【鉛酸蓄電池充電器】鉛酸蓄電池充電器電路圖 鉛酸蓄電池充電器原理

因為密封鉛酸蓄電池的諸多優點，因此獲得了廣泛應用。然而密封鉛酸蓄電池的充電技術似乎不被看重，因充電方式不合理而造成電池過(guo)早報廢的情(qing)況普遍存在。

鉛酸蓄電池充(chong)電器(qi)電路(lu)圖(tu)

充電原理分析：

1.維護充電：

當(dang)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓較低時（可設(she)定，本電(dian)(dian)路預(yu)設(she)在9V以(yi)下），充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器工作在小電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)維護充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)下，工作原理為(wei)U1C⑨腳（同相端(duan)）電(dian)(dian)位(wei)低于⑧腳（反相端(duan)），U1C輸出低電(dian)(dian)位(wei)，T4截止(zhi)。U1D 11腳電(dian)(dian)位(wei)約0.18V。此時充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)約250mA（恒流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)路由R14，U1D，T1B周(zhou)邊外圍電(dian)(dian)路構(gou)成(cheng)，恒流(liu)(liu)原理讀者請自行分析）。

2.快速充電：

隨著維護(hu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)繼續，電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)逐漸升高(gao)，當電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超過9V時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器轉入大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)快充(chong)模式下，U1C⑨腳（同相(xiang)端(duan)）電(dian)(dian)位高(gao)于⑧腳（反相(xiang)端(duan)），U1C輸(shu)出(chu)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)位，T4導通，U1D 11腳電(dian)(dian)位約為0.48V，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器恒定輸(shu)出(chu)約1A電(dian)(dian)流(liu)給電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

3.限壓浮充：

當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接近充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器自動轉入(ru)限壓(ya)浮充(chong)(chong)狀(zhuang)態下(限壓(ya)浮充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)設定為13.8V，如為6V蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，則浮充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應設定為6.9V)，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)會(hui)由快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態下逐漸下降，至電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)完全(quan)充(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)后(hou)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)僅為10～30mA，用(yong)以(yi)補充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)因自放電(dian)(dian)而損失的電(dian)(dian)量。

4.保護及充電指示電路：

本電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)設有反極(ji)性保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，由D4，U1C，U1D，T1及外(wai)圍元件構(gou)成(cheng)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)池反接(jie)時(shi)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)限制輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不致發生事(shi)故。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)指示由U1A，D7及外(wai)圍元件構(gou)成(cheng)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，D7點亮，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)進入浮充(chong)(chong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)后，D7熄滅，表示充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)結束。

5.本電(dian)(dian)路略為修改電(dian)(dian)路參數即可任意(yi)調整充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流，浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)壓以滿足(zu)不同規格(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的需要。

6.物料清單如下

注(zhu)：CF=碳膜電(dian)(dian)阻；MF=金(jin)屬膜電(dian)(dian)阻；M.O.F=金(jin)屬氧化膜電(dian)(dian)阻

*表示(shi)可根據需要調整的(de)元件(jian)。

7.實測(ce)充電器的充電曲線如下圖。

鉛酸蓄電池充電器參數解讀>>