【蓄電池容量】蓄電池容量計算公式(shi) 蓄電池容量測試新(xin)技術介紹

蓄電池容量計算公式

容量=放電(dian)電(dian)流×放電(dian)時間

蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)與(yu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)小及電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液的(de)(de)(de)溫度有(you)關(guan)，因此標(biao)稱容量(liang)是在一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流、一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)終止電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液溫度下取得的(de)(de)(de)，標(biao)容量(liang)有(you)兩種。

額定容量

額定容量是指完全充足電的蓄電池在電解液平均溫度30 ℃的(de)情況下，以20小時(shi)率放(fang)電的電流（相(xiang)當于額定容(rong)量(liang)的1/20）連續放電至單體1.75V時(shi)輸出(chu)的(de)電(dian)量。

起動容量

常溫起動容量：指電解液溫度為30 ℃時(shi)，以5min率(lv)放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流（3倍額(e)定(ding)容量(liang)電流）連(lian)續放電至規(gui)定(ding)的終止電壓（6V蓄電(dian)池為4.5V，12V蓄電池為9V）時，所輸出的(de)電(dian)量，其(qi)放電(dian)持續時間應在5min以上

低溫起動容量：電解液溫度為-18℃時(shi)，以(yi)3倍額定容量(liang)的電流連續放電至規定終止電壓（12V蓄電池為(wei)6V，6V蓄電池(chi)為3V）時所放出(chu)的電(dian)量(liang)，其放電(dian)持續時間應在2.5min以上(shang)。

蓄電池容量測試新技術介紹

通訊后備(bei)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)質量(liang)是(shi)通訊網絡供電(dian)不中(zhong)斷的重要(yao)保障，是(shi)整個通訊電(dian)源(yuan)設備(bei)供電(dian)保障，保證(zheng)通訊網絡正(zheng)常運行的最后一道防線。根據蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)特性和(he)維護要(yao)求，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)測試工(gong)作是(shi)必不可少的。

隨著通訊網絡規模的(de)迅猛(meng)發(fa)展，現(xian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)源維護專業技術職員相對較(jiao)少，當前電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量測試(shi)方(fang)式存在(zai)安全隱患，操(cao)縱(zong)復雜，測試(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)量大的(de)題目，致(zhi)使維護規程要(yao)求的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)測試(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)得(de)(de)不到有效落實，落后電(dian)(dian)(dian)池不能及時得(de)(de)到預警和維護，在(zai)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)池往往被(bei)提前報廢，造(zao)成資源浪費。

團體公司、福建公司針對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)聯合進(jin)行研究，導進(jin)了(le)創新(xin)性(xing)的全(quan)在(zai)線電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)，全(quan)面解決了(le)幾十(shi)年(nian)來原電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)中存在(zai)的安(an)全(quan)隱患(huan)題目。

1、當前電池放電技術分析

1.1離線式放電法技術分析

（1）將(jiang)其中一(yi)組(zu)(zu)電(dian)池(chi)脫離系統(tong)后，一(yi)旦市電(dian)中斷(duan)，系統(tong)備用電(dian)池(chi)供電(dian)時間明顯縮(suo)短，何況(kuang)此(ci)時尚(shang)不清楚另(ling)一(yi)組(zu)(zu)在線電(dian)池(chi)是否(fou)存在質(zhi)量題目，此(ci)放(fang)電(dian)方式事故風險(xian)性高。如(ru)要用此(ci)方式放(fang)電(dian)，建議提前啟用發(fa)動機(ji)組(zu)(zu)，并確(que)保發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)、開關電(dian)源等設備能正(zheng)常(chang)運行，保證安全；

