產品介紹
蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)在(zai)(zai)覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)有(you)一千多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)歷史,位于(yu)松(song)柏(bo)山(shan)下的(de)覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang)鎮六(liu)燕屯,其生產(chan)的(de)大紅(hong)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)是(shi)(shi)典(dian)型(xing)代(dai)(dai)表(biao),以(yi)味道(dao)清香、口感(gan)粉(fen)(fen)酥而(er)(er)名揚區(qu)內(nei)外,可(ke)(ke)(ke)謂“藕(ou)(ou)中(zhong)(zhong)之王(wang)古嶺南有(you)一民(min)(min)諺:“陸川豬(zhu),北流(liu)魚(yu),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou),高(gao)州蕃薯”,可(ke)(ke)(ke)見覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)作為地(di)方美(mei)食已流(liu)芳千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang)區(qu)是(shi)(shi)原貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)升格為地(di)級貴(gui)(gui)(gui)港(gang)(gang)市后,于(yu)1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)成立的(de)縣(xian)(xian)級行政新區(qu),管轄覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang)鎮、三里(li)鎮、東龍(long)鎮、蒙(meng)公鄉(xiang)、樟(zhang)木鄉(xiang)、山(shan)北鄉(xiang)、黃練鎮、五里(li)鎮、大嶺鄉(xiang)、石(shi)卡鎮10個鄉(xiang)鎮。1990版縣(xian)(xian)級《貴(gui)(gui)(gui)港(gang)(gang)市志(zhi)(zhi)》第404頁(ye)記載:解放后,50年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)縣(xian)(xian)內(nei)以(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)塘(tang)藕(ou)(ou)為主,田藕(ou)(ou)少許。60和70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai),因水利條件較好,田藕(ou)(ou)發展(zhan)較快(kuai)。80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)以(yi)后,農民(min)(min)在(zai)(zai)承包地(di)種(zhong)(zhong)田藕(ou)(ou),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積約1萬(wan)畝,主產(chan)地(di)為覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積二三千畝。其次(ci)是(shi)(shi)附城、大圩(wei)、根竹、三里(li)、東龍(long)、蒙(meng)公等鄉(xiang)鎮。據此,當(dang)時(shi)的(de)“貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)藕(ou)(ou)”即現在(zai)(zai)的(de)“覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang)藕(ou)(ou)”。 宋代(dai)(dai)陸游旅居貴(gui)(gui)(gui)港(gang)(gang)潯州時(shi),吟有(you)覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)的(de)絕(jue)句,詩(shi)云:“名園中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)十頃池,一錢不用(yong)君(jun)得之。菱荷枯折(zhe)小鴨睡,絕(jue)謝紅(hong)妝青蓋(gai)時(shi)。清代(dai)(dai)光緒年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間的(de)《貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》物(wu)產(chan)篇(pian)里(li)詳記了覃(tan)(tan)(tan)塘(tang)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)分紅(hong)花(hua)(hua)、白(bai)(bai)花(hua)(hua)二個品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),白(bai)(bai)花(hua)(hua)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)產(chan)質(zhi)優。在(zai)(zai)物(wu)景篇(pian)里(li)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)八景之一“蓮(lian)塘(tang)夜(ye)雨”描(miao)述了碧荷萬(wan)頃的(de)景色。民(min)(min)國《貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》記載:民(min)(min)國期間貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)已有(you)相(xiang)當(dang)規模的(de)藕(ou)(ou)粉(fen)(fen)制造業,藕(ou)(ou)粉(fen)(fen)暢銷(xiao)粵港(gang)(gang)澳(ao)地(di)區(qu)。1、外在(zai)(zai)感(gan)觀特征植(zhi)株高(gao)大,高(gao)達1.8~2.2米(mi)。葉片圓(yuan)形,直徑70~85厘米(mi),濃灰綠色。葉柄(bing)粗(cu)(cu),有(you)硬刺(ci)。花(hua)(hua)白(bai)(bai)色,花(hua)(hua)瓣末端(duan)粉(fen)(fen)紅(hong)色。藕(ou)(ou)皮蝦肉色,藕(ou)(ou)身粗(cu)(cu)短、略扁圓(yuan),有(you)一縱溝,母藕(ou)(ou)長(chang)80~120厘米(mi),5~8節,節間長(chang)10~20厘米(mi),剖面(mian)肉厚、色澤透(tou)亮、藕(ou)(ou)絲少、鮮藕(ou)(ou)甜香2、內(nei)在(zai)(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)每(mei)100克(ke)(ke)(ke)含粗(cu)(cu)蛋(dan)白(bai)(bai)質(zhi)2.57克(ke)(ke)(ke),淀粉(fen)(fen)10.6克(ke)(ke)(ke),可(ke)(ke)(ke)溶性(xing)糖(tang)2.88克(ke)(ke)(ke),粗(cu)(cu)纖維0.3克(ke)(ke)(ke)。煮食粉(fen)(fen)而(er)(er)無(wu)渣、湯色紅(hong)亮、濃香(農業部亞熱帶(dai)果(guo)品(pin)蔬(shu)菜質(zhi)量監督(du)檢驗(yan)測試中(zhong)(zhong)心檢測)。
自然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史因素
