英(ying)駐蕪領(ling)事署位(wei)于蕪湖市新蕪區范(fan)(fan)羅山。清光緒(xu)三(san)(san)年(nian)(1877年(nian)),英(ying)國人在范(fan)(fan)羅山山腰(yao)至山頂,陸續(xu)監造了(le)3座西(xi)式二層(ceng)樓(lou)房(fang),均(jun)為券廊式磚(zhuan)木結構。其主建(jian)筑(zhu)坐(zuo)北(bei)朝南,面(mian)(mian)闊25.38米(mi),進深(shen)17.10米(mi),高9.70米(mi),建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積近900平方米(mi)。東(dong)、南、西(xi)三(san)(san)面(mian)(mian)均(jun)有(you)深(shen)達3.5米(mi)的拱券回廊,廊柱挺拔,圓券清秀,建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)下部為石砌(qi)基座,廊柱以優質紅磚(zhuan)砌(qi)筑(zhu)。四面(mian)(mian)坡頂采(cai)用(yong)(yong)深(shen)色(se)(se)瓦(wa)楞鐵皮屋面(mian)(mian),配以白(bai)色(se)(se)門廊石柱和(he)(he)連續(xu)拱券,拱頂夾(jia)砌(qi)青磚(zhuan),色(se)(se)彩搭配協調柔和(he)(he)。南面(mian)(mian)有(you)主入(ru)口,東(dong)西(xi)兩側有(you)次入(ru)口,大樓(lou)之間(jian)為八角形大廳,大廳兩面(mian)(mian)各有(you)2間(jian)辦(ban)公用(yong)(yong)房(fang),每(mei)間(jian)皆有(you)壁爐(lu)。大廳后(hou)面(mian)(mian)有(you)裝潢考(kao)究的三(san)(san)折木樓(lou)梯(ti),通往(wang)二樓(lou)領(ling)事官(guan)用(yong)(yong)房(fang)。樓(lou)梯(ti)平臺下側有(you)出(chu)口通往(wang)后(hou)院(yuan)附屬(shu)用(yong)(yong)房(fang),西(xi)北(bei)角另有(you)輔助樓(lou)梯(ti)通往(wang)三(san)(san)層(ceng)閣樓(lou),登(deng)此,可(ke)以通過(guo)6個(ge)老(lao)虎窗觀察(cha)四面(mian)(mian)八方。
第二座為民(min)國(guo)初期建筑。 面(mian)向(xiang)東南,2層樓,6開間,面(mian)闊(kuo)34.4米,進深13.5米,層高(gao)3.5米。紅磚墻,外走廊,長方門,百葉窗(chuang),內有壁爐。
第(di)三座(zuo)也是民(min)國初期建筑(zhu),坐北(bei)朝南(nan),2層樓(lou),7開間,面(mian)寬20米(mi)(mi),進深17.2米(mi)(mi),層高3.5米(mi)(mi)。紅磚墻(qiang),外走(zou)廊(lang),拱券(quan)門,百葉(xie)窗。
英駐蕪領事(shi)署和(he)領事(shi)官(guan)邸(di)開創了蕪湖近代建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)風氣之(zhi)先(xian)。李艷天告(gao)訴記(ji)者,此(ci)類西(xi)洋式建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在我省(sheng)留存很少,它延續了建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)文(wen)化之(zhi)脈絡(luo),設(she)計中(zhong)采用(yong)了中(zhong)西(xi)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)文(wen)化共(gong)存的(de)手(shou)法,建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結構(gou)(gou)使(shi)用(yong)磚木混(hun)合結構(gou)(gou)。精妙的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技藝(yi),耐久的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)材料和(he)經典建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)形(xing)式,和(he)諧(xie)統(tong)一,是外(wai)來文(wen)化與本土文(wen)化碰撞的(de)產物。
清(qing)光緒(xu)二年(nian)(1876),根據《中(zhong)英(ying)(ying)(ying)煙(yan)臺(tai)條約(yue)》,蕪湖(hu)被迫開埠,此后,英(ying)(ying)(ying)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)陸續(xu)在范(fan)羅山(shan)南(nan)坡及附近的(de)雨(yu)耕山(shan)上,依地勢建(jian)(jian)起四幢極具英(ying)(ying)(ying)倫(lun)風格的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),供英(ying)(ying)(ying)國(guo)(guo)駐(zhu)(zhu)蕪領(ling)(ling)事(shi)署及稅務(wu)司使(shi)(shi)用。它(ta)(ta)們分(fen)別是建(jian)(jian)于(yu)1877年(nian)的(de)英(ying)(ying)(ying)國(guo)(guo)駐(zhu)(zhu)蕪領(ling)(ling)事(shi)署領(ling)(ling)事(shi)辦公樓(lou)、建(jian)(jian)于(yu)1887年(nian)的(de)英(ying)(ying)(ying)國(guo)(guo)駐(zhu)(zhu)蕪領(ling)(ling)事(shi)署官邸(di)、建(jian)(jian)于(yu)1912年(nian)的(de)總(zong)稅務(wu)司辦公樓(lou)和建(jian)(jian)于(yu)民國(guo)(guo)初(chu)年(nian)的(de)洋員幫辦樓(lou)。這其中(zhong),英(ying)(ying)(ying)國(guo)(guo)駐(zhu)(zhu)蕪領(ling)(ling)事(shi)署是蕪湖(hu)最(zui)早的(de)近代(dai)西(xi)洋建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),由英(ying)(ying)(ying)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計師精心打造(zao),無論外觀,還是內部設(she)施都(dou)很精美(mei),它(ta)(ta)也是早期一批西(xi)方列強(qiang)在中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)興建(jian)(jian)的(de)使(shi)(shi)館建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。
英(ying)駐蕪領事(shi)(shi)(shi)署辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓坐落于范羅山一(yi)處小山頭(tou)上,相對(dui)獨立于附近其他建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。這幢辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓在(zai)這四幢西(xi)洋建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)中設計得最為(wei)(wei)(wei)精美(mei),做(zuo)工也最為(wei)(wei)(wei)講究(jiu),據說,它的設計圖紙(zhi)和(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工程師均來自英(ying)國(guo)(guo)本土。無論是(shi)(shi)占地(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji),還是(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji),這座辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓都(dou)是(shi)(shi)四幢西(xi)洋建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)中最大的。據《蕪湖(hu)百年建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)》介(jie)紹:“1877年,英(ying)國(guo)(guo)政(zheng)府在(zai)地(di)(di)勢高(gao)敞、林蔭如(ru)蓋的范羅山建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造了領事(shi)(shi)(shi)署辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓。由英(ying)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)師設計,券廊式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。兩層磚木結構,坐北朝南,東(dong)西(xi)對(dui)稱(cheng)。占地(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)466平方(fang)米,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)1190平方(fang)米。東(dong)、西(xi)、南三向(xiang)設有外(wai)廊,青石(shi)砌筑(zhu)露明基座,平面(mian)方(fang)正,典(dian)雅大方(fang),是(shi)(shi)蕪湖(hu)最早的西(xi)洋建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),也是(shi)(shi)安徽省最早的外(wai)國(guo)(guo)領署建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。”另據民國(guo)(guo)八年《灣沚區志》記載:“英(ying)領事(shi)(shi)(shi)署在(zai)范羅山。因《煙臺條約》,于光緒(xu)三年,由英(ying)國(guo)(guo)領事(shi)(shi)(shi)官建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)新(xin)式樓房一(yi)座,四圍(wei)繞以(yi)垣墻,以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)領事(shi)(shi)(shi)官辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)之地(di)(di)。”