一、 直線電機和旋轉電機的區別
旋轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是指(zhi)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)機(ji)(ji)械能(neng),實(shi)現旋轉(zhuan)運動的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji),包括(kuo)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、步進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)等。直(zhi)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)則是指(zhi)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)直(zhi)線運動的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji),其(qi)工作(zuo)原理是利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁力將(jiang)(jiang)線圈推(tui)動沿直(zhi)線運動,包括(kuo)直(zhi)線同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)、線性(xing)感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)等。
旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)與直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的區(qu)別在于運(yun)(yun)動方式不(bu)同。旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)通過(guo)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動來完(wan)成工作(zuo),而(er)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)則是通過(guo)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動來完(wan)成工作(zuo)。此外,旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)通常需(xu)要(yao)通過(guo)傳動裝(zhuang)置將旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動轉(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)機(ji)(ji)械工作(zuo),而(er)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)則不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)傳動裝(zhuang)置,直(zhi)(zhi)接將電(dian)(dian)能轉(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動。
旋轉(zhuan)電機(ji)(ji)的(de)應(ying)用非常廣泛,包括電動(dong)汽車(che)、機(ji)(ji)器人、家電、工業(ye)自(zi)動(dong)化等領域。而(er)直(zhi)線(xian)電機(ji)(ji)則主要應(ying)用于高速列車(che)、電梯、醫(yi)療器械、印刷機(ji)(ji)等需(xu)要直(zhi)線(xian)運動(dong)的(de)場(chang)合。此外(wai),直(zhi)線(xian)電機(ji)(ji)還可(ke)以用于制造機(ji)(ji)器人、機(ji)(ji)床等高精度設備。
二、直線電機與旋轉電機性能比較
直線電(dian)機與旋(xuan)轉電(dian)機相比,主(zhu)要(yao)有如下幾個特點:
1、結構簡單
由于(yu)直線(xian)(xian)電機不需要把(ba)旋轉(zhuan)運動變成直線(xian)(xian)運動的(de)附加裝置,因而使得系統本身的(de)結構大為簡化,重量(liang)和體積大大下降(jiang)。
2、定位精度高
在需要直(zhi)線運動的(de)地方,直(zhi)線電機(ji)可(ke)以實現直(zhi)接傳動,因(yin)而可(ke)以消(xiao)除(chu)中(zhong)間環節所帶來的(de)各(ge)種定位誤差,故定位精度高(gao)(gao),如采用(yong)微機(ji)控制,則還可(ke)以大大地提高(gao)(gao)整個(ge)系統(tong)的(de)定位精度。
3、反應速度快、靈敏度高,隨動性好
直線電機容易做到其動(dong)子用(yong)磁(ci)懸浮支(zhi)撐,因而使(shi)得(de)動(dong)子和定子之間始終保持(chi)一定的氣(qi)隙(xi)而不(bu)接觸(chu),這就消除了定、動(dong)子間的接觸(chu)摩擦阻力(li),因而大大地提(ti)高了系統的靈敏度、快速性和隨(sui)動(dong)性。
4、工作安全可靠、壽命長
直線電機可以實現(xian)無接觸傳遞力,機械摩擦損耗幾(ji)乎為零,所(suo)以故(gu)障少,免維修,因而工作安全可靠、壽命長。