(1)工程(cheng)機(ji)械使(shi)用(yong)初期(qi)(qi)階(jie)段的(de)故(gu)障(zhang)特點。工程(cheng)機(ji)械在使(shi)用(yong)初期(qi)(qi)(相(xiang)當(dang)于(yu)走合期(qi)(qi))其故(gu)障(zhang)是(shi)由(you)高到低(di)(降(jiang)曲線),使(shi)用(yong)初期(qi)(qi)故(gu)障(zhang)率高低(di)是(shi)隨制造(zao)或維修質量(liang)和走合時期(qi)(qi)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)有關.如果工程(cheng)機(ji)械制造(zao)或修理質量(liang)高,并能正確地使(shi)用(yong)與維護。那么(me),初期(qi)(qi)故(gu)障(zhang)率就低(di)。否則早期(qi)(qi)故(gu)障(zhang)率會高。早期(qi)(qi)故(gu)障(zhang)多地是(shi)聯接(jie)螺栓松(song)動或松(song)脫;管道接(jie)頭(tou)松(song)動或松(song)脫:殘留金(jin)屬屑或鑄(zhu)造(zao)砂易(yi)堵塞油(you)(you)道或夾(jia)在相(xiang)對(dui)運動摩擦中拉傷機(ji)件(jian)(如液(ye)壓系統(tong)中的(de)執(zhi)行機(ji)構油(you)(you)缸)造(zao)成漏(lou)油(you)(you),調整后的(de)間(jian)隙(xi)或壓力(li)(li)發生變化,使(shi)機(ji)件(jian)不能執(zhi)行規(gui)定(ding)能力(li)(li),有些接(jie)合因(yin)螺栓不緊而漏(lou)水、漏(lou)油(you)(you)、漏(lou)氣(qi)等。
(2)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)正常使用階(jie)(jie)段(duan)的故(gu)障(zhang)特點。工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)走合期結束后,進(jin)人(ren)正常使用階(jie)(jie)段(duan)。工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)在這個階(jie)(jie)段(duan)內運行,只要按規定維護和正確使用,一般不會發(fa)生故(gu)障(zhang),即便發(fa)生故(gu)障(zhang),也是隨機(ji)性的故(gu)障(zhang)。