一、什么是板式家具
板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)家具(ju)是指(zhi)以人(ren)造板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)為(wei)(wei)主要(yao)(yao)基材(cai)、以板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)件為(wei)(wei)基本(ben)結構(gou)的拆(chai)裝(zhuang)組合(he)式(shi)家具(ju)。常(chang)見的人(ren)造板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)有(you)(you)膠合(he)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、細木工板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、刨花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、中纖(xian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)等。膠合(he)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban))常(chang)用(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)作需要(yao)(yao)彎曲變形的家具(ju);細木工板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)性(xing)能有(you)(you)時會受(shou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)芯材(cai)質影(ying)響(xiang);刨花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(又叫(jiao)微粒板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、蔗渣板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban))材(cai)質疏松,僅用(yong)于(yu)低檔家具(ju)。性(xing)價比最高、最常(chang)用(yong)的是中密度纖(xian)維板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(MDF)。板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)家具(ju)常(chang)見的飾面(mian)(mian)材(cai)料有(you)(you)薄木(俗(su)(su)稱(cheng)貼(tie)木皮(pi))、木紋紙(俗(su)(su)稱(cheng)貼(tie)紙)、PVC膠板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、聚脂(zhi)漆面(mian)(mian)(俗(su)(su)稱(cheng)烤漆)等。
二、板式家具常見的制作材質有哪些
1、禾(he)香板(ban):禾(he)香板(ban)是以農作物秸稈碎(sui)料(liao)(liao)為主要(yao)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao),施(shi)加(jia)MDI膠及功能(neng)性(xing)添加(jia)劑,經高(gao)溫高(gao)壓制作而(er)成的材料(liao)(liao)。它不僅平整(zheng)光滑,結構(gou)均勻對稱,具有優良的加(jia)工性(xing)能(neng)和表面(mian)裝(zhuang)飾性(xing)能(neng),適合于做各種表面(mian)裝(zhuang)飾處理和板(ban)式家具,可(ke)代替天然木材使用(yong)。
2、膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)合板(ban)(ban):膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)合板(ban)(ban)是(shi)由木(mu)段旋切成(cheng)單板(ban)(ban)或由木(mu)方刨切成(cheng)薄木(mu),再用(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)粘(zhan)劑膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)合而成(cheng)的(de)三層或多(duo)層的(de)板(ban)(ban)狀(zhuang)材料。膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)合板(ban)(ban)是(shi)家具常用(yong)(yong)材料之一,為人造板(ban)(ban)三大板(ban)(ban)之一,可用(yong)(yong)于制作(zuo)需要彎曲變形的(de)家具。
3、細(xi)木(mu)工(gong)板:細(xi)木(mu)工(gong)板是一(yi)種(zhong)特殊的夾芯膠合板,也(ye)稱為大芯板,它的豎向抗彎壓強度差,但橫向抗彎壓強度較高。細(xi)木(mu)工(gong)板的特點主要由芯板結構決定,被廣泛應用于(yu)家(jia)具制(zhi)造。
4、刨花板:刨花板是將木材加工的剩余物,木屑等粉碎成顆粒狀后,經過干燥、拌以膠料、硬化劑、防水劑,在一定的溫度下壓制而成的一種人造板材。因其剖面類似蜂窩狀,所以稱刨花板。刨花板的質量已經得到了大眾的認可,消費者可以放心選購這類板式家具品牌產品。
5、中纖(xian)(xian)板(ban):中纖(xian)(xian)板(ban)是(shi)以(yi)木(mu)質(zhi)纖(xian)(xian)維或(huo)(huo)其(qi)他植物纖(xian)(xian)維為(wei)原(yuan)料,施加尿醛樹(shu)脂(zhi)或(huo)(huo)其(qi)他適用的(de)膠粘劑(ji),經高溫、高壓制作而成的(de)。它的(de)密度(du)很高,所(suo)以(yi)也稱(cheng)為(wei)密度(du)板(ban),因(yin)此用中纖(xian)(xian)板(ban)制作出來的(de)板(ban)式家具比較耐用。
三、板式家具和實木家具的優缺點
板式家具(ju)相比(bi)(bi)實(shi)木(mu)家具(ju),更容易(yi),不易(yi)變形,無(wu)需特(te)別,可(ke)(ke)以(yi)拆卸的特(te)點(dian)更易(yi)于(yu)運輸,還有多(duo)種樣式的表皮可(ke)(ke)選,造(zao)價也便宜(yi)。實(shi)木(mu)的話,可(ke)(ke)塑性強很(hen)多(duo),使用年(nian)限(xian)更久,天然的木(mu)質(zhi)紋(wen)理(li),質(zhi)感不是板式可(ke)(ke)比(bi)(bi)的。