產地環境
四川省涼山(shan)(shan)州是中國最大(da)的(de)(de)彝族聚(ju)居區(qu),是中國重要的(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)產區(qu)和(he)現代煙(yan)(yan)(yan)草農業(ye)試點地(di)區(qu)之一,其(qi)得天獨(du)厚(hou)的(de)(de)光(guang)熱(re)、水土資源等自然優(you)勢,為盛產獨(du)具(ju)“清甜香(xiang)”風格(ge)(ge)特(te)色的(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)創造了(le)條件(jian)。涼山(shan)(shan)清甜香(xiang)烤煙(yan)(yan)(yan)種植區(qu)光(guang)照充足、熱(re)量豐(feng)富、降(jiang)水充沛、多夜雨(yu),氣溫年較差(cha)小、日較差(cha)大(da),光(guang)合(he)效率高,十分(fen)有(you)利(li)于(yu)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)光(guang)合(he)作用的(de)(de)高積累,有(you)利(li)于(yu)形成“清甜香(xiang)”型風格(ge)(ge)特(te)征的(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)烤煙(yan)(yan)(yan),土層較厚(hou),通透性良(liang)好,保水、保肥力強,土壤養(yang)分(fen)等理化(hua)指標有(you)利(li)于(yu)優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)生長(chang)。
品質特點
經(jing)國內(nei)外(wai)專家鑒(jian)定評價,涼山清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香烤(kao)(kao)煙在(zai)香氣量(liang)、吃(chi)味、雜氣等(deng)內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質上屬于中(zhong)式卷煙制品(pin)(pin)(pin)中(zhong)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)香味原(yuan)料,烤(kao)(kao)煙外(wai)觀金(jin)黃、光(guang)澤鮮(xian)明,組織(zhi)疏松,油份適中(zhong),化學成分協調(diao)(diao),配伍性強,安全性較好。“高(gao)糖、適煙堿、高(gao)鉀”,具(ju)有獨特的(de)(de)“清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香”型風格,深受工業企業青(qing)睞(lai),進入了中(zhong)華、芙蓉(rong)王、精品(pin)(pin)(pin)白(bai)沙、黃鶴樓、嬌子(zi)、廣雙喜、紅金(jin)龍、哈德(de)門等(deng)高(gao)檔(dang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌和大品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌卷煙的(de)(de)主配方。產品(pin)(pin)(pin)供不應(ying)求,需求量(liang)呈逐(zhu)年上升趨勢。
生產情況
涼山(shan)州(zhou)是(shi)中(zhong)國重要的(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)和現代(dai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)草農業試點(dian)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)之一,是(shi)中(zhong)國第 二大(da)優(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu),形成(cheng)了“科研、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、收(shou)購(gou)、銷售(shou)、煙(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)物資(zi)供應(ying)、復(fu)烤(kao)加(jia)工、倉儲物流等”完整的(de)產(chan)(chan)業體系(xi)。2004年(nian)~2008年(nian)涼山(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)累(lei)積(ji)為全(quan)國卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)工業企(qi)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)899.92萬(wan)擔,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)農累(lei)計銷售(shou)收(shou)入(ru)達54.15億元(yuan)(yuan),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)稅(shui)(shui)利(li)累(lei)計36.33億元(yuan)(yuan);其中(zhong)2008年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)234.47萬(wan)擔,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)農銷售(shou)收(shou)入(ru)16.49億元(yuan)(yuan),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)稅(shui)(shui)利(li)12.5億元(yuan)(yuan)。2009年(nian)全(quan)州(zhou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)收(shou)購(gou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)13.65萬(wan)噸,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)農收(shou)入(ru)近19.6億元(yuan)(yuan)。同時,利(li)用(yong)自然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)優(you)(you)勢,依靠科技創新,培育出獨具特(te)色的(de)“清(qing)甜香”型(xing)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie),在中(zhong)國煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)品(pin)(pin)系(xi)中(zhong)獨樹一幟,“涼山(shan)清(qing)甜香烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)”獲“四(si)川(chuan)省名牌產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)”和“國家地(di)(di)理標志(zhi)保護”殊榮,使涼山(shan)成(cheng)為四(si)川(chuan)最大(da)的(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)、烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)產(chan)(chan)業基地(di)(di)和國家重要的(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)、烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)戰略(lve)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、儲備基地(di)(di)。2011年(nian)11月初,大(da)涼山(shan)“清(qing)甜香”煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)11個(ge)優(you)(you)良(liang)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)、共12.5萬(wan)粒煙(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)搭載“神舟八號飛船”進(jin)入(ru)太(tai)空(kong)16天,與天宮一號進(jin)行兩次交會(hui)對接后,于(yu)11月17日返回(hui)地(di)(di)面(mian),這是(shi)全(quan)球(qiu)首次進(jin)行烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)航天太(tai)空(kong)育種(zhong)試驗。
自然生態環(huan)境和(he)人文歷史(shi)因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌(mao)情況:涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州位于(yu)青藏高(gao)原(yuan)東南緣(yuan),四川省(sheng)西南部(bu)橫斷山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區東北部(bu),區域內地(di)貌(mao)復雜多樣,以(yi)(yi)層狀地(di)貌(mao)發育。地(di)貌(mao)以(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)為(wei)主,約(yue)占幅員面積的(de)80%,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原(yuan)次之,丘陵、沖(chong)積平(ping)原(yuan)及寬谷和斷陷(xian)盆地(di)約(yue)占10%。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州基本(ben)煙田(tian)布局在(zai)河谷、低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘陵、低(di)中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)和平(ping)壩(ba)五種地(di)貌(mao)類型范圍(wei)(wei),適宜清甜香(xiang)烤煙生產的(de)海拔高(gao)度范圍(wei)(wei)為(wei)1300~2200m,主要(yao)(yao)集(ji)中在(zai)1500~1800m之間。土(tu)(tu)壤類型以(yi)(yi)紫色土(tu)(tu)、紅壤土(tu)(tu)、黃(huang)棕(zong)壤、棕(zong)壤為(wei)主,占總面積的(de)80%,土(tu)(tu)層深厚,土(tu)(tu)壤結構好,土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)疏(shu)松(song),透(tou)氣(qi)性好,有(you)機質(zhi)1~3%;堿解氮(dan)80~150mg/kg;速(su)效(xiao)磷5~20mg/kg;速(su)效(xiao)鉀100~200mg/kg;pH值5.0~7.0;0~60cm土(tu)(tu)層氯離子小于(yu)30mg/kg,即土(tu)(tu)壤微酸,堿解氮(dan)和速(su)效(xiao)鉀含量(liang)豐富,土(tu)(tu)壤質(zhi)地(di)疏(shu)松(song),通透(tou)性好,耕(geng)作(zuo)層深厚,養分含量(liang)較高(gao),這是形成(cheng)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清甜香(xiang)烤煙“高(gao)糖、適煙堿、高(gao)鉀”特點的(de)必(bi)要(yao)(yao)條(tiao)件。
(2)水文情況:涼山(shan)(shan)州境內雨量豐富(fu),河(he)流(liu)縱橫,山(shan)(shan)地水系發(fa)達,除安寧河(he)谷外(wai),多數為(wei)山(shan)(shan)地河(he)流(liu)。流(liu)域(yu)面積(ji)(ji)在100平(ping)方公(gong)里(li)以上的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)河(he)流(liu)共160多條(tiao),流(liu)域(yu)面積(ji)(ji)1000平(ping)方公(gong)里(li)以上的(de)(de)主要有雅龍江等13條(tiao)河(he)流(liu),其(qi)中安寧河(he)是涼山(shan)(shan)州最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)河(he)流(liu),全長326公(gong)里(li),流(liu)經(jing)州境內222公(gong)里(li),貫穿冕(mian)寧、西昌和德昌3個(ge)縣市,有大(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)支流(liu)18條(tiao),最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)支流(liu)有孫水何、錦川河(he)、河(he)曲河(he)。
(3)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)情況:涼(liang)山州(zhou)立體氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)特征(zheng)明顯,光(guang)(guang)熱水(shui)資源豐富(fu),雨(yu)(yu)熱同季(ji),農業氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件非常優越。涼(liang)山州(zhou)屬亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)區,可劃分(fen)(fen)為三個(ge)亞熱帶(dai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)垂(chui)直帶(dai)和一(yi)個(ge)溫(wen)(wen)帶(dai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)帶(dai),年(nian)(nian)日照時(shi)數(shu)1627~2600h,年(nian)(nian)日照輻射總(zong)(zong)量(liang)4300~6100MJ/平(ping)方米(mi),是(shi)我國同緯度地(di)區日照時(shi)數(shu)和總(zong)(zong)輻射量(liang)最多的(de)(de)地(di)區之一(yi);年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)14~19℃,≥10℃年(nian)(nian)有效積(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)5100~6000℃,無霜期220~360d;年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)838~1176mm,干(gan)、雨(yu)(yu)季(ji)分(fen)(fen)明,雨(yu)(yu)季(ji)從5月至6月初開始,10月中(zhong)旬(xun)結(jie)束(shu),降水(shui)占(zhan)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)的(de)(de)80%~90%,夜(ye)雨(yu)(yu)率占(zhan)70%~80%。涼(liang)山清甜(tian)香烤(kao)煙(yan)種(zhong)植煙(yan)區全(quan)年(nian)(nian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)和,夏無酷暑,冬(dong)無嚴(yan)寒,光(guang)(guang)照充足,雨(yu)(yu)水(shui)充沛,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)較差(cha)小、日較差(cha)大,光(guang)(guang)合效率高,十(shi)分(fen)(fen)有利于煙(yan)葉(xie)光(guang)(guang)合作用的(de)(de)高積(ji)(ji)累,有利于形(xing)成“清甜(tian)香”風格特征(zheng)的(de)(de)優質烤(kao)煙(yan)。
