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歷史沿革

2000年4月，國務(wu)院文件批(pi)準建立長江上(shang)游合江至(zhi)雷(lei)波段珍稀魚(yu)類國家(jia)級(ji)自然保(bao)護區。

2005年4月，國務院對(dui)保(bao)護區范圍作了調整，并更(geng)名為(wei)“長江上游珍(zhen)稀特有魚類(lei)國家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區”。

保護范圍

長江上游珍稀特有魚類自(zi)然保護區(qu)朱(zhu)楊管理站

保護區(qu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)段總長度(du)為1162.61公里，總面積(ji)為33174.213公頃，涉及(ji)云南、貴州、重慶(qing)、四(si)川四(si)省(sheng)一市。主要包(bao)括金沙(sha)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)向(xiang)家(jia)壩壩軸線下1.8km至(zhi)重慶(qing)馬桑溪長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)段353.16km，岷江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)月波至(zhi)岷江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)口(kou)90.1km，赤(chi)水河(he)源至(zhi)赤(chi)水河(he)河(he)口(kou)628.23km。其(qi)中，核心(xin)區(qu)10803.5公頃，緩沖區(qu)15804.6公頃，實驗區(qu)6566.1公頃。

保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)范(fan)圍涉及流經(jing)包括貴(gui)州、云南(nan)、四川(chuan)和(he)重(zhong)慶(qing)四省、市(shi)在內的長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)(you)流域。長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)(you)珍稀、特有魚(yu)類(lei)國家級自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)面積33174.2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，核心(xin)區(qu)10803.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，緩(huan)沖(chong)區(qu)15804.6公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，實驗區(qu)6566.1公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，主要保(bao)(bao)護(hu)對(dui)象仍(reng)然(ran)為白鱘(xun)、達氏鱘(xun)、胭脂魚(yu)等長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)(you)珍稀特有魚(yu)類(lei)及其產(chan)卵場。范(fan)圍在東經(jing)104°9′至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)106°30′，北緯27°29′至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)29°4′之(zhi)間，包括建成后的金(jin)沙江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)向(xiang)家壩水(shui)(shui)電站壩軸線下(xia)(xia)1.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)處(chu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)慶(qing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)馬桑溪江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)段，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)353.16公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)河(he)(he)源至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)河(he)(he)口(kou)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)628.23公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；岷江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)月波至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岷江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)(he)口(kou)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)90.1公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；越溪河(he)(he)下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)(you)碼頭上(shang)(shang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謝家巖，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)32.1公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；長(chang)(chang)(chang)寧(ning)(ning)河(he)(he)下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)(you)古河(he)(he)鎮(zhen)(zhen)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)安縣，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)13.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，南(nan)廣河(he)(he)下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)(you)落角星(xing)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)廣鎮(zhen)(zhen)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)6.18公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；永寧(ning)(ning)河(he)(he)下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)(you)渠壩至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)永寧(ning)(ning)河(he)(he)口(kou)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)20.63公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)；沱江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)(you)胡(hu)市(shi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沱江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)(he)口(kou)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)17.01公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。調整(zheng)后的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)設核心(xin)區(qu)5處(chu)，分別是(shi)：金(jin)沙江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)(you)三塊石(shi)以上(shang)(shang)500米至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)(you)南(nan)溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)(you)彌陀鎮(zhen)(zhen)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)松(song)既鎮(zhen)(zhen)，赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)干(gan)流上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)(you)魚(yu)洞至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白車村，赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)干(gan)流中游(you)(you)(you)(you)五(wu)馬河(he)(he)口(kou)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大同河(he)(he)口(kou)，赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)干(gan)流習水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)口(kou)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)口(kou)。 [4]

保護對象

截(jie)至(zhi)2009年(nian)，保(bao)(bao)護區水域分布有魚類189種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬9目21科(ke)99屬，浮游(you)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)6門53屬，浮游(you)動物(wu)(wu)51屬87種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，維管束植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)24屬33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，底棲(qi)動物(wu)(wu)40屬50種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。長江上游(you)珍稀特(te)有魚類國家級自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區主要保(bao)(bao)護對象是(shi)珍稀特(te)有魚類及其(qi)生境。保(bao)(bao)護區內(nei)屬于國家一(yi)級重點保(bao)(bao)護的魚類2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即白鱘、達氏鱘、二級重點保(bao)(bao)護的1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，為(wei)胭脂魚。此外還有長江上游(you)特(te)有魚類66種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

保護價值

為維護長江上(shang)游(you)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)種群多樣性和長江上(shang)游(you)自然生態(tai)環(huan)境，合理持續(xu)利用漁業資(zi)源，補救因水電工程建設和經濟建設等人為因素對自然生態(tai)系統造(zao)成的影響，及時拯救長江上(shang)游(you)瀕危(wei)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)。

管理狀態

四川省(sheng)、貴(gui)州省(sheng)、云(yun)南省(sheng)、重慶(qing)市(shi)及有(you)關(guan)市(shi)、縣都已設立(li)了保護區(qu)管(guan)理(li)局（處、站），在(zai)農業(ye)部統一領導協調下開展了大量的保護管(guan)理(li)工作。法律(lv)法規(gui)制定、管(guan)護設施建設、漁民轉產專業(ye)、珍稀特有(you)魚類增殖放流、保護區(qu)資源環境監(jian)測(ce)、社會經濟調查、科學研究等工作正全面有(you)效開展。

宜賓市(shi)在保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)范圍的(de)區(qu)(qu)、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)有二區(qu)(qu)四縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，分別是翠(cui)屏(ping)區(qu)(qu)、南溪(xi)區(qu)(qu)、屏(ping)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、宜賓縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、江安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、長寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，宜賓市(shi)水產(chan)漁政局同時增掛國家級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)理(li)處(chu)，全面管(guan)理(li)轄(xia)區(qu)(qu)內保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)工作。

重慶段保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)機構(gou)設(she)“一局、三處、兩站”。重慶保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)局依(yi)托重慶市漁(yu)政(zheng)漁(yu)港監督管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)處建立。在長江(jiang)(jiang)巴(ba)南(nan)區(qu)(qu)漁(yu)洞江(jiang)(jiang)段設(she)置“巴(ba)南(nan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)處”，在長江(jiang)(jiang)江(jiang)(jiang)津(jin)(jin)市幾江(jiang)(jiang)江(jiang)(jiang)段設(she)置“江(jiang)(jiang)津(jin)(jin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)處”，并分別在朱揚鎮、白(bai)沙鎮設(she)置保(bao)護站，在長江(jiang)(jiang)永川(chuan)市松既鎮江(jiang)(jiang)段設(she)置“永川(chuan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)處”。管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)機構(gou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員編制共計32人(ren)(ren)(ren)。采用和當地漁(yu)政(zheng)部(bu)門合署管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)方式，實行“一套人(ren)(ren)(ren)馬，兩塊牌子”。