一、光衰減器有什么作用
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)子學(xue)中廣泛應用的一(yi)種器(qi)(qi)件,它的主(zhu)要作(zuo)用就是(shi)對光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功(gong)率進行衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian),能(neng)夠有效(xiao)地調(diao)節入(ru)射光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的強(qiang)度,起(qi)到(dao)控(kong)制(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號亮度的作(zuo)用,在許多光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)器(qi)(qi)的使用是(shi)必不(bu)(bu)可少的。一(yi)般來說,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)器(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要用于調(diao)節光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號的強(qiang)度,使其(qi)達到(dao)所需(xu)的范(fan)圍或者匹配其(qi)他器(qi)(qi)件的工作(zuo)點。在光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)器(qi)(qi)可以用來控(kong)制(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號的強(qiang)度,以便在不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的傳輸距離(li)和(he)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)要求下保持(chi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號在適(shi)當的功(gong)率范(fan)圍內。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)器(qi)(qi)也可以用于建立動態的光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)號衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian),以模擬現實環境中的光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)情況,從而測試和(he)驗證(zheng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的魯(lu)棒性和(he)性能(neng)。
二、光衰減器原理是什么
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器是能降低光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信號能量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器件(jian),用于對輸入(ru)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率的(de)(de)(de)(de)調整(zheng),從而達(da)到光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)路上所需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率,它的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)主要有三種:1、位移(yi)(yi)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):利用光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖的(de)(de)(de)(de)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)隨(sui)其對中精(jing)度而變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li),在(zai)對接(jie)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖時,使(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖之間發生一定位移(yi)(yi),從而達(da)到衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)一定光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。2、衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):直接(jie)將(jiang)具有吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)特(te)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)固定在(zai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)路中,衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)采用吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)型(xing)玻(bo)璃片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)或在(zai)玻(bo)璃基(ji)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)上鍍(du)吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)膜的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法來制作(zuo),在(zai)玻(bo)璃基(ji)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)上蒸鍍(du)透射(she)系數(或反射(she)系數變化很小的(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)膜,使(shi)通過鍍(du)膜玻(bo)璃片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率被(bei)膜層材料吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)一部分,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)強度受到衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)。3、智能電(dian)控原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):通過電(dian)路控制微型(xing)電(dian)機,帶(dai)動齒條,使(shi)濾光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)平移(yi)(yi),再將(jiang)數據編碼盤檢(jian)測到的(de)(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)信號反饋(kui)到電(dian)路中進行修正,從而達(da)到自動驅(qu)動、自動檢(jian)測和顯(xian)示光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。
三、光衰減器的使用方法
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)使用方法相對簡單,一般來(lai)(lai)說,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)是通過調節其內(nei)部(bu)的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)元件來(lai)(lai)實(shi)現對光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)的(de)調節的(de),以常(chang)見的(de)可(ke)變光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)為例(li),其使用方法步驟是:1、連接:將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)與(yu)其他光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)組件連接,如光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖、耦合器(qi)(qi)等(deng),確保連接的(de)穩(wen)定性和光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)損耗的(de)最小化(hua)。2、設(she)置基準:在使用光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)之前,通常(chang)需要先進行基準設(she)置,即確定初(chu)始(shi)的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)程度(du),可(ke)以通過控制(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)旋轉(zhuan)或(huo)移動部(bu)件來(lai)(lai)調整(zheng)初(chu)始(shi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)值(zhi)。3、調節:根據(ju)實(shi)際(ji)需求,通過輕(qing)微(wei)調節旋轉(zhuan)或(huo)移動光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)內(nei)部(bu)部(bu)件,逐漸調整(zheng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)強(qiang)度(du),可(ke)以通過光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率計(ji)等(deng)測量設(she)備來(lai)(lai)實(shi)時監測光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)強(qiang)度(du)的(de)變化(hua),并進行相應的(de)調整(zheng)。
四、光衰減器有哪些類型
1、按衰減功率分:(1)固定光衰減器:固定光衰減器的衰減功率固定(如1dB、5dB、10dB等),一個-3dB的光衰減器的衰減功率為3dB。這種光衰減器一般用于電信網絡、光纖測試設備、局域網(LAN)和有線電視(CATV)系統。固定光衰減器又可以分為在線式和連接器式。(2)可調光衰減器:可調光衰減器的衰減功率不是一成不變的,而是隨著條件的變化而變化,其變化跨度有0.5dB、20dB、50dB等,有的甚至達到0.1dB和0.01dB的精度。可調光衰減器一般用于光纖的精確測試和測量,同時也在摻鉺光纖放大器的場合廣泛使用,其作用是均衡不同通道內的光信號功率。2、按接口類型分:(1)SC光衰減器:應用于SC光纖接口,與RJ-45接口類似,但是SC接口更扁,里面的觸片是一根銅柱。(2)LC光衰減器:應用于LC光纖接口,可用于連接SFP模塊,采用模塊化插孔(RJ)閂鎖機理,操作方便,常用于路由器。(3)FC光衰減器:應用于FC光纖接口,外套采用金屬套包裹,緊固方式為螺絲扣。一般在ODF側采用,多用于配線架。(4)ST光衰減器:應用于ST光纖接口,外殼為圓形,采用螺絲扣緊固,常用于光纖配線架。3、按工作原理分:主要分為位移型光衰減器、衰減片型光衰減器和智能型光衰減器三種。光衰減器的類型眾多,一般要根據應用的需要選擇合適類型的,不管哪種類型的光衰減器,都要注意選一個靠譜的品牌,如果您不太了解,可以先來看看光衰減器十大品牌。