(4)人(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)歷史(shi)情況:涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)彝(yi)族(zu)自治(zhi)州(zhou)有彝(yi)、漢、蒙、藏、回等(deng)(deng)14個世居民(min)族(zu),總人(ren)(ren)(ren)口448.4萬人(ren)(ren)(ren),其中(zhong)彝(yi)族(zu)208.29萬人(ren)(ren)(ren),占總人(ren)(ren)(ren)口的(de)(de)46.45%,是全(quan)國最(zui)(zui)(zui)大的(de)(de)彝(yi)族(zu)聚居區(qu)(qu)。 1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),會(hui)(hui)(hui)理(li)(li)王守庸組建(jian)華康烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)股份有限公(gong)司(si),從云(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)玉溪引(yin)進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子,無償發(fa)給農(nong)戶(hu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),在攀蓮鄉川(chuan)主(zhu)廟、丙谷鄉各建(jian)了10座烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)房(fang)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全(quan)縣(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)100余(yu)(yu)公(gong)頃,收(shou)(shou)(shou)購(gou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)3.5萬公(gong)斤(jin),均銷(xiao)(xiao)往云(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)玉溪煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠。 1942年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)康技藝專(zhuan)科(ke)學校(xiao)農(nong)藝系(xi)教(jiao)授(shou)(shou)詹維(wei)廉、西(xi)(xi)昌裕民(min)公(gong)司(si)經(jing)(jing)理(li)(li)徐(xu)仲(zhong)偉輾(zhan)轉找到(dao)云(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)熱帶(dai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物研究(jiu)所(suo)所(suo)長、西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)聯大植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物系(xi)教(jiao)授(shou)(shou)蔡希陶(tao)先生(sheng),從云(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)引(yin)進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“大金元”在西(xi)(xi)昌縣(xian)試(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成功,但未能推廣。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),美國華盛(sheng)頓特區(qu)(qu)政府向中(zhong)華農(nong)業(ye)協(xie)會(hui)(hui)(hui)寄贈500克“大金元”種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子,中(zhong)華農(nong)業(ye)協(xie)會(hui)(hui)(hui)轉交徐(xu)仲(zhong)偉,亦在西(xi)(xi)昌縣(xian)試(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。該品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)流傳民(min)間,經(jing)(jing)自選(xuan)演變為(wei)晾曬煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),俗(su)稱“老憨(han)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”、“大附耳煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”。 1960年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),會(hui)(hui)(hui)理(li)(li)、米易(yi)、寧(ning)南(nan)(nan)等(deng)(deng)縣(xian)引(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)云(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成功。至1965年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),共(gong)收(shou)(shou)(shou)購(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)53.22萬公(gong)斤(jin)。后因種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、烘烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)技術不(bu)過關,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)質量(liang)差而停種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)昌縣(xian)再次從云(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)引(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在縣(xian)委試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)田栽培(pei)和(he)烘烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)均獲(huo)成功。1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),會(hui)(hui)(hui)理(li)(li)縣(xian)從云(yun)(yun)南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)玉溪地區(qu)(qu)引(yin)進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)353.87公(gong)頃,當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)購(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)67.595萬公(gong)斤(jin)。會(hui)(hui)(hui)東、西(xi)(xi)昌、德昌、寧(ning)南(nan)(nan)、普(pu)格等(deng)(deng)縣(xian)相繼推廣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。到(dao)1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)7320余(yu)(yu)公(gong)頃,收(shou)(shou)(shou)購(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)12085噸,成為(wei)全(quan)國優質烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)產基地。