《多寶塔碑(bei)(bei)》全稱為《大唐西京千(qian)福寺(si)多寶佛塔感應碑(bei)(bei)》,是唐天寶十一年(nian)(752年(nian))由(you)當時的文人岑勛撰文、書(shu)(shu)法家(jia)徐(xu)浩(hao)題額、書(shu)(shu)法家(jia)顏真卿書(shu)(shu)丹、碑(bei)(bei)刻家(jia)史華(hua)刻石而成,是楷書(shu)(shu)書(shu)(shu)法作品。現今保存于西安碑(bei)(bei)林第二室。
此(ci)碑共三十四行(xing),滿行(xing)六(liu)十六(liu)字(zi),內容主(zhu)要記載了西京龍(long)興寺(si)禪師楚金創(chuang)建(jian)多(duo)寶塔之(zhi)原委及修建(jian)經過。整體(ti)秀美(mei)剛勁,清爽(shuang)宜人,有簡潔(jie)明快,字(zi)字(zi)珠璣之(zhi)感。用筆(bi)(bi)豐厚遒美(mei),腴(yu)潤沉(chen)穩(wen);橫細豎(shu)粗,對比強烈;起筆(bi)(bi)多(duo)露(lu)鋒(feng),收筆(bi)(bi)多(duo)回鋒(feng),轉折多(duo)頓筆(bi)(bi)。結體(ti)嚴(yan)謹致密(mi),緊湊規整,平穩(wen)勻稱(cheng),又(you)碑版精(jing)良,存字(zi)較多(duo),學顏(yan)體(ti)者多(duo)從(cong)此(ci)碑下手,入其堂奧。
(碑額)大唐西京千福寺多(duo)寶佛塔感(gan)應碑文。
南陽岑勛撰。
朝議郎(lang)判尚書(shu)武(wu)部員(yuan)外郎(lang)瑯(lang)邪顏真卿書(shu)。
朝散大夫檢校尚書都官郎中東海(hai)徐浩題額。
粵《妙(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)蓮華(hua)(hua)(hua)》,諸(zhu)(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秘藏(zang)也(ye)(ye)(ye);多(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),證(zheng)經之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)踴現也(ye)(ye)(ye)。發(fa)明(ming)(ming)資(zi)乎(hu)十力(li),弘建(jian)在于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)四(si)(si)依(yi)。有(you)(you)禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)號楚金(jin),姓程,廣(guang)平(ping)人(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。祖(zu)、父并京著釋門(men)(men)(men),慶歸法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)胤。母高(gao)氏,久(jiu)而(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)妊(ren),夜(ye)(ye)夢(meng)(meng)(meng)諸(zhu)(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo),覺而(er)(er)有(you)(you)娠(shen)。是生龍(long)(long)象之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征,無(wu)(wu)取熊羆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兆。誕彌厥月,炳(bing)然(ran)殊相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。岐(qi)嶷絕于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)葷茹,齠齔不(bu)(bu)為(wei)童游(you)。道(dao)(dao)(dao)樹萌芽,聳豫章(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)楨(zhen)干;禪(chan)池畎澮(kuai),涵巨海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)波(bo)濤。年(nian)甫七歲,居(ju)然(ran)厭俗,自(zi)(zi)誓出家,禮藏(zang)探經,《法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)》在手。宿(su)命潛悟(wu),如識金(jin)環;總(zong)持不(bu)(bu)遺,若(ruo)注瓶(ping)水(shui)。九(jiu)(jiu)歲落發(fa),住西京龍(long)(long)興寺,從僧(seng)箓也(ye)(ye)(ye)。進具之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年(nian),升座(zuo)講法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。頓收(shou)珍藏(zang),異(yi)窮子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疾走;直詣寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)山,無(wu)(wu)化城(cheng)而(er)(er)可(ke)息。爾后,因(yin)靜夜(ye)(ye)持誦(song)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《多(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)品(pin)》,身(shen)(shen)心(xin)泊然(ran),如入禪(chan)定(ding)。