中國神話

盤古神話,西王母神話

神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)是(shi)人類早期歷(li)史(shi)的活(huo)化石(shi)，是(shi)人類各(ge)共(gong)同(tong)體集體創造(zao)、代(dai)代(dai)相承的一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)超(chao)自(zi)然(ran)形象(xiang)為(wei)(wei)主人公、以(yi)特(te)定宗教信仰為(wei)(wei)內(nei)核并為(wei)(wei)其(qi)服務的神(shen)(shen)(shen)圣敘事。它既(ji)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)經典(dian)性的文(wen)學(xue)體裁，也(ye)是(shi)遠古人類的知識體系和信仰體系。中(zhong)國(guo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)指古往今(jin)來生活(huo)于這(zhe)片土地之上(shang)的各(ge)個民族創造(zao)的全(quan)部神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)的集合。按照其(qi)表現的內(nei)容可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)六大類：宇(yu)宙起源(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、人類起源(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、洪水再生神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)和其(qi)他(ta)災難神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、族群起源(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、文(wen)化發(fa)明(ming)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、戰爭神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)。其(qi)中(zhong)，盤古神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、邵原神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)群（盤古開天辟地、女(nv)媧(wa)摶土造(zao)人、女(nv)媧(wa)煉石(shi)補(bu)天、軒轅祭天與戰神(shen)(shen)(shen)蚩尤、伏羲演八卦、神(shen)(shen)(shen)農嘗(chang)百(bai)草播五(wu)谷、顓頊與共(gong)工(gong)、大禹治水）、西王(wang)母神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)等神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)被列入中(zhong)國(guo)非物質(zhi)文(wen)化遺產名(ming)錄。

民間傳說

梁祝傳說,白蛇傳傳說,牛郎織女傳說,孟姜女傳說

民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)圍(wei)繞客觀實(shi)在物(wu)(wu)，運用(yong)文(wen)(wen)學表現手法和歷(li)(li)史(shi)表達方(fang)(fang)式(shi)構建(jian)出來的(de)(de)(de)，具(ju)有審美(mei)意味(wei)的(de)(de)(de)散文(wen)(wen)體口(kou)頭敘(xu)事文(wen)(wen)學。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)物(wu)(wu)往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)(shi)歷(li)(li)史(shi)上實(shi)有的(de)(de)(de)，在敘(xu)述該人(ren)物(wu)(wu)活(huo)動時，敘(xu)述者往(wang)往(wang)用(yong)親眼(yan)所見、親耳所聞(wen)來加重其內(nei)容(rong)的(de)(de)(de)可信性。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)分(fen)為：人(ren)物(wu)(wu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、史(shi)事傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、地方(fang)(fang)風(feng)(feng)物(wu)(wu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、風(feng)(feng)俗傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)五大類。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)對人(ren)類文(wen)(wen)化(hua)多樣性文(wen)(wen)明(ming)發展(zhan)有巨(ju)大貢獻，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)顆璀璨明(ming)珠。作為民(min)(min)(min)(min)眾生活(huo)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)重要組成部分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，不僅以它特有的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)保存民(min)(min)(min)(min)眾的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史(shi)，而且在大力發展(zhan)旅游(you)事業的(de)(de)(de)今天，民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)仍然(ran)能夠發揮(hui)重要的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)。其中(zhong)(zhong)梁祝傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、白蛇傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、牛郎(lang)織女(nv)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、孟姜女(nv)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)四(si)大民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，也是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質文(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)名錄(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)有代(dai)表性的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。

民間故事

走馬鎮民間故事,伍家溝民間故事

中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事是廣大民(min)(min)(min)眾(zhong)創作并(bing)傳(chuan)承的(de)(de)反映人(ren)類社會生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)以及民(min)(min)(min)眾(zhong)理(li)想愿望的(de)(de)口頭文(wen)學作品。自20世紀(ji)90年代(dai)(dai)以來，《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事集成》各省卷(juan)開(kai)始陸續出版，至目前已全部出齊。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事簡要分(fen)為四(si)大門類：幻想故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事、生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事、民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)笑話、民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)寓言。其中(zhong)幻想故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事占(zhan)了中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事的(de)(de)一(yi)半，如田螺姑娘、神筆、猴子撈月、稻草人(ren)等(deng)。在中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)，民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事的(de)(de)分(fen)布范圍極廣，每個(ge)地(di)區都有諸多著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事。為此在中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)非物質文(wen)化遺(yi)產名(ming)錄中(zhong)也將一(yi)些極具代(dai)(dai)表性(xing)的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事地(di)區及著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事講(jiang)述家，列入了保護范圍。如走馬(ma)鎮民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(走馬(ma)鎮工農村被(bei)列為“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事村”)、伍家溝民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事、譚振山(shan)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事、滿(man)族民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事、錫伯(bo)族民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事、回族民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事、鄂(e)溫克族民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事等(deng)。

