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遺址概況

府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)于河南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)焦作市西南(nan)(nan)(nan)郊10公(gong)里處的(de)(de)(de)(de)府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村西北(bei)(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)臺地(di)上(shang)，東西走向長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)280米(mi)(mi)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)走向長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)300米(mi)(mi)，面(mian)(mian)積近10萬(wan)平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。是一(yi)(yi)(yi)處底蘊(yun)豐厚、內涵豐富、集多個(ge)歷史(shi)時期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 該(gai)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)部(bu)分(fen)是早(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)文(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)存，分(fen)布(bu)于遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)部(bu)，目前已經發(fa)現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)跡(ji)有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、宮殿(dian)(dian)基址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、房基、灰坑等(deng)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)成方形(xing)，周長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)1200米(mi)(mi)，西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)和北(bei)(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)保存較好(hao)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度約(yue)為(wei)300米(mi)(mi)，地(di)面(mian)(mian)暴露的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)高為(wei)2-3米(mi)(mi)，分(fen)層明(ming)顯。在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)部(bu)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)4處宮殿(dian)(dian)基址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)號宮殿(dian)(dian)基址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)，平(ping)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)方形(xing)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)70米(mi)(mi)，東西寬50米(mi)(mi)，分(fen)為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)兩個(ge)院落，由南(nan)(nan)(nan)殿(dian)(dian)、正殿(dian)(dian)、北(bei)(bei)殿(dian)(dian)與東回廊(lang)(lang)、西回廊(lang)(lang)構(gou)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)封閉(bi)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)組群建筑，這種建筑結構(gou)在商(shang)(shang)(shang)代考(kao)古中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)。經考(kao)證，府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)處商(shang)(shang)(shang)代早(zao)期(qi)軍事重(zhong)鎮。府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)代早(zao)期(qi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是河南(nan)(nan)(nan)繼鄭州商(shang)(shang)(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和偃師商(shang)(shang)(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之后又一(yi)(yi)(yi)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)，對研究夏商(shang)(shang)(shang)周斷代以及夏商(shang)(shang)(shang)周的(de)(de)(de)(de)政治、經濟(ji)、軍事、文(wen)化(hua)等(deng)具(ju)有重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)價值。1999年(nian)(nian)被《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)文(wen)物報》評為(wei)全國(guo)(guo)十大考(kao)古新發(fa)現(xian)(xian)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。2001年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)，府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被國(guo)(guo)務院公(gong)布(bu)為(wei)第五批全國(guo)(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)物保護單位(wei)。

遺址保護

府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)如下幾個方面抓緊進行(xing)(xing):(1)成立由市政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)主(zhu)要領導(dao)(dao)牽頭,建(jian)設(she)(she)、規(gui)劃(hua)、文化(文物)、公(gong)安(an)、土地(di)、環(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、工商、交通、水(shui)利、旅游、園(yuan)林以(yi)及(ji)當地(di)區(qu)、鄉(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)、所(suo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)村(cun)等(deng)部(bu)門(men)主(zhu)要領導(dao)(dao)參(can)加的(de)(de)府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)劃(hua)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)利用領導(dao)(dao)小組,協調解決府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管理(li)中的(de)(de)重大問(wen)題(ti)。(2)設(she)(she)立焦(jiao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文物保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管所(suo),具體負(fu)責(ze)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、管理(li)、維修、綠化、宣傳等(deng)項工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),防(fang)止新的(de)(de)破壞(huai)事件發(fa)生。(3)按照省(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)1989年12月公(gong)布的(de)(de)府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍,立即在(zai)(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)、一般(ban)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)重新樹(shu)立標(biao)志牌和(he)埋設(she)(she)界樁。(4)責(ze)成遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)朱村(cun)鄉(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)和(he)府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)、啟(qi)心村(cun)委(wei)領導(dao)(dao)充實基層保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)組織,并采取有力(li)措施,嚴(yan)禁農(nong)民在(zai)(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)墻上及(ji)兩側種田、開荒、取土、挖沙,嚴(yan)禁在(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍內建(jian)筑(zhu)、筑(zhu)墳(fen)、打(da)井、深翻土地(di)。文物主(zhu)管部(bu)門(men)負(fu)責(ze)對(dui)此情(qing)況進行(xing)(xing)檢查和(he)指導(dao)(dao),及(ji)時解決問(wen)題(ti)。(5)對(dui)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內外進行(xing)(xing)考古鉆探(tan),搞清宗廟、街道、作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)坊(fang)、墓地(di)等(deng)總體布局(ju)。(6)制定《焦(jiao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)早(zao)商城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管理(li)辦(ban)法》并由焦(jiao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)市人(ren)民政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)加以(yi)公(gong)布實施,使該遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)法制化。