勞(lao)動合同有(you)什(shen)么用？勞(lao)動合同簽訂要注意什(shen)么？

勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)是產(chan)生勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)法律(lv)關(guan)系的(de)法律(lv)事實，是建(jian)立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)系的(de)基本形式。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)同(tong)用人單(dan)位訂立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)，對于(yu)保(bao)障勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)的(de)合(he)(he)法權益，合(he)(he)理(li)使用勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)，增強企業活力(li)，發揮(hui)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)的(de)積(ji)極性和創造性，提(ti)高勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生產(chan)率，促進社(she)會主(zhu)(zhu)義現(xian)代化(hua)建(jian)設(she)，都有(you)重要的(de)作用，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)的(de)作用主(zhu)(zhu)要表現(xian)在以(yi)下幾方面(mian)：

(1)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)重要(yao)保障(zhang)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)(quan)是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)獲(huo)(huo)得(de)職業(ye)的(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)利(li)。它是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)生存的(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)利(li)。我國(guo)憲(xian)法規定：“中華人民共和(he)國(guo)公民有勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)利(li)和(he)義務(wu)。”國(guo)家(jia)通(tong)過憲(xian)法和(he)法律(lv)保障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)(quan)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)是保障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)法律(lv)形式。它可以將國(guo)家(jia)規定的(de)(de)客觀勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)(quan)變為勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)主(zhu)觀勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)(quan)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)訂(ding)立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)，意(yi)味著勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)在合(he)(he)同(tong)期限內獲(huo)(huo)得(de)有保障(zhang)的(de)(de)工作，用(yong)人單位不得(de)無故(gu)解除勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)。國(guo)家(jia)通(tong)過促(cu)進(jin)經濟和(he)社會(hui)發展(zhan)，創造就(jiu)業(ye)條(tiao)件(jian)，擴大就(jiu)業(ye)機會(hui)，保障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)(quan)。

(2)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)是用(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)合(he)理使用(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)、鞏固勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀律、提高勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生產(chan)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)手(shou)段(duan)。用(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)可以(yi)根據生產(chan)經營或工作需要(yao)(yao)(yao)確定(ding)招收(shou)錄用(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)、條件、方式(shi)和(he)數量，并且通(tong)過與勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)簽(qian)訂不同(tong)(tong)類型、不同(tong)(tong)期限的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)，發(fa)揮勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專長，做到人(ren)(ren)(ren)盡其才，合(he)理使用(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)。用(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)享(xiang)有(you)依(yi)法訂立、變更、解除、終止勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自主(zhu)權，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)能(neng)進(jin)能(neng)出，可以(yi)促進(jin)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)流(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，優化(hua)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)資源配置。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)規定(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)必須(xu)遵(zun)守其所在單(dan)位(wei)(wei)內部勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)規則(ze)和(he)其他(ta)規章制度，有(you)利于鞏固勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀律。簽(qian)訂勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)之一是為了提高勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生產(chan)率。只(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)認真履(lv)行勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)，就(jiu)能(neng)調動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)廣大勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)積極性，促進(jin)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生產(chan)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高。

(3)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合同是(shi)減少(shao)和(he)防止(zhi)發(fa)生勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)爭(zheng)議的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)措施。在我(wo)國社會(hui)主義制度下，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者同用人單位的(de)(de)(de)根本利益是(shi)一致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)，但是(shi)由于種(zhong)種(zhong)原因也會(hui)產生矛(mao)盾(dun)，發(fa)生勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)爭(zheng)議。簽訂勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合同，明確規定當事人雙(shuang)方的(de)(de)(de)權(quan)利和(he)義務，有助于提(ti)高雙(shuang)方履(lv)行合同的(de)(de)(de)自覺性，促使他們(men)正確地行使權(quan)利，嚴格地履(lv)行義務。這樣(yang)，就(jiu)可以減少(shao)和(he)防止(zhi)發(fa)生勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)爭(zheng)議。

普通員工簽訂注意事項

一、勞動合同簽訂的時間

自用工(gong)之日起一個月內訂立書(shu)面勞(lao)(lao)動合同(tong)即(ji)可。否則(ze)用人單位須向勞(lao)(lao)動者(zhe)支付雙倍工(gong)資。自用工(gong)之日起超過一年未與勞(lao)(lao)動者(zhe)簽訂書(shu)面勞(lao)(lao)動合同(tong)的(de)，視(shi)為雙方已(yi)經形成(cheng)無固(gu)定期限勞(lao)(lao)動合同(tong)。

