汽車照明系統包括哪些
汽(qi)車(che)燈具按照功能功用劃分,主要有兩個種類:汽(qi)車(che)照明燈和汽(qi)車(che)信號燈。
1、汽車照明燈
前照(zhao)燈、霧燈、牌照(zhao)燈、儀表燈 、頂燈、工(gong)作燈。
3、汽車燈光信號燈
轉向信號燈(deng)(deng)(deng)、危(wei)險報警(jing)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)、示(shi)寬燈(deng)(deng)(deng)、尾燈(deng)(deng)(deng)、制動燈(deng)(deng)(deng) 、倒車燈(deng)(deng)(deng)。
汽車照明系統常見故障有哪些
1、前照燈不亮
(1)故障現象:接通車燈開關至2或3擋時,小燈和(he)儀表正常,大燈遠近(jin)光燈均不(bu)亮。
(2)故障原因:引起燈光(guang)(guang)不亮的主要原因有燈泡損壞、熔斷器(qi)熔斷、燈光(guang)(guang)開關或繼電器(qi)損壞及線路斷路或短(duan)路等。
(3)故障診斷:將車燈開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)至前照燈(deng)(deng)擋位,用(yong)試(shi)(shi)燈(deng)(deng)檢查變光(guang)(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)的“火(huo)線(xian)”接(jie)(jie)柱(zhu)。若試(shi)(shi)燈(deng)(deng)不(bu)亮(liang),用(yong)試(shi)(shi)燈(deng)(deng)檢查車(che)燈(deng)(deng)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)相應接(jie)(jie)柱(zhu);若試(shi)(shi)燈(deng)(deng)亮(liang),表明兩開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)之間的導線(xian)斷路;若試(shi)(shi)燈(deng)(deng)不(bu)亮(liang),表明車(che)燈(deng)(deng)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)損(sun)壞。檢查變光(guang)(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)柱(zhu)時,若試(shi)(shi)燈(deng)(deng)亮(liang),為變光(guang)(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)損(sun)壞。用(yong)導線(xian)分(fen)別連接(jie)(jie)變光(guang)(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)的“火(huo)線(xian)”接(jie)(jie)柱(zhu)與遠、近(jin)(jin)光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)線(xian)接(jie)(jie)柱(zhu),此(ci)時,遠近(jin)(jin)燈(deng)(deng)均應點亮(liang)。
2、遠光燈不亮
(1)故障(zhang)現象:打(da)開(kai)前(qian)照燈變(bian)光(guang)時,只有遠光(guang)或只有近光(guang)。
(2)故障原(yuan)因:變(bian)光(guang)器損壞(huai)、線路斷路或短路、燈絲燒斷、燈座接觸不良(liang)。
(3)故障診(zhen)斷(duan):先將車(che)燈(deng)(deng)開(kai)(kai)關接至(zhi)前(qian)照燈(deng)(deng)擋(dang),接通變光(guang)(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關,察(cha)(cha)看遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)指(zhi)(zhi)示燈(deng)(deng)。若指(zhi)(zhi)示燈(deng)(deng)亮,表明(ming)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)線(xian)(xian)接點至(zhi)線(xian)(xian)束(shu)導線(xian)(xian)斷(duan)路(lu),或者(zhe)兩遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)燒壞。可在左或右接線(xian)(xian)板遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)接線(xian)(xian)柱(zhu)上(shang)用試燈(deng)(deng)檢查:試燈(deng)(deng)亮,為(wei)兩遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)燒壞;試燈(deng)(deng)不(bu)亮,為(wei)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)指(zhi)(zhi)示燈(deng)(deng)線(xian)(xian)至(zhi)線(xian)(xian)束(shu)導線(xian)(xian)斷(duan)路(lu)。若指(zhi)(zhi)示燈(deng)(deng)不(bu)亮,為(wei)可靠起見,先檢查遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)指(zhi)(zhi)示燈(deng)(deng)技術狀(zhuang)況。若良好,連(lian)接變光(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)的“火(huo)線(xian)(xian)”接柱(zhu)和遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)線(xian)(xian)接柱(zhu),觀察(cha)(cha)大燈(deng)(deng)及遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)指(zhi)(zhi)示燈(deng)(deng):亮,表明(ming)變光(guang)(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關損壞;仍不(bu)亮,表明(ming)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)指(zhi)(zhi)示燈(deng)(deng)線(xian)(xian)結點至(zhi)變光(guang)(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關之間導線(xian)(xian)斷(duan)路(lu)。
3、近光燈不亮
(1)故(gu)障(zhang)現象(xiang):近光(guang)燈不(bu)亮
(2)故障原因(yin):變光(guang)器損壞、線路斷(duan)路或短路、燈(deng)絲燒斷(duan)、燈(deng)座接觸(chu)不良。
(3)故障診斷(duan):將車(che)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)打開(kai)(kai),連接變(bian)光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)的“火線(xian)(xian)(xian)”接柱和近(jin)光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)線(xian)(xian)(xian)接柱,觀察(cha)大燈(deng)(deng)(deng):亮(liang),為(wei)(wei)(wei)變(bian)光(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)損壞;仍(reng)不亮(liang),為(wei)(wei)(wei)變(bian)光(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)至線(xian)(xian)(xian)束導線(xian)(xian)(xian)斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)或兩近(jin)光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)絲燒(shao)壞。可在左或右接線(xian)(xian)(xian)板近(jin)光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)接線(xian)(xian)(xian)柱上用(yong)試燈(deng)(deng)(deng)檢查(cha):試燈(deng)(deng)(deng)亮(liang),為(wei)(wei)(wei)近(jin)光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)絲燒(shao)壞;試燈(deng)(deng)(deng)不亮(liang),為(wei)(wei)(wei)變(bian)光(guang)(guang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)至線(xian)(xian)(xian)束導線(xian)(xian)(xian)斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)。
4、小燈(deng)、尾燈(deng)和儀表燈(deng)均不亮
(1)故障現象:燈光開關接至1檔時,小燈(deng)、尾燈(deng)和儀表(biao)燈(deng)均(jun)不(bu)亮。
(2)故障原因:燈(deng)(deng)光開關損壞(huai)、線路斷路、熔斷器熔斷、插(cha)接器松脫、燈(deng)(deng)炮燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)斷。
(3)故障(zhang)(zhang)診斷(duan)(duan):首(shou)先檢(jian)(jian)查熔(rong)電器(qi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞。若(ruo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞,更換熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)后開(kai)燈(deng)檢(jian)(jian)查熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)再(zai)次熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)。若(ruo)再(zai)次熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan),可能(neng)是(shi)(shi)線(xian)路(lu)或(huo)開(kai)關有短路(lu)故障(zhang)(zhang),可采用斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)檢(jian)(jian)查法進行檢(jian)(jian)查。若(ruo)正(zheng)(zheng)常,可檢(jian)(jian)查燈(deng)光開(kai)關相(xiang)應的接(jie)柱上的電壓是(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)正(zheng)(zheng)常。若(ruo)電壓不正(zheng)(zheng)常,則可能(neng)是(shi)(shi)燈(deng)光開(kai)關相(xiang)應的檔位損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞。若(ruo)電壓正(zheng)(zheng)常,則應檢(jian)(jian)查相(xiang)應的燈(deng)泡是(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞。