"房縣(xian)香菇(gu)"(產(chan)于湖北省房縣(xian),中(zhong)國(guo)地理(li)標志產(chan)品(農產(chan)品地理(li)標志)。房縣(xian)在(zai)一千年前就有香菇(gu)生產(chan),歷有"香菇(gu)山(shan)珍"之(zhi)稱(cheng)。長久以(yi)來,房縣(xian)香菇(gu)以(yi)清香可口、味道鮮美而聞名(ming)于世,是(shi)中(zhong)外(wai)名(ming)菜(cai)(cai)不(bu)可缺(que)少的(de)(de)佐味佳品,被營養學家冠以(yi)"菌星"、"菇(gu)中(zhong)之(zhi)王(wang)"、"素(su)菜(cai)(cai)之(zhi)葷"、"營養元(yuan)素(su)之(zhi)寶庫"等美譽(yu)。遠在(zai)美國(guo)加州,就有中(zhong)餐館以(yi)"中(zhong)國(guo)房縣(xian)小花菇(gu)"的(de)(de)招牌吸(xi)引食(shi)客(ke)。
產地環境
房(fang)縣(xian)位于(yu)鄂西北(bei)、大(da)巴山(shan)(shan)和武(wu)當山(shan)(shan)之間。地(di)(di)(di)(di)理坐標(biao)為東(dong)經l1O°O2'~111°15',北(bei)緯31°34'~32°31'。地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢西高(gao)(gao)(gao)東(dong)低、南陡北(bei)緩、四周高(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)環繞,由兩側分向中部傾(qing)斜,略成盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)。全縣(xian)海(hai)拔180~2485.6米,地(di)(di)(di)(di)形復雜(za),高(gao)(gao)(gao)差懸殊(shu),日照時(shi)(shi)(shi)數在1700~2000小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)之間,平(ping)均每天(tian)日照5.1小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),平(ping)均日照率為42%;全縣(xian)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)10~15℃,積端最(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)40.4℃,極端最(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)-17.6℃,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差在24℃左(zuo)右(you),低山(shan)(shan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差較(jiao)大(da),高(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差較(jiao)小(xiao),大(da)體與氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)一致,地(di)(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)一般高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)約2℃左(zuo)右(you)。房(fang)縣(xian)香(xiang)菇屬于(yu)中溫(wen)(wen)(wen)型菌類(lei),菌絲在15~36℃之間均能生(sheng)長(chang)(chang),在22~32℃生(sheng)長(chang)(chang),6~14℃能緩慢生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。房(fang)縣(xian)香(xiang)菇對低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)有很(hen)強的抵抗(kang)力(li),房(fang)縣(xian)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)范圍有利于(yu)菌絲的存活(huo)和生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育。
品質特點
外在品質
房縣(xian)香菇菇形(xing)(xing)緊湊,形(xing)(xing)狀有半球型(xing)(xing)、扁(bian)半球型(xing)(xing)、傘(san)型(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)扁(bian)平型(xing)(xing),銅鑼邊,菌(jun)柄(bing)較短,菌(jun)褶金(jin)黃,花(hua)菇菌(jun)蓋略呈褐色、花(hua)紋明顯色白(bai),如龜裂,厚菇、薄(bo)菇菌(jun)蓋呈褐色或(huo)(huo)淡褐色。
內在品質
突出表現在"兩高(gao)(gao)"、"兩少(shao)":"兩高(gao)(gao)"即(ji)營養成(cheng)分高(gao)(gao),藥(yao)用價值(zhi)高(gao)(gao),各種營養成(cheng)分含(han)量均高(gao)(gao)于(yu)國(guo)家標(biao)準,富(fu)含(han)多種核(he)酸(suan)類物質(zhi)和維生(sheng)素,對小(xiao)兒佝僂病、成(cheng)人心臟(zang)病、貧血、抗癌等病有食(shi)療作用;"兩少(shao)"即(ji)雜質(zhi)含(han)量少(shao),有害物質(zhi)少(shao)。
品質特征
子實體發育厚、質優、香(xiang)氣馥郁、口(kou)感(gan)潤滑(hua)、風味(wei)獨特。色澤好、外觀美、清香(xiang)滑(hua)膩、質地純正,營養豐富"。