丘師墓(mu)志,即《大唐(tang)故郿城縣開國公(gong)丘府君(jun)之墓(mu)志銘》,2008年在(zai)陜西(xi)西(xi)安市長(chang)安區出土,墓(mu)志36行,行36字(zi)。共存字(zi)1219字(zi),該志石現藏(zang)于河(he)南洛陽。被認(ren)為是歐陽詢(xun)所書。
墓志的主人丘(qiu)師,歷史記載中叫丘(qiu)師利,是唐(tang)朝的開國元老。
在墓志中,大量篇幅提到(dao)此人擁兵(bing)起(qi)義反隋,歸附唐王李淵,立下戰功無數,入唐后,先后輔佐(zuo)高祖(zu)、太(tai)宗,于貞觀十(shi)四年去世。貞觀十(shi)五年,丘師(shi)利與妻子合(he)葬于長安縣。
而大書法家歐陽詢恰恰也是這一(yi)年,于(yu)85歲(sui)高齡(ling)故去的,所以很多(duo)人認為,這個小墓(mu)志楷書,是歐陽詢最后(hou)一(yi)篇作品。
大唐故使(shi)持節都(dou)督(du)冀深貝(bei)宗四(si)州(zhou)諸軍事冀州(zhou)都(dou)督(du)銀(yin)青光祿大夫上柱國(guo)郿(mei)城縣開國(guo)公(gong)(gong)丘公(gong)(gong)墓志(zhi)并序
君諱師,字(zi)行則,河南洛(luo)陽人(ren)也。神功夐遠,齊圣與日月(yue)爭光(guang);天(tian)(tian)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清明,波瀾與滄溟俱濬。昔(xi)者分(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)祚土,百代紹(shao)其(qi)芳音(yin);開國混(hun)書(shu)(shu),七(qi)族纂(zuan)其(qi)徽烈。世襲臺(tai)袞,于(yu)(yu)斯(si)為盛。祖(zu)壽,鎮東將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)、右光(guang)祿大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)、車騎(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)、野王縣(xian)開國公(gong)(gong)。明允篤誠,風(feng)神卓穎。考和,隨(sui)(sui)左御衛(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)、交(jiao)阯郡(jun)太(tai)守,皇(huang)朝(chao)(chao)使(shi)持(chi)節、交(jiao)州(zhou)(zhou)大(da)(da)(da)(da)總(zong)(zong)管(guan)、上柱國、特進、譚國公(gong)(gong),贈(zeng)荊(jing)(jing)州(zhou)(zhou)大(da)(da)(da)(da)都(dou)(dou)督(du),謚襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)。鴻材愽喻(yu),忠規(gui)邁俗(su)。公(gong)(gong)纂(zuan)承馀緒,聿修(xiu)堂搆。條條秀(xiu)發,珪璧(bi)挺生;祑祑德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音(yin),含章自遠。故(gu)得紹(shao)茲(zi)茅(mao)社,仰遵庭蔭(yin)。炎精啟運,早擅英(ying)(ying)聲(sheng)。開皇(huang)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian),襲封蒲城(cheng)侯。大(da)(da)(da)(da)業(ye)元年(nian)(nian)(nian),以(yi)(yi)千(qian)牛入侍(shi),國華朝(chao)(chao)彥,方膺(ying)斯(si)舉;雄圖日益,壯思(si)彌(mi)(mi)登。尋值百六(liu)(liu)道(dao)終,九州(zhou)(zhou)幅裂。奔鯨失水(shui),躍龍(long)將飛(fei)(fei)。公(gong)(gong)鞠旅豳岐(qi),屯兵涇渭。承間使(shi)傳(chuan),接(jie)引義兵。逆(ni)豎逋誅,潛謀(mou)梟虜(lu)。義寧(ning)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)月(yue)于(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)樂宮奉見太(tai)武(wu)皇(huang)帝(di),蒙授左光(guang)祿大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)、郿城(cheng)縣(xian)開國公(gong)(gong),食邑千(qian)戶。于(yu)(yu)時秦隴蜂飛(fei)(fei),涇寧(ning)蟻聚,各相吞(tun)噬(shi),未(wei)懾皇(huang)威。以(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)為扶風(feng)道(dao)招慰大(da)(da)(da)(da)使(shi),闡風(feng)楊教,咸喜(xi)來蘇。分(fen)(fen)職授官(guan),無(wu)非舉直(zhi)。加公(gong)(gong)柱國、左驍衛(wei)(wei)(wei)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。今上地(di)居(ju)當璧(bi),樹德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)田,廣引群英(ying)(ying),旁(pang)招儁乂,以(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)為左二(er)(er)護軍(jun)(jun)(jun),董統(tong)鷹楊,參籌帷幄。