忽見(jian)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),宛在目前(qian),釋迦分(fen)身(shen)(shen),遍滿空界。行(xing)勤圣(sheng)(sheng)現,業凈感(gan)(gan)深(shen)(shen),悲生悟(wu)中(zhong),淚下(xia)如雨。遂布衣一(yi)(yi)食,不(bu)(bu)出戶(hu)庭,期滿六年(nian),誓建(jian)茲塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。既而(er)(er)許王(wang)瓘(guan)及(ji)(ji)居(ju)士趙(zhao)崇、信女普(pu)意,善來稽首,咸舍(she)珍財。禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)輯莊嚴(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)因(yin),資(zi)爽塏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地,利(li)見(jian)千福(fu)(fu),默議于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)。時(shi)千福(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)懷(huai)忍禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),忽于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)夜(ye)(ye),見(jian)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)水(shui),發(fa)源龍(long)(long)興,流(liu)注千福(fu)(fu),清澄泛滟(yan),中(zhong)有(you)(you)方舟。又(you)見(jian)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)自(zi)(zi)空而(er)(er)下(xia),久(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乃(nai)滅,即今建(jian)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)處(chu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。寺內凈人(ren)名(ming)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),先(xian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)地,復見(jian)燈(deng)光(guang),遠望(wang)則(ze)(ze)(ze)明(ming)(ming),近(jin)尋即滅。竊以(yi)(yi)水(shui)流(liu)開于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)性,舟泛表于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)慈航,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)現兆于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)成(cheng),燈(deng)明(ming)(ming)示于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)無(wu)(wu)盡(jin):非(fei)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)精(jing)(jing)感(gan)(gan),其(qi)(qi)孰能(neng)與于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此?及(ji)(ji)禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)言,雜然(ran)歡(huan)愜:負畚荷插,于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)橐于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)囊;登(deng)登(deng)憑憑,是板是筑(zhu)。灑(sa)以(yi)(yi)香(xiang)水(shui),隱以(yi)(yi)金(jin)錘。我(wo)(wo)(wo)能(neng)竭誠,工乃(nai)用壯。禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)每(mei)夜(ye)(ye)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)筑(zhu)階(jie)所(suo),懇志誦(song)經,勵(li)精(jing)(jing)行(xing)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。眾(zhong)聞天(tian)(tian)(tian)樂,咸嗅異(yi)香(xiang),喜(xi)嘆(tan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音,圣(sheng)(sheng)凡(fan)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)半(ban)(ban)。