gong)德經(jing)梵夾,其像相(xiang)者,中(zhong)央圓輪中(zhong)畫菩薩像,冠(guan)帽(mao)持寶錫,左右有(you)十王(wang)(wang)像各(ge)五(wu)(wu)人(ren),左五(wu)(wu)者:一(yi)泰(秦)廣王(wang)(wang)、二(er)初江王(wang)(wang)、三宗(zong)(宋)帝王(wang)(wang)、四(si)五(wu)(wu)官王(wang)(wang)、五(wu)(wu)閻羅大王(wang)(wang);右五(wu)(wu)者:一(yi)變成王(wang)(wang)、二(er)太(tai)山王(wang)(wang)、三平等王(wang)(wang)、四(si)都市王(wang)(wang)、五(wu)(wu)五(wu)(wu)道(dao)轉(zhuan)輪王(wang)(wang),一(yi)一(yi)各(ge)具(ju)司(si)命、司(si)錄、府君、典官等。