簡介
綦(qi)江農民(min)版畫源于明(ming)清年間(jian)的木(mu)板年畫,作(zuo)品(pin)取(qu)材于廣大農民(min)群(qun)眾的生產生活實(shi)踐,表現手法在(zai)簡單傳授繪畫技(ji)法的基礎上(shang),大量吸收了當地民(min)族民(min)間(jian)美術(shu)(shu)技(ji)法,諸如在(zai)民(min)間(jian)廣為流傳的木(mu)雕、石刻、布貼(tie)、挑(tiao)花、木(mu)板年畫、剪紙、藍印花布等(deng)表現手法,具有濃(nong)郁的民(min)族民(min)間(jian)風情和生活氣息。作(zuo)品(pin)突現出(chu)古樸(pu)稚(zhi)拙,夸張(zhang)浪漫(man)的藝術(shu)(shu)效(xiao)果,具有較高的藝術(shu)(shu)價值(zhi)。
綦江(jiang)農民(min)版畫崛起(qi)于20世紀八十年(nian)代(dai),新時期(qi)的農民(min)版畫以民(min)間美術的畫面構成、人物造型、表現手法、色彩運用等藝術語言(yan)作(zuo)為養料,吸(xi)收、消化(hua)并注入(ru)了新的繪畫元素,在(zai)不斷的探索、選擇創造中(zhong),農民(min)版畫獲(huo)得了更大的成功。這個(ge)時期(qi)也(ye)是綦江(jiang)農民(min)版畫歷(li)史上第一個(ge)鼎盛(sheng)時期(qi)。 1985年(nian),四(si)川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)文化(hua)廳、省(sheng)(sheng)美術家協會、重慶市政府授(shou)予綦江(jiang)縣“農民(min)版畫之鄉”的稱號;1988年(nian)2月,中(zhong)國文化(hua)部(bu)將綦江(jiang)縣命名為“中(zhong)國現代(dai)民(min)間繪畫畫鄉”。
21世紀的今(jin)天,綦(qi)江農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)畫(hua)推(tui)陳(chen)出(chu)新,新一代的農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)畫(hua)作(zuo)者茁(zhuo)壯成長(chang),為農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)畫(hua)的發(fa)(fa)展推(tui)波助瀾,使古老(lao)的民(min)(min)(min)間藝術煥發(fa)(fa)出(chu)新的生命(ming)力。從個體農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)畫(hua)工作(zuo)室到成立綦(qi)江農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)畫(hua)院,從草根(gen)文華到成為重(zhong)慶市對外文化交(jiao)流(liu)名片,在兩代農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)畫(hua)作(zuo)者的共同努力下,綦(qi)江農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)畫(hua)蓬勃發(fa)(fa)展。
藝術特色
地處“渝南門戶”的綦(qi)江(jiang),古稱南州。這(zhe)里山川秀美,景觀眾多,歷史文(wen)化積淀豐厚。漢族、苗族、彝(yi)族、土家(jia)族等16個民(min)族聚居在這(zhe)里,使這(zhe)里的民(min)風(feng)民(min)俗具有濃郁(yu)的民(min)族特(te)色。綦(qi)江(jiang)農民(min)版畫是中國民(min)間民(min)族藝術的一朵(duo)奇葩,受(shou)到(dao)國內外美術界的高(gao)度贊(zan)譽。
它(ta)將(jiang)石刻、木(mu)雕(diao)、泥塑、剪紙、挑花(hua)刺繡(xiu)、蠟(la)染(ran)等(deng)(deng)古老的民間工(gong)藝融入版畫之中,使版畫藝術(shu)充滿了生(sheng)動、活潑、亮麗、質(zhi)樸(pu)、稚拙、幽默等(deng)(deng)特點;并將(jiang)藍印(yin)花(hua)布、扎染(ran)、蠟(la)染(ran)、木(mu)雕(diao)、木(mu)板(ban)年(nian)畫、石刻、剪紙、挑花(hua)、刺繡(xiu)等(deng)(deng)傳統(tong)民間藝術(shu)形式(shi)兼收并蓄,更顯(xian)底蘊深(shen)厚。
綦江農民(min)(min)版畫(hua)源于明(ming)清年間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木板年畫(hua),是(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)刀子先在木板上雕刻出圖(tu)畫(hua),再采(cai)用(yong)(yong)人工拓(tuo)印而(er)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)純手工之作(zuo)(zuo),作(zuo)(zuo)品構(gou)圖(tu)明(ming)快(kuai),色(se)彩(cai)艷麗,大都取(qu)材于廣(guang)大農民(min)(min)群眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產生(sheng)(sheng)活實踐,具有濃郁(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)族民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)風情(qing)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)活氣(qi)息(xi),是(shi)(shi)巴渝傳統(tong)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)藝(yi)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特色(se)代表。表現(xian)手法(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)在簡(jian)單傳授(shou)繪畫(hua)技(ji)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上大量吸收了當(dang)地(di)民(min)(min)族民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)美術技(ji)法(fa)(fa),諸如在民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)廣(guang)為流(liu)傳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木雕、石刻、布貼、挑花(hua)、木板年畫(hua)、剪紙、藍(lan)印花(hua)布等表現(xian)手法(fa)(fa),使其(qi)呈現(xian)出古(gu)樸(pu)稚拙(zhuo)、夸張浪漫(man)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)術效果。 