中國英雄史詩

格薩爾,瑪納斯,江格爾

史詩(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)古老而源(yuan)遠流長的(de)(de)(de)韻(yun)體敘事文(wen)學樣式(shi)，一(yi)種(zhong)專門描(miao)寫民(min)族起源(yuan)、民(min)族遷徙、民(min)族戰(zhan)爭(zheng)、民(min)族英雄(xiong)的(de)(de)(de)不朽業績等(deng)傳說的(de)(de)(de)長篇民(min)間敘事詩(shi)(shi)，是(shi)(shi)原(yuan)始社(she)(she)會或奴隸(li)社(she)(she)會民(min)族歷史的(de)(de)(de)形象化記(ji)載，是(shi)(shi)“詩(shi)(shi)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)歷史”，可以視為某(mou)一(yi)民(min)族早(zao)期生活的(de)(de)(de)百科(ke)全書。中(zhong)(zhong)國史詩(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)類別有創世史詩(shi)(shi)、遷徙史詩(shi)(shi)、英雄(xiong)史詩(shi)(shi)，其中(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)國少數民(min)族的(de)(de)(de)三大(da)史詩(shi)(shi)——藏族《格薩爾(er)(er)》、蒙古族《江格爾(er)(er)》和柯爾(er)(er)克孜族《瑪納(na)斯(si)》，是(shi)(shi)公認的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國偉大(da)英雄(xiong)史詩(shi)(shi)，已經引起國內外(wai)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)注。《格薩（斯(si)）爾(er)(er)》《江格爾(er)(er)》《瑪納(na)斯(si)》均被列入第(di)一(yi)批(pi)國家級非物(wu)質文(wen)化遺產(chan)(chan)代(dai)表性(xing)項(xiang)目名錄，其中(zhong)(zhong)，《瑪納(na)斯(si)》和《格薩（斯(si)）爾(er)(er)》被列入聯(lian)合國教科(ke)文(wen)組織《保護(hu)非物(wu)質文(wen)化遺產(chan)(chan)公約(yue)》人類非物(wu)質文(wen)化遺產(chan)(chan)代(dai)表作名錄。

童謠

北京童謠,閩南童謠,納西族童謠

童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，也被稱作(zuo)兒歌，指傳(chuan)唱于(yu)兒童之口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沒有(you)樂譜的(de)(de)(de)(de)歌謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，是(shi)流(liu)傳(chuan)于(yu)全國各地的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種由(you)特(te)殊群體念唱、傳(chuan)播，具有(you)特(te)殊意義的(de)(de)(de)(de)民謠(yao)(yao)(yao)種類。童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)我(wo)國已(yi)有(you)千(qian)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史，歷朝官修正史及雜傳(chuan)、筆記、小說中(zhong)不乏(fa)童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記錄(lu)。童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)主要(yao)有(you)書(shu)面、口(kou)頭(tou)兩種傳(chuan)承方式，其(qi)語(yu)言淺(qian)顯易懂，內容樸實自然，是(shi)民間(jian)文(wen)學藝術的(de)(de)(de)(de)優秀(xiu)代表(biao)。童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)中(zhong)積淀(dian)了優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民族(zu)文(wen)化，蘊涵著(zhu)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育內容。我(wo)國童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)中(zhong)北京(jing)童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、閩南童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、紹興童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、納西族(zu)童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)入選(xuan)國家級非物質文(wen)化遺產(chan)名錄(lu)，長沙(sha)童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)等被列入湖南省級非遺項目名錄(lu)。其(qi)中(zhong)，北京(jing)童謠(yao)(yao)(yao)表(biao)現(xian)了各時(shi)期北京(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)城市性格和(he)北京(jing)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)思想感情，承載著(zhu)我(wo)國幾千(qian)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史，代表(biao)作(zuo)有(you)《東直門掛(gua)著(zhu)匾》《大頭(tou)兒大》《一園青菜成了精》《過水面》《風婆婆》《金箍嚕棒》等。