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)元載(zai),創(chuang)構材木,肇安相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)輪。禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)會佛(fo)(fo)(fo)心(xin),感(gan)(gan)通帝(di)夢(meng)(meng)(meng)。七月十三(san)(san)日(ri),敕內侍(shi)趙(zhao)思偘(kan)求(qiu)諸(zhu)(zhu)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)坊,驗以(yi)(yi)所(suo)夢(meng)(meng)(meng)。入寺見(jian)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),禮問禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),圣(sheng)(sheng)夢(meng)(meng)(meng)有(you)(you)孚,法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)名(ming)惟肖。其(qi)(qi)日(ri),賜(si)錢(qian)五(wu)(wu)十萬、絹千匹,助(zhu)建(jian)修也(ye)(ye)(ye)。則(ze)(ze)(ze)知精(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing),雖先(xian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)違;純如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),當后佛(fo)(fo)(fo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)授記。昔(xi)漢明(ming)(ming)永平(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri),大(da)化初流(liu);我(wo)(wo)(wo)皇天(tian)(tian)(tian)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年(nian),寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)斯建(jian)。同(tong)符千古,昭有(you)(you)烈(lie)光(guang)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)時(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)俗景附,檀施(shi)山積,庀徒(tu)度財,功百(bai)其(qi)(qi)倍矣(yi)。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二載(zai),敕中(zhong)使(shi)楊(yang)順(shun)景宣旨,令禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)花萼樓下(xia)迎(ying)多(duo)(duo)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)額。遂總(zong)僧(seng)事(shi),備(bei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)儀。宸(chen)眷俯臨,額書下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang),又(you)賜(si)絹百(bai)匹。圣(sheng)(sheng)札(zha)飛(fei)(fei)毫,動云(yun)(yun)(yun)龍(long)(long)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣象;天(tian)(tian)(tian)文掛塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),駐日(ri)月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)輝(hui)。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)(si)載(zai),塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)事(shi)將就,表請慶齋,歸功帝(di)力(li)。時(shi)僧(seng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)四(si)(si)部(bu),會逾萬人(ren)。有(you)(you)五(wu)(wu)色云(yun)(yun)(yun),團輔塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)頂,眾(zhong)盡(jin)瞻(zhan)睹(du),莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)崩悅。大(da)哉觀佛(fo)(fo)(fo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)利(li),用賓于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)王(wang)。禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)謂同(tong)學曰:鵬運滄(cang)溟,非(fei)云(yun)(yun)(yun)羅(luo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)頓;心(xin)游(you)寂滅,豈愛網之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)加?