薛舉狂悖,武(wu)周(zhou)跋扈,世充僭逆(ni),建(jian)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)窺窬,黑闥憑陵(ling),員朗肆(si)暴,各騁雄武(wu),競思(si)逐鹿。今上稟(bing)律專征,援麾薄伐,長(chang)(chang)轡遠馭,東亙(gen)滄海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)表;密綱遐(xia)張,西罩流沙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)。元戎所(suo)(suo)加,冰泮幾解。加公(gong)(gong)上柱國、左監門將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。冀方形勝,地(di)接(jie)燕胡。招儁撫(fu)納(na),維(wei)良(liang)斯(si)俟。除(chu)公(gong)(gong)使(shi)持(chi)節、都(dou)(dou)督(du)冀深(shen)貝宗四州(zhou)(zhou)諸軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)、冀州(zhou)(zhou)都(dou)(dou)督(du)。宣(xuan)猷千(qian)里,布政六(liu)(liu)條。易俗(su)移風(feng),治(zhi)煩求瘼。嘉聲(sheng)令(ling)(ling)譽,簡在(zai)帝(di)心(xin)。主(zhu)上賓(bin)于(yu)(yu)四門,龍(long)飛(fei)(fei)九五,加公(gong)(gong)散騎(qi)(qi)常侍(shi),改(gai)都(dou)(dou)督(du)為刺史,增封三(san)(san)百戶,并前(qian)一(yi)(yi)千(qian)三(san)(san)百戶。既而任遠親老,思(si)展扶侍(shi),表請還京,終其(qi)孝道(dao)。驂(can)騑載(zai)馳,士女追送(song),再臨無(wu)冀,一(yi)(yi)借(jie)難(nan)期。公(gong)(gong)時年(nian)(nian)(nian)將指使(shi),心(xin)勤就(jiu)養,溫清朝(chao)(chao)夕,孜孜弗怠。豈圖風(feng)樹不靜,霜草(cao)易零;逝(shi)水(shui)靡(mi)留(liu),隙駒難(nan)駐(zhu)。哀纏孺(ru)慕,痛(tong)心(xin)觸(chu)目。鑚燧屢(lv)改(gai),新馨(xin)頻登。缞(cui)服外(wai)除(chu),內疚未(wei)歇(xie)。方冀神道(dao)福仁,永(yong)(yong)作(zuo)臺(tai)輔。憖遺不驗(yan),興善(shan)無(wu)徵,氣疾彌(mi)(mi)留(liu),奄(yan)臻大(da)(da)(da)(da)漸。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)月(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日薨于(yu)(yu)雍(yong)州(zhou)(zhou)長(chang)(chang)安之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第(di),春秋(qiu)六(liu)(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)二(er)(er)。慟發三(san)(san)宮,悲纏四體。窮(qiong)號(hao)荼毒(du),創鉅(ju)痛(tong)深(shen)。敕(chi)賜布絹二(er)(er)百六(liu)(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)段,棺(guan)槨斂(lian)服,喪(sang)事(shi)所(suo)(suo)須(xu),務在(zai)周(zhou)備。給鼓吹一(yi)(yi)部,前(qian)后羽儀(yi)(yi),仍(reng)遣六(liu)(liu)品(pin)官(guan)人(ren)監護,謚曰宜公(gong)(gong),禮也。夫(fu)人(ren)閻氏(shi),即隨(sui)(sui)奉車都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)、車騎(qi)(qi)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)才之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女也。祖(zu)慶(qing),周(zhou)寧(ning)州(zhou)(zhou)總(zong)(zong)管(guan)、上柱國、大(da)(da)(da)(da)安郡(jun)開國公(gong)(gong),隨(sui)(sui)贈(zeng)荊(jing)(jing)州(zhou)(zhou)總(zong)(zong)管(guan)、司(si)空公(gong)(gong),謚曰成公(gong)(gong)。夫(fu)人(ren)四德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優閑(xian),六(liu)(liu)行具舉,以(yi)(yi)茲(zi)令(ling)(ling)淑(shu),永(yong)(yong)言(yan)作(zuo)配。而風(feng)燭不留(liu),逝(shi)川迅(xun)疾,舜(shun)華沉彩,夭桃(tao)落滋(zi)。以(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)業(ye)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)三(san)(san)月(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)日薨于(yu)(yu)岐(qi)州(zhou)(zhou)郿縣(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第(di),春秋(qiu)卅(sa)。