芒果视频下载

簡介 

吉(ji)(ji)林(lin)(lin)和龍(long)泉(quan)水河國家濕地公(gong)園(yuan)位于吉(ji)(ji)林(lin)(lin)省延邊朝鮮(xian)族自治州和龍(long)市西南部，公(gong)園(yuan)屬吉(ji)(ji)林(lin)(lin)省和龍(long)林(lin)(lin)業局廣坪林(lin)(lin)場(chang)，地理坐標為：東經128o38′20″-128o47′11″，北緯(wei)42o01′03″- 42o06′56″，占地4791.4公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)，分為五個(ge)功(gong)能區(qu)，分別為保育區(qu)4172 公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)、恢(hui)復重建(jian)區(qu)248.8公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)展示區(qu)172公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)、合理利(li)用區(qu)120.4 公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)、管理服務(wu)區(qu)78.2公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)。

吉(ji)林(lin)(lin)和龍泉(quan)水河國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)2013年12月31日被國(guo)家(jia)林(lin)(lin)業局正式(shi)批準成立(li)，公園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處長白山圖們江源(yuan)頭(tou)是(shi)吉(ji)林(lin)(lin)省重要(yao)的水源(yuan)涵養(yang)區，是(shi)長白山地(di)(di)(di)(di)區森(sen)林(lin)(lin)沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)中面積最大保存較為完整(zheng)的一(yi)塊，不僅是(shi)我國(guo)溫(wen)帶森(sen)林(lin)(lin)沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的典型(xing)代表，在世(shi)界溫(wen)帶森(sen)林(lin)(lin)沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的研究中也具(ju)有重要(yao)的意義(yi)，具(ju)有很高的自然性和原始性。

自然氣候

濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)在氣(qi)候(hou)類型(xing)(xing)上屬于(yu)中緯度中溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)帶(dai)季(ji)(ji)風(feng)半(ban)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)潤氣(qi)候(hou)區(qu)。大(da)陸(lu)性季(ji)(ji)風(feng)明顯，四季(ji)(ji)分(fen)明，春季(ji)(ji)冷暖干濕(shi)(shi)(shi)無常，夏季(ji)(ji)短暫(zan)不甚(shen)炎熱，秋季(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和涼爽多(duo)晴天，冬季(ji)(ji)寒冷漫(man)長(chang)。年(nian)平均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)4.8℃，活(huo)動(dong)(dong)積(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)2200℃；年(nian)平均最(zui)低氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)1.1℃，年(nian)平均最(zui)高氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)11.5℃，極端(duan)(duan)最(zui)高氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)36.7℃，極端(duan)(duan)最(zui)低氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)-33.2℃，1月份氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)最(zui)低而7月份氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)最(zui)高；年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量800mm，5～9月降(jiang)水(shui)≥500mm；年(nian)平均日照不足(zu)2400h，無霜(shuang)期125天；積(ji)(ji)雪厚度大(da)于(yu)30cm，最(zui)大(da)凍土深度為150cm。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)起(qi)伏，生(sheng)境(jing)多(duo)樣，植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)(xing)豐富(fu)。公園(yuan)(yuan)境(jing)內的(de)主要植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)(xing)有(you)：針葉林植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)(xing)組(zu)(zu)、闊葉林植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)(xing)組(zu)(zu)，沼澤植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)(xing)組(zu)(zu)。規劃區(qu)總用地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)4791.4hm2，現狀(zhuang)土地(di)(di)(di)利用類型(xing)(xing)簡單。各類濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)2045.9 hm2，占(zhan)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)42.70％；林地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)2745.5 hm2，占(zhan)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)57.15％；道路用地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)7.6 hm2，占(zhan)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)0.15％。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)處于(yu)低山丘陵區(qu)的(de)溝谷和支溝口洪積(ji)(ji)扇前(qian)緣，受坡(po)面(mian)(mian)徑流、坡(po)積(ji)(ji)潛水(shui)溢出的(de)影響，水(shui)源補給比較豐富(fu)，形(xing)成(cheng)豐富(fu)的(de)沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)景觀，包(bao)括森林沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、灌叢沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、草本沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、河流濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)等四種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)(xing)。國家Ⅰ級(ji)重點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物有(you)紫貂、原麝、金雕(diao)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，Ⅱ級(ji)重點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中獸類6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鳥(niao)類24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國家重點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。國家Ⅱ級(ji)重點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：紅松(song)、鉆(zhan)天柳、水(shui)曲柳、黃檗、紫椴(duan)、野(ye)大(da)豆、蓮(lian)。

濕地(di)公園地(di)處長白(bai)山東(dong)麓、陰山東(dong)西向復(fu)雜構造帶和中國東(dong)部長白(bai)山新華(hua)夏隆(long)起(qi)帶的交接部位。公園內基巖(yan)主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)玄武巖(yan)，松散沉(chen)積(ji)物為(wei)黃土(tu)(tu)與河流相沖積(ji)物。濕地(di)公園土(tu)(tu)壤類型有：暗棕壤、草甸土(tu)(tu)、泥炭(tan)沼澤土(tu)(tu)。在(zai)(zai)垂直方向上(shang)，暗棕壤主要(yao)(yao)分布在(zai)(zai)海拔800~1400m之間的中山，草甸土(tu)(tu)主要(yao)(yao)分布在(zai)(zai)海拔700~800m之間的河流兩側(ce)，泥炭(tan)沼澤土(tu)(tu)主要(yao)(yao)分布在(zai)(zai)海拔700~1000m之間的山坡地(di)帶。

景觀分布

濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園地(di)(di)處中朝(chao)(chao)邊境，旅游(you)(you)(you)資源(yuan)豐富(fu)，兩岸風光(guang)旖旎，景色秀麗，可欣賞到(dao)圖們(men)江(jiang)大(da)峽谷、處女瀑布、軍艦山、圖們(men)江(jiang)源(yuan)頭、中朝(chao)(chao)三角界碑(bei)、沼(zhao)澤濕地(di)(di)景觀(guan)(guan)、高山花園景觀(guan)(guan)、金(jin)日成釣魚臺、金(jin)日成渡江(jiang)處等自然(ran)景觀(guan)(guan)與人(ren)文景觀(guan)(guan)；還(huan)可欣賞到(dao)朝(chao)(chao)鮮的(de)(de)亞洲最大(da)露天(tian)鐵礦基地(di)(di)——茂山郡。2014年，和龍林(lin)業(ye)局將(jiang)周邊旅游(you)(you)(you)資源(yuan)進行整(zheng)合，大(da)力開發(fa)旅游(you)(you)(you)產業(ye)，自籌(chou)資金(jin)建設濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園山門1座，觀(guan)(guan)景木棧道、觀(guan)(guan)景平臺及各類宣傳(chuan)指示牌(pai)，站在(zai)觀(guan)(guan)景平臺上(shang)不(bu)僅可以(yi)欣賞到(dao)近(jin)200公(gong)頃沼(zhao)澤濕地(di)(di)景觀(guan)(guan)，還(huan)可遠(yuan)眺長白(bai)山。精心制作的(de)(de)科(ke)教宣傳(chuan)展(zhan)板及各類樹木簡介牌(pai)可讓游(you)(you)(you)客增加對(dui)濕地(di)(di)的(de)(de)認(ren)識，從而提高生態保護意(yi)識。目前，濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園各項工作進展(zhan)順利，逐步走上(shang)了科(ke)學化(hua)、法制化(hua)和規范化(hua)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)軌(gui)道。