精(jing)(jing)進法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)(men),菩(pu)薩以(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)強(qiang)不(bu)(bu)息,本(ben)期同(tong)行(xing),復遂宿(su)心(xin)。鑿井見(jian)泥,去水(shui)不(bu)(bu)遠;鉆(zhan)木未熱,得(de)(de)火何階(jie)?凡(fan)我(wo)(wo)(wo)七僧(seng),聿(yu)懷(huai)一(yi)(yi)志,晝(zhou)夜(ye)(ye)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)下(xia),誦(song)持《法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)》。香(xiang)煙(yan)不(bu)(bu)斷,經聲遞續(xu),炯(jiong)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)常,沒身(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)替。自(zi)(zi)三(san)(san)載(zai),每(mei)春秋二時(shi),集同(tong)行(xing)大(da)德(de)四(si)(si)十九(jiu)(jiu)人(ren),行(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)三(san)(san)昧(mei)。尋奉恩旨,許為(wei)恒(heng)式。前(qian)后道(dao)(dao)(dao)場所(suo)感(gan)(gan)舍(she)利(li),凡(fan)三(san)(san)千七十粒(li);至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)六載(zai),欲葬舍(she)利(li),預嚴(yan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)場,又(you)降(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)百(bai)八(ba)粒(li);畫普(pu)賢(xian)變,于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)筆鋒上(shang)聯得(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)十九(jiu)(jiu)粒(li)。莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)圓(yuan)體自(zi)(zi)動,浮光(guang)瑩然(ran)。禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)觀身(shen)(shen),了空求(qiu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),先(xian)刺血寫(xie)(xie)《法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)經》一(yi)(yi)部(bu)、《菩(pu)薩戒》一(yi)(yi)卷、《觀普(pu)賢(xian)行(xing)經》一(yi)(yi)卷,乃(nai)取舍(she)利(li)三(san)(san)千粒(li),盛以(yi)(yi)石函,兼造(zao)自(zi)(zi)身(shen)(shen)石影,跪而(er)(er)戴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),同(tong)置塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)下(xia),表至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敬也(ye)(ye)(ye)。使(shi)夫舟遷夜(ye)(ye)壑,無(wu)(wu)變度門(men)(men)(men);劫算(suan)墨塵,永垂貞范。又(you)奉為(wei)主(zhu)上(shang)及(ji)(ji)蒼生寫(xie)(xie)《妙(miao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)蓮華(hua)(hua)(hua)經》一(yi)(yi)千部(bu)(金(jin)字三(san)(san)十六部(bu)),用鎮寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。又(you)寫(xie)(xie)一(yi)(yi)千部(bu),散(san)施(shi)受持。靈(ling)(ling)應既多(duo)(duo),具如本(ben)傳(chuan)。其(qi)(qi)載(zai)敕內侍(shi)吳懷(huai)實賜(si)金(jin)銅香(xiang)爐(lu),高(gao)一(yi)(yi)丈五(wu)(wu)尺,奉表陳謝,手詔批云(yun)(yun)(yun):“師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)弘濟(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愿,感(gan)(gan)達人(ren)天(tian)(tian)(tian);莊嚴(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),義成(cheng)因(yin)果(guo)。”則(ze)(ze)(ze)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)施(shi)財施(shi),信所(suo)宜先(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。