綦江農民(min)(min)版畫(hua)不但具有幽(you)默、稚拙(zhuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)趣(qu)和(he)熱情(qing)、奔放、誠摯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)元(yuan)素,而(er)且(qie)還(huan)具有鮮明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個性特征和(he)濃厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鄉土氣(qi)息(xi)。它(ta)與傳統(tong)中國畫(hua)創作(zuo)(zuo)論所主(zhu)(zhu)張的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)境創造,氣(qi)韻貫通,色(se)彩(cai)主(zhu)(zhu)觀意(yi)(yi)向等要素一脈相承。它(ta)摒(bing)棄(qi)寫實主(zhu)(zhu)義,既(ji)非(fei)“天馬(ma)行空”,漫(man)無邊際,又非(fei)隨心所欲(yu),雖(sui)說(shuo)沒(mei)有既(ji)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)法(fa)(fa),但絕(jue)不矯揉(rou)造作(zuo)(zuo)。色(se)彩(cai)構(gou)成自然大方(fang),意(yi)(yi)到(dao)筆到(dao)情(qing)到(dao),伴著創作(zuo)(zuo)者強烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)感,把創作(zuo)(zuo)者對生(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識和(he)熱愛主(zhu)(zhu)觀地(di)融(rong)進畫(hua)中,情(qing)到(dao)深處(chu)畫(hua)面生(sheng)(sheng)姿,意(yi)(yi)趣(qu)盎然。
版畫發展
綦(qi)(qi)江農民(min)(min)版(ban)畫(hua)(hua)崛起于20世紀(ji)80年(nian)代(dai),新(xin)時(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)農民(min)(min)版(ban)畫(hua)(hua)以民(min)(min)間美(mei)術的(de)(de)(de)畫(hua)(hua)面(mian)構成(cheng)(cheng)、人物(wu)造型、表現手法、色彩運用等藝(yi)(yi)術語(yu)言作(zuo)為養料,吸收、消化并(bing)注入了(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)繪(hui)畫(hua)(hua)元(yuan)素,在不斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)探索、選(xuan)擇創造中(zhong),綦(qi)(qi)江農民(min)(min)版(ban)畫(hua)(hua)獲得了(le)更大的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)。這(zhe)(zhe)一古(gu)老(lao)的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)間藝(yi)(yi)術煥發(fa)出了(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命(ming)力,而(er)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)時(shi)期(qi)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)綦(qi)(qi)江農民(min)(min)版(ban)畫(hua)(hua)歷(li)史(shi)上(shang)第一個(ge)鼎盛時(shi)期(qi)。 目前(qian),在社(she)會(hui)主義新(xin)農村建設中(zhong),農民(min)(min)版(ban)畫(hua)(hua)家(jia)們又開始了(le)貼近生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)創作(zuo),《公路(lu)開到家(jia)門(men)口(kou)》、《廣(guang)播(bo)電視村村通》、《文(wen)化下鄉》、《醫療衛(wei)生(sheng)下鄉》等反映農村鄉風文(wen)明(ming)、物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)版(ban)畫(hua)(hua)作(zuo)品,再次(ci)受到文(wen)化藝(yi)(yi)術界的(de)(de)(de)關注:這(zhe)(zhe)些畫(hua)(hua)作(zuo)就是(shi)(shi)一部反映新(xin)時(shi)期(qi)農村經濟社(she)會(hui)發(fa)展(zhan)、人民(min)(min)物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)化生(sheng)活(huo)水平不斷(duan)提(ti)高的(de)(de)(de)紀(ji)錄片,也(ye)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國西(xi)部農民(min)(min)生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)真實寫照。
充(chong)滿鄉土鄉音的(de)(de)(de)綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua),歷經春(chun)秋,長盛(sheng)不衰 。上個世(shi)紀八十年(nian)代(dai)(dai),綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)人在(zai)(zai)傳(chuan)承木板年(nian)畫(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上,為這門古(gu)老(lao)的(de)(de)(de)藝術(shu)(shu)(shu)賦(fu)予(yu)了(le)(le)更加深厚的(de)(de)(de)內涵和(he)藝術(shu)(shu)(shu)語言(yan)。"老(lao)樹綻開新(xin)花",綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)煥(huan)發(fa)出新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)活力。