（2）離(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結束(shu)后(hou)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)與在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)間存在(zai)較大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)差，若操縱(zong)不當將(jiang)引起開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源和(he)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)對(dui)離(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)進行大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產生巨大火(huo)花(hua)，易發生安(an)全(quan)事故。用此方式放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，需要配備一(yi)臺(tai)整(zheng)(zheng)組(zu)(zu)(zu)智能充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機，對(dui)該(gai)離(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)先充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)恢(hui)復后(hou)再并聯回系統(tong)，以解(jie)決打火(huo)花(hua)題目，這(zhe)樣將(jiang)使系統(tong)更長時間處于單(dan)組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態，事故風險高。另(ling)通過調整(zheng)(zheng)整(zheng)(zheng)流器輸(shu)出與被放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相等后(hou)進行恢(hui)復連(lian)接。上述操縱(zong)一(yi)定(ding)要謹慎操縱(zong)；

（3）此放(fang)電(dian)(dian)方式操縱時既要(yao)脫離電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)的正極(ji)(ji)，又要(yao)脫離電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)的負極(ji)(ji)，尤其是脫離電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)負極(ji)(ji)時需(xu)要(yao)特別小心，操縱不(bu)當引起(qi)負極(ji)(ji)短(duan)路，將造(zao)成系統(tong)供電(dian)(dian)中斷(duan)，導致通訊事故的發生；

（4）此方式是(shi)將電池(chi)通過(guo)假負載以熱量形式消耗，浪費電能，影響(xiang)機房設備運行環境，需要(yao)維護職員時刻(ke)守護以免高溫引發事(shi)故。

1.2在線評估式放電法技術分析

（1）調(diao)整(zheng)整(zheng)流(liu)器輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)至(zhi)保護低(di)壓(ya)(ya)值（如(ru)46V），使所有(you)(you)后備(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組直接對(dui)實際(ji)負荷進行放電(dian)(dian)(dian)至(zhi)整(zheng)流(liu)器輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)保護設(she)(she)置(zhi)值。由(you)于現網系統設(she)(she)備(bei)盡(jin)大多數電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)配置(zhi)后備(bei)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間為1～4h，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大，應考慮電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組至(zhi)設(she)(she)備(bei)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)回(hui)路壓(ya)(ya)降及設(she)(she)備(bei)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)工作門(men)限，以(yi)及保證系統供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)安全，在線評估式放電(dian)(dian)(dian)其調(diao)整(zheng)整(zheng)流(liu)器輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不答應過低(di)（如(ru)46V），放電(dian)(dian)(dian)深度有(you)(you)限，對(dui)實際(ji)負載(zai)的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間把握比較(jiao)困難(nan)，評估電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量難(nan)以(yi)正確，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)性能測試有(you)(you)不確定因素存(cun)在，從而對(dui)保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組活性這一放電(dian)(dian)(dian)測試目的(de)難(nan)以(yi)達到維護預期工作效果(guo)；

（2）假如兩組(zu)電池都有失容(rong)或欠容(rong)、落后等質量(liang)題目，當其放電至整流器輸出(chu)保護值的時(shi)間，不(bu)易被維護職(zhi)員及時(shi)發現(xian)，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)可(ke)能后備(bei)電池容(rong)量(liang)所(suo)剩無幾，存在高風險。在此(ci)(ci)情況下，此(ci)(ci)放電方式比離(li)線放電方式安全性更低；

（3）由(you)于(yu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深(shen)度有(you)限，對保(bao)持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)的(de)活(huo)性這(zhe)一放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)試的(de)目的(de)無法達到，更為關鍵的(de)是(shi)在全容(rong)量(liang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)實踐中(zhong)我們(men)經常發現有(you)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前期(qi)表現正常，但到中(zhong)后期(qi)，有(you)些(xie)落(luo)后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)才開始逐(zhu)步(bu)暴露出(chu)來。這(zhe)一部分落(luo)后單體(ti)，于(yu)此(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)的(de)深(shen)度不夠而沒有(you)被發現。所以我們(men)稱此(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)為在線評(ping)估(gu)式(shi)，它只能大致評(ping)估(gu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)性能，或檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)此(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)可以放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至此(ci)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)時間(jian)(jian)是(shi)非，而無法進一步(bu)檢(jian)查除此(ci)時間(jian)(jian)外究竟(jing)還(huan)能放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)多長時間(jian)(jian)；