諺語

滬諺,陜北民諺

諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)是(shi)千百年來流傳在人(ren)民大眾口(kou)頭上相對(dui)固定成型而短小精煉的語(yu)句，以極其簡單和通俗(su)易懂的言辭說明一個深刻的道理，是(shi)中國(guo)民間文(wen)學重(zhong)要組(zu)成部分，也是(shi)中華民族寶貴的非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)產之一。諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)反(fan)映(ying)了(le)勞(lao)動人(ren)民的生活實踐(jian)經驗，口(kou)語(yu)性強，通俗(su)易懂，反(fan)映(ying)的內容涉及社會生活的各個方面。諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)按類型可以分為生活諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)、農(nong)業(ye)諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)、風土諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)、時(shi)政諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)。據Maigoo小編了(le)解，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)（滬諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）入選第三批國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)產名錄(lu)，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)（陜北民諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）入選第四批國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)產名錄(lu)，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)（哈(ha)薩克族諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)）入選第五批國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)產名錄(lu)，還有部分地級(ji)市諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)入選省市級(ji)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)產名錄(lu)。

歌謠

劉三姐歌謠,苗族古歌,土家族哭嫁歌

民(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，是(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)間文學體裁之一(yi)，是(shi)(shi)篇幅短小，以(yi)抒情為主的(de)民(min)(min)(min)間詩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)總稱，也是(shi)(shi)中國民(min)(min)(min)間文學重要組成部(bu)分(fen)(fen)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)由“民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)”和“民(min)(min)(min)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)”兩部(bu)分(fen)(fen)構成，按內(nei)容分(fen)(fen)，有苦歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、情歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、盤歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、風俗歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、節令歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)，按民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)分(fen)(fen)，有藏(zang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯(zhuang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、侗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)口頭創作，最貼近生活(huo)，直接表達了人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)思想感情和意志愿望，在文學史上(shang)有重要意義。中國非遺民(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)中，有苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、劉三姐歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、布(bu)依族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)盤歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土(tu)家(jia)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)梯瑪(ma)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯(zhuang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)嘹歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土(tu)家(jia)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)哭嫁歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、仫(mu)佬(lao)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)具(ju)有少數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)特色的(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，還有吳歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、桐城歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、酉(you)陽古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、常(chang)山喝彩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、雷州歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)地方特色歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，這些民(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)都入選國家(jia)級非物質(zhi)文化遺產名錄。

民間謎語

澄海燈謎,青林寺謎語

謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)源自中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)代民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)，是(shi)帶有知識(shi)性和趣味性的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)韻文(wen)(wen)(wen)作(zuo)品，也是(shi)一種和游戲娛樂分不開的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)口(kou)頭(tou)語(yu)(yu)(yu)言藝(yi)術，歷(li)經數千年的(de)(de)演變和發展，是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古(gu)代勞(lao)動人民(min)(min)(min)集體智慧創(chuang)造的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)產物，也是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)學重要(yao)組成部分。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)根(gen)據謎(mi)(mi)(mi)底所反映的(de)(de)事(shi)物性質和對象，一般分為(wei)(wei)三(san)大類(lei)：物謎(mi)(mi)(mi)、事(shi)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)、字(zi)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)歷(li)經數千年的(de)(de)演變、發展、完善才(cai)形(xing)成現今(jin)的(de)(de)體系(xi)格局，成為(wei)(wei)廣大人民(min)(min)(min)喜聞樂見(jian)的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)學形(xing)式，并流傳至今(jin)。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)（澄(cheng)海燈謎(mi)(mi)(mi)）入選第(di)二批(pi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)非物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產名(ming)(ming)(ming)錄，青林寺(si)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)入選第(di)一批(pi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)非物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產名(ming)(ming)(ming)錄。此(ci)外，青林寺(si)村(cun)被(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)協命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)村(cun)”，澄(cheng)海被(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)部命(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)燈謎(mi)(mi)(mi)藝(yi)術之鄉”。