主(zhu)上(shang)握至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)靈(ling)(ling)符,受如來之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)印(yin),非(fei)禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)慧(hui)超悟(wu),無(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)感(gan)(gan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)宸(chen)衷,非(fei)主(zhu)上(shang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣(sheng)(sheng)文明(ming)(ming),無(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)鑒(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)誠愿。倬彼(bi)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),為(wei)章(zhang)梵(fan)宮。經始之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功,真僧(seng)是葺;克成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業,圣(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)斯崇。爾其(qi)(qi)為(wei)狀(zhuang)也(ye)(ye)(ye),則(ze)(ze)(ze)岳聳蓮披(pi),云(yun)(yun)(yun)垂蓋(gai)偃(yan),下(xia)欻崛(jue)以(yi)(yi)踴地,上(shang)亭盈而(er)(er)媚空,中(zhong)晻晻其(qi)(qi)靜深(shen)(shen),旁(pang)赫(he)赫(he)以(yi)(yi)弘敞。碝磩承陛(bi),瑯(lang)玕綷檻,玉(yu)瑱居(ju)楹,銀(yin)黃拂戶(hu),重檐(yan)疊于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)畫栱,反宇環其(qi)(qi)璧(bi)珰。坤靈(ling)(ling)赑屃以(yi)(yi)負砌,天(tian)(tian)(tian)祗儼(yan)雅而(er)(er)翊戶(hu)。或(huo)(huo)復肩挐(上(shang)為(wei)加)摯鳥,肘擐修蛇,冠盤巨龍(long)(long),帽抱猛獸(shou),勃如戰色,有(you)(you)奭(shi)其(qi)(qi)容(rong)。窮繪事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筆精(jing)(jing),選朝英之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)偈(jie)贊。若(ruo)乃(nai)開扃鐍,窺奧(ao)秘,二尊分(fen)座(zuo),疑對(dui)鷲山,千帙(zhi)發(fa)題(ti),若(ruo)觀龍(long)(long)藏(zang),金(jin)碧炅晃,環佩葳蕤;至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)列(lie)(lie)三(san)(san)乘,分(fen)八(ba)部(bu),圣(sheng)(sheng)徒(tu)翕習,佛(fo)(fo)(fo)事(shi)森羅(luo)。方寸千名(ming),盈尺萬象,大(da)身(shen)(shen)現小,廣(guang)座(zuo)能(neng)卑;須彌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong),欻入芥子(zi),寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)蓋(gai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狀(zhuang),頓覆三(san)(san)千。昔(xi)衡岳思大(da)禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)三(san)(san)昧(mei)傳(chuan)悟(wu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)臺智者,爾來寂寥(liao),罕(han)契(qi)真要。法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)久(jiu)廢,生我(wo)(wo)(wo)禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),克嗣其(qi)(qi)業,繼(ji)明(ming)(ming)二祖(zu),相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)望(wang)百(bai)年(nian)。夫其(qi)(qi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye),開玄(xuan)關于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)念,照圓(yuan)鏡于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)十方,指(zhi)陰(yin)界為(wei)妙(miao)門(men)(men)(men),駈(qu)塵勞為(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)侶(lv),聚(ju)沙能(neng)成(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)道(dao)(dao)(dao),合掌已入圣(sheng)(sheng)流(liu)。