在(zai)(zai)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)市(shi)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)家(jia)協(xie)(xie)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)席牛文,重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)市(shi)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)家(jia)協(xie)(xie)會(hui)(hui)常務副主(zhu)席兼(jian)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)市(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)展(zhan)覽辦公室主(zhu)任朱宣咸等(deng)(deng)著名(ming)(ming)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)家(jia)親臨指導與大力支持下,1983年(nian)12月9日,"綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)縣農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)展(zhan)"在(zai)(zai)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)夫子(zi)池展(zhan)出并獲得(de)成(cheng)功后,1984年(nian)1月在(zai)(zai)北京中國(guo)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)隆重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)展(zhan)出。隨后在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)十八個城市(shi)展(zhan)出,還(huan)漂洋過海,在(zai)(zai)日、美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)、英、加拿大、瑞士、挪威(wei)等(deng)(deng)14個國(guo)家(jia)和(he)地區(qu)展(zhan)出,所到之(zhi)處(chu)深受喜愛,被國(guo)內外博物(wu)館(guan)廣為收(shou)藏。今天(tian),中國(guo)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)館(guan)已經收(shou)藏70多(duo)(duo)幅綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua);榮(rong)獲了(le)(le)國(guo)家(jia)級獎勵80多(duo)(duo)幅/次,省市(shi)級獎勵近(jin)100幅/次,綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)被美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)界稱為"中國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)派";四川(chuan)省文化廳、四川(chuan)省美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)家(jia)協(xie)(xie)會(hui)(hui)、重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)市(shi)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)政府、重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)市(shi)文化局(ju)先后授予(yu)綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)縣 "農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)之(zhi)鄉"的(de)(de)(de)榮(rong)譽稱號;1988年(nian),國(guo)家(jia)文化部(bu)正式命(ming)名(ming)(ming)綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)縣為"中國(guo)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)繪畫(hua)(hua)畫(hua)(hua)鄉"。日本日中藝術(shu)(shu)(shu)研究會(hui)(hui)為表彰綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)取(qu)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)就,派人專程(cheng)從(cong)日本赴綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)贈送(song)了(le)(le)三座金杯。中央電(dian)視(shi)(shi)臺《走(zou)遍中國(guo)》、新(xin)華(hua)社、中國(guo)文化報等(deng)(deng)國(guo)家(jia)級媒(mei)體專題介紹了(le)(le)綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)。重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)日報、重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)電(dian)視(shi)(shi)臺和(he)廣西電(dian)視(shi)(shi)臺等(deng)(deng)主(zhu)流(liu)媒(mei)體多(duo)(duo)次專題宣傳(chuan)綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)。法國(guo)《圖(tu)盧茲報》、美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)黃河電(dian)視(shi)(shi)臺和(he)日本《版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)世(shi)界》雜志等(deng)(deng)國(guo)外媒(mei)體也紛紛報道綦(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)江(jiang)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)。
2001年7月,綦江農民(min)版(ban)畫(hua)院(yuan)成立,標(biao)志著(zhu)農民(min)版(ban)畫(hua)的(de)發(fa)展踏上了(le)新(xin)的(de)里(li)程。在市場(chang)經濟(ji)體制(zhi)下,綦江農民(min)版(ban)畫(hua)創作正(zheng)在不斷加快發(fa)展建設,在繼(ji)承傳統的(de)基礎(chu)上,為版(ban)畫(hua)注(zhu)入了(le)新(xin)的(de)時代(dai)語言。它正(zheng)以其獨特的(de)民(min)間藝術風(feng)格,進一(yi)步反映出建設社會主義新(xin)農村的(de)時代(dai)風(feng)貌。
2004年12月(yue)1日,由市政(zheng)府副秘書長余恢毅主持(chi)召開(kai)了"關于加(jia)快綦江農民(min)版畫(hua)產(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展有關問(wen)題(ti)"的專題(ti)會議,并(bing)專門(men)下發(fa)(fa)了市政(zheng)府專題(ti)會議紀要。