【保險(xian)公司會倒閉嗎(ma)】保險(xian)公司會不會破產保險(xian)公司破產的影響
保險公司會不會破產
保險公司是可以倒閉的,按照《保險法》第90條,“保險公司或者其債權人可以依法向人民法院申請重整、和解或者破產清算;國務院保險監督管理機構也可(ke)以依法向人民法院申請對該保險公司(si)進行重整或者破(po)產清算。”
但是,從(cong)1980年恢復保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)以來,我國尚(shang)無(wu)一家保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司倒閉。而且,對于大家關注最多的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)壽保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)同(tong)來,根據《保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)法》第88條的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定:”經(jing)營(ying)有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)壽保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司被依法撤銷的(de)(de)(de)或者被依法宣告破產的(de)(de)(de),其(qi)持有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)壽保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)同(tong)及準備金,必(bi)須轉移給其(qi)他經(jing)營(ying)有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)壽保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司;不(bu)能(neng)同(tong)其(qi)他保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司達成轉讓(rang)協(xie)議(yi)的(de)(de)(de),由保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監督管理機(ji)構指定經(jing)營(ying)有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)壽保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司接(jie)受(shou)。并且在此過程中,應當維(wei)護(hu)(hu)被保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)、受(shou)益人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)法權益。“。也就是說就是壽險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司即便破產,也要有(you)(you)(you)“接(jie)盤(pan)(pan)俠”。“接(jie)盤(pan)(pan)俠”要維(wei)護(hu)(hu)現有(you)(you)(you)客戶的(de)(de)(de)合(he)法權益。
保險公司破產清償流程
①所(suo)欠職工工資和勞動保險費用(yong);
②賠償或者給付保險金;
③所欠稅款;
④清償公司債務。破產財產不足清償同一順序清償要求的,按照(zhao)比例(li)分(fen)配。
保險公司破產的影響
1、負面效應
保險業受到高度的監管,因此公眾往往預期保險公司不會破產。然而現實并非如此,英國每年大約有0.5%的保險公司破產,其中1992年達到了2%;90年代以來美國保險公司破產比率日趨上升,每年大約有0.5%到1%的保險公司破產。2001年HIH保險集團被宣告破產,并成為澳大利亞歷史上最大的破產案之一;1997年日產生命保險的破產宣告了日本保險業“不倒神話”的破滅,并引發了一連串動蕩,東邦生命保險、第一火災海上保險、第百生命保險、千代田生命保險、協榮生命保險等保險機構相繼破產。毋庸置疑,社會所關注的并不僅僅是保險公(gong)(gong)司破(po)產(chan)的頻率,而是保險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司破(po)產(chan)所造(zao)成(cheng)的影響(xiang)。保險(xian)業(ye)的興衰(shuai)關系到社(she)會公(gong)(gong)眾的利益,因此(ci)當保險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司發生破(po)產(chan)時(shi),無論對于個人、組(zu)織或(huo)社(she)會均將造(zao)成(cheng)重大影響(xiang)。這正是保險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司破(po)產(chan)特(te)殊性之所在,保險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司破(po)產(chan)的宏觀影響(xiang)包括(kuo)對保險(xian)業(ye)的影響(xiang)和國民經濟的影響(xiang)兩個層面。
2、對于保險業(ye)的(de)影響
保(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)破產會造(zao)成投(tou)保(bao)人(ren)和(he)被保(bao)險(xian)人(ren)的(de)恐慌。在經濟學(xue)中,不管恐慌是如(ru)何(he)發(fa)生的(de),它(ta)一旦發(fa)生,馬上就(jiu)有一種自我證(zheng)明機制,因為恐慌可(ke)以證(zheng)明其合理性。投(tou)保(bao)人(ren)和(he)被保(bao)險(xian)人(ren)的(de)這種恐慌首先(xian)表現(xian)為一旦他(ta)們預期保(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)將要破產,那么就(jiu)有可(ke)能(neng)引(yin)發(fa)“退保(bao)潮”。即(ji)使投(tou)保(bao)人(ren)在保(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)破產后(hou)能(neng)夠收回未到期保(bao)費或現(xian)金價值,但是為了避免深陷(xian)漫長的(de)破產程序,他(ta)們也會選擇退保(bao)。
3、對(dui)于國民經(jing)濟的影響
國外學者普遍認為不應當把保險僅(jin)僅(jin)視(shi)為(wei)(wei)通過保(bao)險(xian)基金的(de)運作填補(bu)(bu)損(sun)害的(de)轉移機制,除該項(xiang)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)外,保(bao)險(xian)還從以(yi)下六個方面服(fu)務于經(jing)濟繁榮:保(bao)險(xian)可以(yi)增強金融的(de)穩定;保(bao)險(xian)可以(yi)替代和補(bu)(bu)充(chong)社(she)會保(bao)障;保(bao)險(xian)可以(yi)為(wei)(wei)商業貿易提供便利;保(bao)險(xian)可以(yi)促成更為(wei)(wei)有效的(de)風(feng)險(xian)管理(li);保(bao)險(xian)可以(yi)鼓勵防災減損(sun);保(bao)險(xian)可以(yi)推動有效的(de)資(zi)金配置與之類似,我(wo)國學者大(da)多把現代保(bao)險(xian)的(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)歸納為(wei)(wei)三類:經(jing)濟補(bu)(bu)償、資(zi)金融通和社(she)會管理(li)。保(bao)險(xian)的(de)經(jing)濟補(bu)(bu)償功(gong)能(neng)(neng)體(ti)現在(zai)保(bao)險(xian)制度(du)依(yi)靠大(da)數(shu)法則和數(shu)理(li)統計從而達到“人人為(wei)(wei)我(wo),我(wo)為(wei)(wei)人人”的(de)互(hu)(hu)濟互(hu)(hu)助。