合(he)巹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慶(qing),已對生前(qian);同(tong)穴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)儀(yi)(yi),重(zhong)光(guang)身后。曰以(yi)(yi)貞觀(guan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)歲次(ci)辛丑二(er)(er)月(yue)壬辰朔十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)日壬寅(yin)合(he)葬于(yu)(yu)雍(yong)州(zhou)(zhou)長(chang)(chang)安縣(xian)同(tong)樂鄉(xiang)細柳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原。嗣子(zi)左屯衛(wei)(wei)(wei)龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)府(fu)果毅都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)臨濟子(zi)英(ying)(ying)起、第(di)二(er)(er)子(zi)右衛(wei)(wei)(wei)高陵(ling)府(fu)果毅都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)神儼等跼天(tian)(tian)永(yong)(yong)慕,蹐地(di)長(chang)(chang)號(hao),思(si)鞠養之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恩深(shen),想微(wei)禽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及哺。憲(xian)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)泯(min)滅,冀芳風(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)裕。俳(pai)徊白(bai)鶴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墳(fen),擗踴青鳥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墓。豐桓既勒,九原寧(ning)曙。其(qi)辭(ci)曰:軒丘著德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),鼎(ding)壺(hu)誕(dan)圣。弈世重(zhong)光(guang),天(tian)(tian)暉載(zai)暎。魏皇(huang)同(tong)軌,枝(zhi)分(fen)(fen)七(qi)姓。如(ru)松之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)茂,如(ru)竹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勁。袞黼(fu)斯(si)隆,簪裾(ju)日盛。惟祖(zu)惟父,剋廣休命。伊公(gong)(gong)懋德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),紹(shao)茲(zi)嘉慶(qing)。文兼書(shu)(shu)葉,武(wu)則佐時。三(san)(san)邊是濟,一(yi)(yi)人(ren)所(suo)(suo)資(zi)。德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)匡誓牧,道(dao)贊升陑。素(su)衣朱繡,服冕丹(dan)墀(chi)。六(liu)(liu)條斯(si)總(zong)(zong),千(qian)里寔司(si)。永(yong)(yong)言(yan)賢(xian)配,維(wei)閻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姖。邽家既整,閨門以(yi)(yi)治(zhi)。舜(shun)華先落,瓊枝(zhi)遽殞。令(ling)(ling)譽誰宣(xuan),德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音(yin)長(chang)(chang)泯(min)。慟感(gan)性旆,悲纏去(qu)蜃。白(bai)馬連(lian)鑣,素(su)車接(jie)軫。茫(mang)茫(mang)泉(quan)(quan)戶,郁郁佳(jia)城(cheng)。白(bai)鶴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墓,青松之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)塋。桑田有(you)變,河水(shui)徒清。孝思(si)惟則,永(yong)(yong)邵嘉聲(sheng)。
墓(mu)志中(zhong)的(de)(de)字(zi),與歐陽詢(xun)晚年風(feng)格相近(jin),結體平正中(zhong)見(jian)欹側,端莊(zhuang)中(zhong)見(jian)靈動(dong),穿插(cha)避讓生動(dong)自然。由于(yu)接近(jin)小楷,筆(bi)畫(hua)相當(dang)精(jing)致(zhi),刻工也相當(dang)精(jing)到,由于(yu)新(xin)鮮出土,保(bao)存完好,忠實還原了一(yi)千(qian)年前的(de)(de)書(shu)寫風(feng)神。