一、電動車鋰電池充電方法
1、需在適宜的環境進行充電
鋰電(dian)(dian)池在(zai)會充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)是一個(ge)化(hua)學(xue)反應(ying)過程,鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池由高活性(xing)的(de)(de)正極材料和有機(ji)電(dian)(dian)解液組成,在(zai)受熱條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)非常容易(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)劇(ju)烈的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)副反應(ying),這種反應(ying)將產生(sheng)大量的(de)(de)熱,甚(shen)至導致的(de)(de)“熱失控(kong)”,所以需要有一個(ge)通風透氣(qi)、陰(yin)涼、溫度(du)適(shi)宜(yi)的(de)(de)環境下(xia)進行充電(dian)(dian)散熱。
2、充電器要配套
充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)要與電(dian)池(chi)規(gui)格參數相匹配,電(dian)動車一般(ban)使(shi)(shi)用普遍的三段(duan)式(shi)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi),第一個階段(duan)叫恒(heng)流(liu)階段(duan),第二個階段(duan)叫恒(heng)壓階段(duan),第三個階段(duan)叫涓流(liu)階段(duan)。從大電(dian)流(liu)到(dao)小電(dian)流(liu)進(jin)行充(chong)電(dian),好的充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)也(ye)是(shi)會延(yan)長電(dian)池(chi)的使(shi)(shi)用壽命,盡量少用快充(chong),因為這在一定(ding)程(cheng)度上(shang)會破壞(huai)電(dian)池(chi)的結構(gou)性能。
3、充電時長要控制、要及時充電
當電(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)池(chi)剩余20%左右時(shi),要及時(shi)充電(dian)(dian),以免電(dian)(dian)池(chi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian),放(fang)電(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)也是一個硫化反應過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng),硫化結晶聚積會影響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容量和性能,充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)長(chang)控(kong)制(zhi)在8~10小時(shi),因為正常情況8小時(shi)左右應該就可(ke)以充滿電(dian)(dian)了(le),充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)長(chang)不(bu)宜過(guo)(guo)(guo)久。
另外騎行結束后(hou)不要立即進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),此時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池還(huan)在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態,應冷卻半小時(shi)再(zai)進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)插(cha)頭(tou)先(xian)插(cha)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池端,然后(hou)再(zai)接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。長期(qi)不使用的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池要每(mei)個月進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1~2次(ci),盡量有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態下放(fang)置(zhi)存儲。
二、電動車鋰電池充電注意事項
1、首次充電
當我們(men)剛買電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)的時(shi)候(hou),需(xu)要對電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)進行首次充電(dian)(dian),首次充電(dian)(dian)的時(shi)間最好在8到12小時(shi)。因(yin)為從電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)出廠開始,到我們(men)手里(li)中間有一(yi)段時(shi)間,那一(yi)段時(shi)間電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)的電(dian)(dian)瓶會(hui)自己放電(dian)(dian),所以我們(men)在拿到新電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)時(shi),應(ying)該對電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)進行首次充電(dian)(dian)。
2、正確把握充電時間
在我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)使用電(dian)動車的過程中,要(yao)根據我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)使用的實際(ji)情(qing)況(kuang),來把握(wo)好鋰電(dian)池的充(chong)電(dian)時間和(he)(he)次數。一般情(qing)況(kuang)下,如果電(dian)量表上的紅燈和(he)(he)黃燈指示亮(liang)了,就(jiu)代表需要(yao)充(chong)電(dian)了,如果只(zhi)有(you)紅燈亮(liang)的情(qing)況(kuang)下,我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)應該立即停車充(chong)電(dian),否則容(rong)易導致電(dian)瓶使用壽命減短(duan)。
3、充電時避免插頭發熱
如果插頭(tou)出(chu)現松動等問題,會(hui)導致插頭(tou)發(fa)熱,如果發(fa)熱的時間過長,就會(hui)導致插頭(tou)短路或者是接觸不(bu)良,這是對(dui)充電(dian)器和(he)電(dian)池的雙重傷害(hai),所以我們在充電(dian)的時候(hou)要(yao)注(zhu)意避免這樣的問題。
4、部分放電,不能過放電
我們要(yao)(yao)經常(chang)對(dui)鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行部分放(fang)電(dian)(dian),但是(shi)一定要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意不能過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian),而且要(yao)(yao)避免(mian)完全放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的情(qing)況,過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)會給電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)帶來嚴(yan)重的后果(guo),反復的過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的影響非常(chang)大。
5、充電要規律
在我們使(shi)(shi)用的(de)過(guo)程中,最(zui)好是每次使(shi)(shi)用過(guo)后都對(dui)電(dian)(dian)動車進(jin)行補電(dian)(dian),或者是充電(dian)(dian),因為規律地(di)給(gei)電(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)會(hui)使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)使(shi)(shi)用壽命(ming)更加的(de)長久。