三(san)(san)乘教(jiao)門(men)(men)(men),總(zong)而(er)(er)歸一(yi)(yi);八(ba)萬法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)藏(zang),我(wo)(wo)(wo)為(wei)最(zui)雄。譬(pi)猶(you)滿月麗天(tian)(tian)(tian),螢光(guang)列(lie)(lie)宿(su);山王(wang)映(ying)海,蟻垤群峰。嗟乎(hu),三(san)(san)界之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沉寐(mei)久(jiu)矣(yi)!佛(fo)(fo)(fo)以(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)華(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)木鐸,惟我(wo)(wo)(wo)禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)超然(ran)深(shen)(shen)悟(wu)。其(qi)(qi)貌也(ye)(ye)(ye),岳瀆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秀,冰雪(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姿,果(guo)唇貝齒,蓮目月面(mian)。望(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厲(li),即之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溫(wen),睹(du)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)未言,而(er)(er)降(jiang)(jiang)伏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)已過半(ban)(ban)矣(yi)。同(tong)行(xing)禪(chan)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)抱玉(yu)、飛(fei)(fei)錫,襲(xi)衡臺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秘躅,傳(chuan)止觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)(jing)義,或(huo)(huo)名(ming)高(gao)帝(di)選,或(huo)(huo)行(xing)密眾(zhong)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),共弘開示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗,盡(jin)契(qi)圓(yuan)常之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。門(men)(men)(men)人(ren)苾芻如巖、靈(ling)(ling)悟(wu)、凈真、真空、法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)濟(ji)等(deng)(deng),以(yi)(yi)定(ding)慧(hui)為(wei)文質,以(yi)(yi)戒忍為(wei)剛(gang)柔,含(han)(han)樸玉(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)輝(hui),等(deng)(deng)旃檀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圍繞(rao)。夫發(fa)行(xing)者因(yin),因(yin)圓(yuan)則(ze)(ze)(ze)福(fu)(fu)廣(guang);起因(yin)者相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)遣(qian)則(ze)(ze)(ze)慧(hui)深(shen)(shen)。求(qiu)無(wu)(wu)為(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)為(wei),通解(jie)脫于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文字,舉事(shi)徵理(li),含(han)(han)毫強(qiang)名(ming)。偈(jie)曰:
佛有妙法(fa)(fa),比象蓮華。圓(yuan)頓(dun)深入,真凈無(wu)瑕。慧通(tong)法(fa)(fa)界,福利恒(heng)沙。直(zhi)至寶所(suo),俱乘大車。(其一(yi))
於戲上士,發行(xing)正勤(qin)。緬想寶(bao)塔,思弘勝因。圓階已(yi)就,層覆初陳。乃(nai)昭帝夢(meng),福應天人。(其二(er))
輪奐斯崇(chong),為章(zhang)凈域。真(zhen)僧草創(chuang),圣主(zhu)增飾(shi)。中座耽耽,飛檐(yan)翼翼。薦臻靈感,歸(gui)我(wo)帝力。(其(qi)三)
念彼后學,心滯(zhi)迷封(feng)。昏衢(qu)未曉,中道難逢。常驚(jing)夜杌,還懼真龍。不有禪伯,誰明大(da)宗。(其四)
大海(hai)吞流,崇山納壤(rang)。教門稱頓,慈力能(neng)廣。功起聚(ju)沙,德成合掌。開(kai)佛知見,法為無上。(其五)
情(qing)塵雖(sui)雜,性海無漏。定(ding)養(yang)圣胎,染生(sheng)迷鷇。斷常起縛,空色同謬。薝葡現前,馀香何嗅?(其六)