（4）組(zu)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不均衡。各組(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)將根據自(zi)身情況(kuang)自(zi)然(ran)分(fen)攤(tan)系統的(de)負荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)來放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，落后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)，內(nei)阻大(da)，分(fen)攤(tan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小，而健康(kang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)，內(nei)阻低(di)，分(fen)攤(tan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)，造成某些落后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)因放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不夠大(da)而無法暴露(lu)出(chu)來的(de)現象，達不到我們進行放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能質量檢測目的(de)。

綜上(shang)所述，在(zai)中心機房蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)必須定期進行(xing)容(rong)量(liang)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)需求(qiu)下，目(mu)前兩(liang)種(zhong)容(rong)量(liang)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方法(fa)，各(ge)有特點又各(ge)有弊端，離線放(fang)電(dian)方法(fa)固(gu)然可以達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)，但是(shi)(shi)工(gong)作量(liang)太大，系統安全(quan)性偏低，而(er)在(zai)線評估(gu)式放(fang)電(dian)方法(fa)固(gu)然工(gong)作量(liang)比較小，但是(shi)(shi)系統安全(quan)性低，達(da)不到(dao)(dao)(dao)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)，潛伏的(de)(de)安全(quan)隱(yin)患大。因此，當前的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)方法(fa)必須改革，現將引(yin)進一種(zhong)全(quan)新的(de)(de)、科學的(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)技(ji)術——全(quan)在(zai)線放(fang)電(dian)技(ji)術，以使(shi)電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)預期維護質(zhi)量(liang)檢測(ce)(ce)效(xiao)果，電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)電(dian)維護操(cao)縱簡便(bian)安全(quan)，進步了維護工(gong)作效(xiao)率(lv)易得到(dao)(dao)(dao)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)落實。

2、全在線放電技術分析

全(quan)在(zai)線放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術指被測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)通(tong)過串(chuan)接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)全(quan)在(zai)線放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)試設備提升在(zai)線供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，以自動穩流或恒(heng)(heng)功率控制輸出，使被測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)對在(zai)線負載設備進(jin)行供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，實現被測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)恒(heng)(heng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)放逐電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)試或恒(heng)(heng)功率放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)試，達(da)到安(an)全(quan)節能(neng)維護效果。

放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)原理(li)如(ru)圖2所(suo)示(shi)(shi)。被測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)全在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原理(li)分析：如(ru)圖2所(suo)示(shi)(shi)，在(zai)被測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)極串聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)全在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備，使被測(ce)組(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所(suo)在(zai)支(zhi)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)略高(gao)出整流器輸出或另一組(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，這樣(yang)就能使該組(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)對(dui)實(shi)際負荷進行放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在(zai)其放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程被測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)隨著(zhu)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)（延(yan)長）而變化(hua)(hua)（逐漸下(xia)降），通過(guo)全在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備進行自動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)補償(chang)調整，保(bao)證被測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)始終(zhong)保(bao)持恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流或恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功率進行放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)終(zhong)止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、容量、時(shi)間和(he)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)達到我們預(yu)期(qi)所(suo)設(she)置的(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)門限(xian)值時(shi)，完成放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)試(shi)。實(shi)現該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)試(shi)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)預(yu)期(qi)維(wei)護效(xiao)果。全在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工作(zuo)原理(li)，如(ru)圖3所(suo)示(shi)(shi)。

圖2全在線放電原理

圖3在線放電工作原(yuan)理圖

2.1在線放電結束后，自動完成在線充電恢復等電位連接

被(bei)測(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)試結束后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)全(quan)在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)(bei)自動進進充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)程(cheng)序，引導在(zai)線開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)整流輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)，經過(guo)全(quan)在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)試設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、等(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位控制保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路自動對被(bei)測(ce)(ce)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)進行限(xian)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，自動完(wan)成在(zai)線等(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位連(lian)接(jie)，根據全(quan)在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)試設(she)備(bei)(bei)系統提(ti)示操縱要求，恢(hui)復系統的(de)正常連(lian)接(jie)后，全(quan)在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)試設(she)備(bei)(bei)退出(chu)(chu)服務，完(wan)成結束蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)全(quan)在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)恢(hui)復等(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位正常連(lian)接(jie)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)。另一組(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池以同樣的(de)方式進行在(zai)線放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量測(ce)(ce)試。如圖4所示。

