氫能源動力汽車工作原理
氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)汽(qi)車(che)分為(wei)兩種(zhong),氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)內(nei)燃(ran)(ran)汽(qi)車(che)(HICEV)是以(yi)內(nei)燃(ran)(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)燃(ran)(ran)燒氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(通(tong)(tong)常透過分解甲烷或電(dian)(dian)解水取(qu)得)及(ji)空(kong)氣中的氧(yang)產生動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li),推(tui)動(dong)(dong)的汽(qi)車(che)。而氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)池汽(qi)車(che)(Fuel cell vehicle-FCEV)是使氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)或含氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)物(wu)質(zhi)及(ji)空(kong)氣中的氧(yang)通(tong)(tong)過燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)池以(yi)產生電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li),再以(yi)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),由電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)車(che)輛(liang)。這類車(che)輛(liang)的發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)把氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的化學能轉換為(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械能,或者是通(tong)(tong)過燃(ran)(ran)燒的內(nei)燃(ran)(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中的氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing),或通(tong)(tong)過在(zai)燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)池中的氧(yang)與氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)反應來運行電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。廣泛使用氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)助長交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)是在(zai)提議(yi)中的氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)經濟的一個關(guan)鍵因素。
氫能源汽車與氫燃料電池車的區別
首先,氫燃料電(dian)池(chi)是使用氫這(zhe)種化學(xue)元素制造成儲(chu)(chu)存能量的(de)電(dian)池(chi),它與干電(dian)池(chi)、蓄電(dian)池(chi)的(de)區別就是,前者是一種儲(chu)(chu)能裝(zhuang)置(zhi),是將(jiang)電(dian)能儲(chu)(chu)存起來,需要時(shi)再釋放出來。而氫燃料電(dian)池(chi)則是一種發電(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),類似(si)于發電(dian)廠,是將(jiang)化學(xue)能直接轉化為電(dian)能的(de)電(dian)化學(xue)發電(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。
其(qi)次(ci),氫(qing)(qing)燃(ran)料(liao)電池車(che)不會(hui)對環境構成污染,并且能(neng)夠(gou)完全擺脫化(hua)石(shi)燃(ran)料(liao)的(de)束縛。它(ta)的(de)排放物只有(you)水蒸氣(qi)和熱量。而另一方面,氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)可(ke)以(yi)從(cong)多種(zhong)原料(liao)中獲(huo)取,比(bi)如天(tian)然氣(qi)等化(hua)石(shi)燃(ran)料(liao),當化(hua)石(shi)燃(ran)料(liao)枯(ku)竭(jie)時(shi),還可(ke)以(yi)直接利用太(tai)陽能(neng)和風(feng)能(neng)電解水獲(huo)得,總而言之(zhi),從(cong)理論上來(lai)講,氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)是一種(zhong)永遠(yuan)不會(hui)耗竭(jie)的(de)資源。
總結,氫燃料汽車的(de)好處(chu)顯而易見,未來消費者可選擇的(de)真正的(de)新能源汽(qi)車(che),除了純電動汽(qi)車(che)之外,肯定還(huan)有氫(qing)燃料電池汽(qi)車(che)。
氫燃料電(dian)池(chi)汽(qi)車和純電(dian)動汽(qi)車,其實都是(shi)電(dian)動汽(qi)車,區別在(zai)于純電(dian)動汽(qi)車是(shi)直接向電(dian)池(chi)里充(chong)電(dian),而氫燃料電(dian)池(chi)汽(qi)車是(shi)給汽(qi)車加氫,通過(guo)氫氧離子(zi)的化學反應(ying)“現場(chang)發電(dian)”。