彤彤法(fa)宇,繄我四依。事該理暢(chang),玉(yu)粹金輝(hui)。慧鏡無垢,慈燈照(zhao)微。空王可托,本(ben)愿同歸(gui)。(其七)
天寶十一載(zai),歲次壬辰,四(si)月乙丑朔,廿二日戊戌建。
敕檢校塔使:正議大(da)夫行內(nei)(nei)侍趙思(si)偘。判官:內(nei)(nei)府丞車沖。檢校:僧義(yi)方。河南(nan)史華(hua)刻。
唐(tang)朝天(tian)寶(bao)(bao)年間,楚金禪師夜誦《法(fa)華經》時,仿佛(fo)有多寶(bao)(bao)佛(fo)塔呈(cheng)現眼前,他想把幻(huan)覺中的多寶(bao)(bao)佛(fo)塔變為現實,誓志籌建(jian)。在(zai)修造期(qi)間,甚(shen)至出現了(le)種種靈應和(he)神奇(qi)的事情。這份誠意感動了(le)唐(tang)玄宗,于是(shi)賞賜錢帛,并(bing)親題塔額。經過4年的努力,多寶(bao)(bao)佛(fo)塔終于在(zai)天(tian)寶(bao)(bao)十(shi)一年(752年)建(jian)成。
而時(shi)任武部員外(wai)郎(lang)、44歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)顏(yan)真卿被選中(zhong)來(lai)書寫(xie)(xie)碑文。顏(yan)真卿和當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大多數(shu)知識(shi)分子一(yi)樣是(shi)正統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)儒(ru)家,但也信奉佛教,他的(de)(de)(de)(de)書法風(feng)格(ge)直接(jie)“二(er)王”、歐(ou)、虞、褚余(yu)風(feng),而又與唐人(ren)(ren)寫(xie)(xie)經有明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)似之處。碑文的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)者岑勛,是(shi)詩(shi)人(ren)(ren)岑參的(de)(de)(de)(de)從弟;題寫(xie)(xie)碑額的(de)(de)(de)(de)徐浩(hao),年(nian)長(chang)顏(yan)真卿6歲,是(shi)當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)書法名家,也是(shi)張旭(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學生,這(zhe)是(shi)他倆第(di)一(yi)次合(he)作(zuo)書碑;史華則是(shi)當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)刻碑高(gao)手(shou)。
顏真卿(709年(nian)—784年(nian)),字清(qing)臣(chen),小名羨(xian)門子(zi),別號應方,京兆萬年(nian)(今陜(shan)西(xi)西(xi)安)人,唐代(dai)名臣(chen)、書法家。開元二(er)十二(er)年(nian)(734年(nian)),登進(jin)士(shi)第,歷任監察御(yu)史(shi)、殿中侍御(yu)史(shi)。官至吏部尚書、太子(zi)太師,封魯(lu)郡公,人稱(cheng)“顏魯(lu)公”。與趙孟(meng)頫、柳(liu)(liu)公權(quan)、歐(ou)陽詢(xun)并稱(cheng)為(wei)“楷書四大家”。又與柳(liu)(liu)公權(quan)并稱(cheng)“顏柳(liu)(liu)”,被稱(cheng)為(wei)“顏筋柳(liu)(liu)骨”。代(dai)表作品有《多寶塔碑(bei)》《顏勤禮碑(bei)》《祭侄(zhi)文(wen)稿》等(deng)。
該碑(bei)用筆(bi)(bi)多(duo)中鋒,起(qi)筆(bi)(bi)和收(shou)(shou)筆(bi)(bi)有明顯的頓按(an)。起(qi)筆(bi)(bi)藏鋒為(wei)主,兼(jian)用露(lu)鋒,方圓并用。有些橫畫(hua)起(qi)筆(bi)(bi)較(jiao)為(wei)外露(lu),不同于柳體(ti)(ti)的齊頭方腳,而是稍存斜尖,并參以含蓄的筆(bi)(bi)意(yi)使之變化豐富(fu);收(shou)(shou)筆(bi)(bi)用頓筆(bi)(bi)和回(hui)鋒的較(jiao)多(duo),強調“護尾”,尤(you)其于橫畫(hua)中最為(wei)明顯,寫(xie)橫行至收(shou)(shou)筆(bi)(bi)處,常(chang)向右下方重按(an),頓筆(bi)(bi)回(hui)鋒,體(ti)(ti)現(xian)出顏體(ti)(ti)的雄渾(hun)、大氣之韻(yun),豎畫(hua)粗壯,渾(hun)厚(hou)力(li)強。橫、豎筆(bi)(bi)畫(hua)粗細對(dui)比鮮明,富(fu)節奏、韻(yun)律美感,也把顏體(ti)(ti)的一個(ge)“筋”的意(yi)味完整地(di)表達(da)出來。
顏(yan)體(ti)撇畫較(jiao)輕(qing)盈挺(ting)健(jian),捺(na)畫卻(que)粗壯有(you)力,有(you)“蠶頭(tou)燕尾(wei)”之(zhi)(zhi)稱,給人以剛健(jian)的動感,尤其是捺(na)腳(jiao)較(jiao)長,頓挫后踢出開衩,含蓄而又有(you)峻利之(zhi)(zhi)感。另外,顏(yan)體(ti)捺(na)畫的捺(na)腳(jiao)多與撇畫鋒尖(jian)持平或稍低,不似柳體(ti)的撇低捺(na)高,而呈現出一種舒展沉穩(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)美。《多寶塔碑》轉折變(bian)化較(jiao)多,主要有(you)提(ti)聳肩頓挫和按筆(bi)削肩暗轉之(zhi)(zhi)法,有(you)方有(you)圓(yuan),方圓(yuan)兼施。該碑具有(you)唐楷“尚(shang)法”的典型特征,結體(ti)寬博,布白較(jiao)勻整(zheng),字(zi)型稍方,端莊平穩(wen),正氣(qi)飽滿,已(yi)初顯顏(yan)體(ti)成(cheng)熟(shu)期正面示(shi)人、雄渾豪邁的書(shu)風。
