一、功率表是什么意思
功率表也(ye)叫瓦(wa)特(te)表,是一種測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)電功(gong)(gong)(gong)率的儀器(qi),它(ta)通過多種方法來計(ji)(ji)算出被測(ce)(ce)元件(jian)消耗(hao)的電能(neng),并求出其對應的功(gong)(gong)(gong)率值(zhi)。功(gong)(gong)(gong)率表可以(yi)用(yong)于(yu)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)交流(liu)電路和(he)直流(liu)電路中(zhong)的功(gong)(gong)(gong)率,幫助我們了解電路中(zhong)各種元器(qi)件(jian)的工作狀況。在(zai)直流(liu)電路中(zhong),功(gong)(gong)(gong)率表會利用(yong)電阻式(shi)、熱敏電阻式(shi)等傳感器(qi)進(jin)行(xing)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang);而在(zai)交流(liu)電路中(zhong),功(gong)(gong)(gong)率表則需(xu)要考慮相位差等因素(su),采用(yong)電壓(ya)電流(liu)相乘或者(zhe)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率積(ji)分等方法進(jin)行(xing)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率計(ji)(ji)算。
二、功率表測量的是什么功率
功率表測量的是電路中的有功功率。有功功率是指電路中真正的功率消耗,也稱為實際有用功率,如電動機輸出的機械功,或者燈泡發出的光能。有功(gong)功(gong)率與電壓和電流的相位差有關。當電壓和電流波形完全相同時,有功功率最大,當相位差為90度時,有功功率為0。
三、功率表可以測量視在功率嗎
功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)表既可以(yi)測量有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv),也(ye)可以(yi)測量視在功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)。視在功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)是(shi)指(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)的總功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv),包括有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)和(he)無功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)。無功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)是(shi)指(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)產生的電(dian)磁(ci)場能量,不能被直接用于做功(gong)(gong)(gong),但(dan)是(shi)會對電(dian)路(lu)造成影響。
在(zai)交(jiao)流電路中(zhong),有功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)和視在(zai)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)之間存在(zai)一定的(de)關系。它(ta)們的(de)比值稱為功(gong)(gong)率(lv)因數(shu)(shu),通常用(yong)cosθ表示,其中(zhong)θ是(shi)(shi)電壓和電流的(de)相位差(cha)。功(gong)(gong)率(lv)因數(shu)(shu)越高,表示電路的(de)效率(lv)越高,也就是(shi)(shi)說(shuo),更多的(de)能量被用(yong)于(yu)做功(gong)(gong)而(er)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)浪(lang)費。
四、功率表是怎么測量有功功率的
很簡單,功率表就(jiu)是(shi)通過(guo)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來計算的(de)。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表示電(dian)(dian)路中的(de)電(dian)(dian)勢(shi)差,電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表示電(dian)(dian)路中電(dian)(dian)荷的(de)流(liu)(liu)動速度。這兩個值乘(cheng)起來就(jiu)可以得到功率。
當然,這(zhe)只是一般情況。在一些特(te)殊的電(dian)路中,比如包(bao)含(han)電(dian)容或電(dian)感(gan)的電(dian)路,電(dian)壓和(he)電(dian)流(liu)可(ke)能存在相位差,這(zhe)時有功功率就不是電(dian)壓和(he)電(dian)流(liu)的簡單乘(cheng)積了(le)。
功率表測量有功功率的(de)方法主(zhu)要有兩種(zhong):
1、直接測量法:對(dui)于一(yi)些(xie)低壓小(xiao)功(gong)率的(de)電路,可以直接用功(gong)率表測量電壓和(he)電流(liu),然后通(tong)過計算得到功(gong)率。
2、間接測量法:對于一些高壓大功(gong)率的電(dian)(dian)路,需要用電(dian)(dian)流互(hu)感器和電(dian)(dian)壓互(hu)感器來降低電(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)流,再用功(gong)率表測量。