(1)土壤地貌(mao)情況:覃(tan)塘蓮藕種(zhong)植區(qu)域地勢為西(xi)北高(gao),逐步向(xiang)南、中(zhong)部傾斜,南、中(zhong)部多屬平原。全區(qu)土壤有(you)七大成土母質共(gong)82個(ge)土種(zhong)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)平原水田(tian)(tian)(tian)土種(zhong)主要是潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)土田(tian)(tian)(tian)、油(you)(you)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)棕泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)潮(chao)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)黃(huang)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)鐵子(zi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)鐵子(zi)底田(tian)(tian)(tian)、棕泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)肉(rou)(rou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、沙(sha)(sha)(sha)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)肉(rou)(rou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)蠟(la)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)潮(chao)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)等12類。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)24.81%、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)土田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)11.2%、油(you)(you)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)1.43%、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)棕泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)7.23%、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)潮(chao)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)0.91%、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)黃(huang)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)2.32%、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)鐵子(zi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)5.42%、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)鐵子(zi)底田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)9.31%、棕泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)肉(rou)(rou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)1.13%、沙(sha)(sha)(sha)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)肉(rou)(rou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)1.61%、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)蠟(la)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)2.96%、潴(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)潮(chao)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)1.41%、其(qi)(qi)它(ta)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)30.8%。土壤PH值在6.1-7.2左右。
(2)水(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況:覃塘蓮藕保護范圍內(nei)河流均屬珠江流域西江水(shui)(shui)系,其中郁江為(wei)最大河流,其他主要(yao)河流5條(tiao),水(shui)(shui)力資源蘊藏豐富。區(qu)境內(nei)主要(yao)河流河道總長148.13公里(li),集水(shui)(shui)面(mian)積1092.1平方(fang)公里(li)。全區(qu)地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)總量(liang)11.11億(yi)立方(fang)米(mi),地(di)下水(shui)(shui)總量(liang)1.45億(yi)立方(fang)米(mi),地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)可利用量(liang)11.11億(yi)立方(fang)米(mi)。全區(qu)用于農田灌溉的中小型水(shui)(shui)庫六座(zuo)、水(shui)(shui)質優良無污染。水(shui)(shui)質符(fu)合國家(jia)有關標準。
(3)氣(qi)候情況:覃塘蓮藕保(bao)護范圍屬(shu)南亞熱帶濕潤季(ji)風氣(qi)候,光溫雨資源非(fei)常豐富。年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)日照(zhao)時數(shu)為1613小(xiao)時,年(nian)(nian)太陽總輻射(she)量為10.7萬卡/厘(li)米(mi)2,年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫在(zai)23.9℃以上(shang),大(da)于(yu)或(huo)等于(yu)10℃的年(nian)(nian)積溫為7313℃,年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)無霜(shuang)期(qi)長達(da)306天以上(shang),年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)相對濕度79.5%,年(nian)(nian)降雨量在(zai)1500―2100mm之間(jian)。降雨主(zhu)要集(ji)中在(zai)夏(xia)季(ji),冬季(ji)雨量少。溫度、光照(zhao)、降雨等條件都十分適宜蓮藕的生長。
地域范圍
覃塘(tang)蓮藕保護(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)位(wei)于廣西(xi)東(dong)南(nan)部(bu)的(de)覃塘(tang)區(qu),包括覃塘(tang)鎮(zhen)、東(dong)龍鎮(zhen)、三里(li)(li)鎮(zhen)、黃(huang)練鎮(zhen)、石卡鎮(zhen)、五里(li)(li)鎮(zhen)、山北鄉、樟木鄉、蒙公(gong)鄉、大嶺(ling)鄉等十個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)。保護(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)位(wei)于東(dong)經108°58′~109°18′,北緯22°48′~23°25′之間,東(dong)與港北區(qu)接壤(rang),西(xi)與賓(bin)陽(yang)縣、橫(heng)縣毗鄰,南(nan)與港南(nan)區(qu)隔郁江相(xiang)望(wang),北與來(lai)賓(bin)市的(de)武宣(xuan)縣、興賓(bin)區(qu)交界。邊(bian)境線總長(chang)217.6公(gong)里(li)(li)、東(dong)西(xi)寬31.2公(gong)里(li)(li)、南(nan)北長(chang)69.6公(gong)里(li)(li)。保護(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)面積(ji)1.2萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)。現(xian)年產量(liang)110000噸。
品質特性特征
(1)外(wai)在感官特征:藕(ou)(ou)皮蝦肉(rou)色(se),藕(ou)(ou)身粗短、略扁(bian)圓,有一(yi)縱溝,母藕(ou)(ou)長(chang)(chang)80~120厘米,5~8節(jie),節(jie)間長(chang)(chang)10~20厘米,剖面肉(rou)厚(hou)、色(se)澤(ze)透亮、藕(ou)(ou)絲少、鮮藕(ou)(ou)甜香(xiang)(xiang)、煮食粉而無渣(zha)、湯色(se)紅亮、濃(nong)香(xiang)(xiang)。
(2)內在品質(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao):覃塘(tang)蓮藕主要特(te)色品質(zhi)含量指(zhi)標(biao)有:14%≥淀粉≥9.12%,0.04%≥粗纖維≥0.03%,3.69%≥可溶性糖≥2.88%,2.57%≥粗蛋白(bai)≥1.92%。