民間敘事長詩

孔雀東南飛,阿詩瑪

民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)是(shi)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)文(wen)學體裁之一，為(wei)一種具(ju)有比較完整的(de)(de)故事(shi)情節的(de)(de)韻(yun)文(wen)或(huo)散韻(yun)結合的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)詩(shi)(shi)歌(ge)，也(ye)是(shi)中國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)文(wen)學的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)組成(cheng)部分。民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)是(shi)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)群眾集體創作(zuo)、口頭流傳(chuan)的(de)(de)以第三人(ren)稱進行敘(xu)事(shi)的(de)(de)具(ju)完整故事(shi)情節并注(zhu)重(zhong)人(ren)物刻畫的(de)(de)長(chang)篇(pian)韻(yun)文(wen)或(huo)韻(yun)散相間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)詩(shi)(shi)歌(ge)作(zuo)品，也(ye)稱“故事(shi)歌(ge)”或(huo)“故事(shi)詩(shi)(shi)”。在(zai)中國(guo)非遺項(xiang)目中，也(ye)產生了很多國(guo)家級非遺民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)詩(shi)(shi)，如(ru)云南(nan)石林(lin)彝族敘(xu)事(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)《阿詩(shi)(shi)瑪》、甘肅米東《米拉尕黑》、青海(hai)互(hu)助(zhu)土族民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)《祁家延西》、云南(nan)西雙(shuang)版納傣族《召樹屯(tun)與(yu)喃木諾娜》等，還有聞名遐邇的(de)(de)《孔雀東南(nan)飛》《木蘭辭》，為(wei)我國(guo)古代(dai)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)中璀璨(can)耀眼的(de)(de)“雙(shuang)子星座(zuo)”。

民間說唱

寶卷

民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)是以說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)唱(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形式來(lai)敷演故事(shi)(shi)或刻畫人物形象的(de)(de)(de)(de)口頭文(wen)(wen)學作品，也叫說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)(wen)學，是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)文(wen)(wen)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)部分(fen)(fen)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)同民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)曲藝既有密切的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系，又有明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)區別，不(bu)同于(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)曲藝，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)側重(zhong)于(yu)文(wen)(wen)學方面，主(zhu)要(yao)是從文(wen)(wen)學角(jiao)度探討作為曲藝表演底本的(de)(de)(de)(de)構成(cheng)(cheng)與特(te)點，屬于(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)文(wen)(wen)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)疇(chou)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)從內容和形式上，分(fen)(fen)為唱(chang)故事(shi)(shi)、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)故事(shi)(shi)、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)笑(xiao)話三個類別。我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)歷史悠久，形成(cheng)(cheng)了富有民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)族特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)(de)藝術傳統(tong)。在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)非遺(yi)保護中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)(wen)學以曲藝或者民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)文(wen)(wen)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)名義(yi)進入到各級(ji)非遺(yi)名錄當中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，河西寶(bao)卷(juan)、靖江(jiang)寶(bao)卷(juan)、吳(wu)地(di)寶(bao)卷(juan)、岷縣寶(bao)卷(juan)、楊家將(jiang)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)等入選國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家級(ji)非物質文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)產名錄，成(cheng)(cheng)為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)非物質文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)產重(zhong)要(yao)組成(cheng)(cheng)部分(fen)(fen)。尤其是寶(bao)卷(juan)，是一種綜合(he)文(wen)(wen)學、音樂、表演于(yu)一體的(de)(de)(de)(de)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)(wen)學，被稱為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)俗文(wen)(wen)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)“活化石”。

榜單聲明：中國(guo)十大非(fei)物質文化(hua)遺產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)民間文學(xue)排(pai)行(xing)榜，是Maigoo小編(bian)主(zhu)要依據國(guo)內國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)非(fei)物質文化(hua)遺產(chan)之民間文學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)、藝(yi)術、科學(xue)價值(zhi)、傳承情況以及在國(guo)內地區的(de)(de)(de)影響力(li)等因素進行(xing)選(xuan)擇，參(can)考聯(lian)合(he)國(guo)教科文組織(zhi)評(ping)選(xuan)的(de)(de)(de)《人類非(fei)物質文化(hua)遺產(chan)代表作名(ming)(ming)錄(lu)》和國(guo)務院批準并(bing)公布的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)非(fei)物質文化(hua)遺產(chan)名(ming)(ming)錄(lu)，并(bing)綜合(he)參(can)考互聯(lian)網相(xiang)關排(pai)行(xing)榜/榜單進行(xing)推薦，名(ming)(ming)單僅供參(can)考，排(pai)名(ming)(ming)不分先后，歡(huan)迎大家(jia)在評(ping)論區留言補充。