《多寶(bao)塔碑》整篇結(jie)構(gou)嚴密,字(zi)(zi)行間有烏絲欄界格,其(qi)結(jie)體(ti)(ti)寬(kuan)博,布(bu)(bu)白較勻(yun)整,字(zi)(zi)型稍方,端莊(zhuang)平穩,正(zheng)氣飽滿,布(bu)(bu)勢均勻(yun),四周撐滿,故(gu)氣勢雄偉(wei),這是(shi)“顏(yan)(yan)體(ti)(ti)”佛(fo)書(shu)(shu)的又一(yi)特(te)色。顏(yan)(yan)真卿的結(jie)體(ti)(ti),用的是(shi)“外(wai)拓”筆法,字(zi)(zi)勢方正(zheng),撇捺竭力向左右拓展(zhan),氣勢博大恢(hui)弘。無論獨(du)體(ti)(ti)字(zi)(zi),還是(shi)合體(ti)(ti)字(zi)(zi),都以(yi)中心軸線為重心,在(zai)(zai)結(jie)構(gou)處理上,既講(jiang)究規矩,又生動活潑。在(zai)(zai)楷書(shu)(shu)史上還沒有一(yi)個人有過這樣(yang)的結(jie)體(ti)(ti)方式,尤其(qi)是(shi)捺腳(jiao),重拙而不作波曳(ye)之狀,線條澀重雄強,氣概非凡。
《多寶塔碑》的章(zhang)法之美(mei):整(zheng)幅作(zuo)品縱(zong)橫整(zheng)齊。從縱(zong)看,字的中心在中軸線上;字的大小配(pei)合得當。整(zheng)體雄偉恢(hui)弘(hong),實也秀媚多姿。
明代學者孫鑛《書畫(hua)跋(ba)》:“此是(shi)魯公最勻穩書,亦盡秀(xiu)媚多姿(zi),第微帶(dai)俗,正(zheng)是(shi)近世(shi)掾史家鼻祖。”
明代(dai)戲曲理(li)論家何良俊《四(si)友齋書論》:“正所(suo)謂世下(xia)最傳者,蓋魯公書妙(miao)在險勁,而(er)此(ci)書太(tai)整齊,失(shi)之板(ban)耳。”
現代(dai)書法(fa)家歐陽(yang)中(zhong)(zhong)石:“它(ta)是顏碑(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)最講用筆,法(fa)度最為細密嚴(yan)謹的一部(bu)。”
陜西師范大學(xue)歷史文化學(xue)院教授張懋镕:“整篇結構嚴密,點畫圓(yuan)整,端莊而(er)不呆板。”
《多(duo)寶塔(ta)碑(bei)》蘊含了(le)“二王(wang)”和初唐以來(lai)書(shu)(shu)家的(de)(de)風流,歷(li)來(lai)為書(shu)(shu)家珍重。它是唐代“尚(shang)法”的(de)(de)代表碑(bei)刻之一,學顏體(ti)者多(duo)從此碑(bei)下手,入其堂奧(ao)。學子描紅、士子舉業、居士寫(xie)經(jing)、坊間印書(shu)(shu),競相仿效。至今仍是適用非常廣(guang)、影響(xiang)十(shi)分巨大的(de)(de)書(shu)(shu)法作(zuo)品。
顏(yan)真卿(qing)傳世書碑(bei)(bei)(bei)之作中,《多(duo)寶(bao)塔(ta)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)》所蘊文獻(xian)價(jia)值是非常大的(de)(de)。其(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi),此碑(bei)(bei)(bei)書寫厚重,石(shi)料堅硬細膩,加(jia)上運用(yong)了(le)直刀深刻法進行鐫刻,因而歷經1000多(duo)年的(de)(de)錘(chui)拓仍完好如初,字(zi)(zi)口清晰(xi),神采奕(yi)奕(yi)。除康熙年間碑(bei)(bei)(bei)石(shi)斷裂損(sun)泐二(er)十字(zi)(zi)之外(wai),無缺(que)文、疑字(zi)(zi),這(zhe)對賞鑒(jian)顏(yan)書、校考(kao)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)文、考(kao)辨各代拓本流(liu)傳都甚為有利。其(qi)(qi)二(er),碑(bei)(bei)(bei)文撰(zhuan)者岑勛、多(duo)寶(bao)塔(ta)出資助修者許王(wang)瓘,檢閱史籍后考(kao)得生平事(shi)跡(ji)一(yi)(yi)二(er),或可(ke)補史志未(wei)載。其(qi)(qi)三,碑(bei)(bei)(bei)文所記禪師楚金事(shi)可(ke)與同門僧(seng)人飛錫撰(zhuan)《楚金禪師碑(bei)(bei)(bei)》及(ji)佛教(jiao)文獻(xian)互參校考(kao)。其(qi)(qi)四,多(duo)寶(bao)塔(ta)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)敘記之事(shi)多(duo)有虛誕,但基于唐(tang)玄宗時(shi)佛教(jiao)發展達于極盛,伽藍之數(shu)較唐(tang)初幾增一(yi)(yi)倍(bei)的(de)(de)史實,反觀此碑(bei)(bei)(bei)言及(ji),亦無疑是對當時(shi)“抑(yi)而不毀”的(de)(de)佛教(jiao)之況(kuang)、政(zheng)教(jiao)關(guan)系的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種反映(ying)。
《多寶塔碑(bei)》,唐天寶十一年(752年)四(si)月二十二日刻立。碑(bei)原在長安(an)城安(an)定坊千佛寺,北宋初移入文廟(miao),后又移至西安(an)碑(bei)林。
清康(kang)熙年間(jian),此碑(bei)左側(ce)近中部處(chu),即三十(shi)一(yi)行至三十(shi)四行(最末(mo)四行)泐(le)去(qu)半圓形一(yi)大塊,泐(le)二十(shi)字(zi)。故凡此處(chu)碑(bei)字(zi)不損者(zhe),必為清初拓本。