圖4在線充電自動控制(zhi)等(deng)電位(wei)連接工作(zuo)原理圖

2.2在線放電“無縫連接”技術

為確保電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)測試的安(an)全性，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)全在線放電(dian)(dian)設備在串聯接進電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)正(zheng)極(ji)時要(yao)求(qiu)以無縫連(lian)接方(fang)式，如(ru)圖5所示。

圖5在線放電容(rong)量測(ce)試接線圖

電(dian)(dian)池組在(zai)線(xian)放電(dian)(dian)測(ce)試(shi)無(wu)縫連接操縱，“設備(bei)”接進(jin)應遵守(shou)“先接三(san)，后(hou)(hou)拆(chai)一(yi)”，即為先接電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)L1、L2、L3，后(hou)(hou)拆(chai)原電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)連接線(xian)L5；“設備(bei)”成測(ce)試(shi)退出服務(wu)，應遵守(shou)“先接一(yi)，后(hou)(hou)拆(chai)三(san)”的(de)原則，即為先接原電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)連接線(xian)L5，后(hou)(hou)拆(chai)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)L1、L2、L3。

3、在線放電技術與當前放電技術對比分析

3.1與離線放電技術對比分析

（1）放電過程最大(da)限度保證電池組備(bei)用(yong)電能，最大(da)限度降低放電測試造成系統癱瘓的風險；

（2）電(dian)池組放(fang)電(dian)后能(neng)自動進行充(chong)電(dian)恢復，克服離線放(fang)電(dian)后等電(dian)位接(jie)進系統(tong)操(cao)縱難度大及潛伏安全等題目；

（3）電(dian)(dian)池組存儲(chu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)能最(zui)大限(xian)度地得到利(li)用，克服了離線(xian)放電(dian)(dian)能源(yuan)的(de)(de)浪費(fei)，基(ji)本(ben)沒有發熱現象，不存在高溫的(de)(de)危險，不影響機房環境溫度；

（4）僅在(zai)電池組的(de)正(zheng)極進行(xing)無縫連接操(cao)(cao)縱，避(bi)免(mian)了離線(xian)放(fang)電因(yin)操(cao)(cao)縱不當引起的(de)短路風(feng)險；

（5）該設備(bei)一旦串聯(lian)接進(jin)(jin)電(dian)池(chi)組的正極(ji)，設定相關放(fang)(fang)電(dian)參(can)數后，所(suo)有放(fang)(fang)電(dian)充電(dian)工作(zuo)(zuo)自動完(wan)成，維(wei)護職員可(ke)以進(jin)(jin)行其(qi)它工作(zuo)(zuo)，降低(di)工作(zuo)(zuo)強度，進(jin)(jin)步工作(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)率。

3.2與在線評估式放電技術對比分析

（1）全(quan)在線(xian)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式能夠達到深度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)持(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池活性及(ji)檢測(ce)落后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的放電(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)試目的，充分把(ba)握電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組剩余容量和后(hou)備供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間；

（2）在放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)最大限(xian)(xian)度地(di)保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組備用電(dian)(dian)(dian)能，最大限(xian)(xian)度地(di)降低了容量測試造成系(xi)統癱瘓的風險；

（3）全(quan)在線(xian)放電方式能(neng)夠實現各組(zu)電池以相(xiang)同電流進行分組(zu)放電，任何(he)落后(hou)單(dan)體(ti)電池都能(neng)暴露出來，克服了在線(xian)評(ping)估式放電的局限性；

（4）全在(zai)線(xian)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)一旦串聯接進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組的正極，設定相關放電(dian)(dian)(dian)參數(shu)后，所有放電(dian)(dian)(dian)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)工作(zuo)自(zi)動完成，維護(hu)職(zhi)員可(ke)以進(jin)行其它工作(zuo)，降低工作(zuo)強度，進(jin)步工作(zuo)效(xiao)率。