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)昌市(shi)有22個鄉(鎮)、82個村、3152家農(nong)戶(hu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),移(yi)栽面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)713.33公(gong)頃。當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)因自然災害,實(shi)際種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)593.53公(gong)頃,收(shou)(shou)(shou)干煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)76.5萬公(gong)斤(jin),總產值260萬元。 二十(shi)世紀90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代,涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)產實(shi)現(xian)歷史(shi)性跨(kua)越(yue)式增(zeng)長。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)從不(bu)足(zu)1萬公(gong)頃增(zeng)長至3.8萬公(gong)頃(1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)總產量(liang)從1萬余(yu)(yu)噸增(zeng)長至7.9萬余(yu)(yu)噸(1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)2.2萬余(yu)(yu)公(gong)頃,總產量(liang)3.4萬余(yu)(yu)噸,中(zhong)上等(deng)(deng)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)比例達(da)(da)63.51%,為(wei)四川(chuan)省(sheng)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)最(zui)(zui)(zui)集中(zhong)、產量(liang)最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)、質量(liang)最(zui)(zui)(zui)好(hao)的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)。 涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已(yi)有70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)左(zuo)右的(de)(de)歷史(shi),有廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)群眾基礎(chu),在長期的(de)(de)清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong),勞(lao)動人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)累了豐富的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)(yan)。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)“清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)”風(feng)格特征突(tu)出,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)外(wai)觀金黃、桔(jie)黃、光澤(ze)鮮明,組織(zhi)疏松(song),油(you)份適中(zhong),是烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)型卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)制品主(zhu)配方的(de)(de)原料。上海煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)(集團)公(gong)司(si)、湖北中(zhong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)集團、鄭州(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)研究(jiu)院等(deng)(deng)綜合質量(liang)評價:“涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)化學成分含量(liang)處(chu)于適宜的(de)(de)范(fan)圍之內,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)安全(quan)性較(jiao)好(hao)”、“涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)香(xiang)氣量(liang)較(jiao)足(zu),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣狀態較(jiao)好(hao),具有作為(wei)主(zhu)料煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)質量(liang)特征”、“與進(jin)口煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)進(jin)行比較(jiao),涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)外(wai)觀質量(liang)符合要求(qiu),化學成分協(xie)調”。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)-2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)累積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)全(quan)國卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)產清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)45萬噸,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)累計銷(xiao)(xiao)售收(shou)(shou)(shou)入達(da)(da)54.18億(yi)元, 煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)稅利(li)累計36.33億(yi)元,五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)創(chuang)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)稅36.33億(yi)元,清(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)已(yi)成為(wei)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)高(gao)二半山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)農(nong)民(min)增(zeng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)離(li)不(bu)得、財政增(zeng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)少不(bu)得、企(qi)業(ye)增(zeng)效垮不(bu)得、卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業(ye)缺不(bu)得的(de)(de)重要經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)作物和(he)支柱(zhu)產業(ye)。