二、勞動合同的期限

勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)有三(san)種：有固定(ding)(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)、無固定(ding)(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)和以完成(cheng)(cheng)一定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)為(wei)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)。所以用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位與勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者在(zai)簽訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)時要根據雙方的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求來(lai)協(xie)商確定(ding)(ding)(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)。同(tong)(tong)時，如果有約(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)試(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)是包含(han)在(zai)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)，若勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)僅約(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)試(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)不成(cheng)(cheng)立，該(gai)(gai)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)為(wei)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)。并且以完成(cheng)(cheng)一定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)為(wei)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)或者勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)不滿3個月的(de)(de)(de)(de)，依照勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)法規定(ding)(ding)(ding)該(gai)(gai)情形不得約(yue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)試(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)。

三、對非(fei)全日制用工要特別注意(yi)

1、非全日制勞動者在(zai)同一用人(ren)單位一般平均每日工作時間不超過(guo)4小時。每周工作時間累計不超過(guo)24小時。

2、非(fei)全日制用(yong)工不得(de)約定試(shi)用(yong)期。

3、非(fei)全日制用工(gong)小時計酬標準不得低于最低小時工(gong)資標準。

4、非全日制用工(gong)勞動報(bao)酬結(jie)算(suan)支付周期最(zui)長不(bu)得超過15日。

5、用人單位必須(xu)為勞動者繳(jiao)納工傷保(bao)險，否則發生工傷事故則要承擔相關(guan)責任。

高級管理人員簽訂注意事項

一、聘任和解聘的問題

對(dui)于(yu)高(gao)級(ji)管理人員(yuan)(yuan)的聘任(ren)(ren)和解(jie)聘不同(tong)于(yu)一般的勞動者，他(ta)主要(yao)是(shi)由《公(gong)司法(fa)》等法(fa)律專門(men)規(gui)定的，如依照公(gong)司法(fa)規(gui)定未經用(yong)人單位董(dong)事會的決(jue)議(yi)，用(yong)人單位是(shi)無(wu)權直接聘任(ren)(ren)或解(jie)聘高(gao)級(ji)管理人員(yuan)(yuan)的。所以(yi)在簽訂勞動合同(tong)時要(yao)規(gui)定明(ming)確(que)，以(yi)便和普通員(yuan)(yuan)工的勞動合同(tong)區別開來。

二、加班費問題

對于高級管理人員來(lai)說，其工作性質是與普(pu)通勞動者不同(tong)的(de)。在(zai)實務中，經常(chang)會有公司(si)的(de)高級管理人員離職以后，向公司(si)要(yao)求給付(fu)加班費的(de)問題(ti)，所以用人單位在(zai)簽(qian)訂勞動合(he)同(tong)時應注意解決這個(ge)問題(ti)。

三、保密條款

由于高級管理人(ren)員會接觸到用(yong)人(ren)單位(wei)的商業(ye)秘密(mi)，所以(yi)為了防止(zhi)高級管理人(ren)員將商業(ye)秘密(mi)泄露給他人(ren)損害用(yong)人(ren)單位(wei)的利益，就(jiu)需要在勞動合同中增加保(bao)密(mi)條(tiao)款(kuan)，并且對違反保(bao)密(mi)條(tiao)款(kuan)時應承擔的責任做好(hao)約定(ding)。

四、競業限制條款

競業(ye)限制是用(yong)(yong)人單(dan)(dan)位(wei)對勞動者在(zai)用(yong)(yong)工時(shi)或終止(zhi)、解(jie)除勞動合同后的一(yi)定期限內不(bu)得經營同類(lei)(lei)(lei)業(ye)務(wu)或在(zai)與(yu)本單(dan)(dan)位(wei)有競爭(zheng)關系(xi)的其他用(yong)(yong)人單(dan)(dan)位(wei)任職，也不(bu)得自己生產與(yu)原(yuan)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)有競爭(zheng)關系(xi)的同類(lei)(lei)(lei)產品或經營同類(lei)(lei)(lei)業(ye)務(wu)。為了更好的保護(hu)用(yong)(yong)人單(dan)(dan)位(wei)的利益，在(zai)與(yu)高級管理(li)人員簽(qian)訂的勞動合同中根據實際(ji)情況添加競業(ye)限制條款。