【電(dian)(dian)飯(fan)煲常見故(gu)障及維(wei)修】電(dian)(dian)飯(fan)煲工作原理 常見故(gu)障電(dian)(dian)飯(fan)煲維(wei)修方法
電飯煲工作原理(li)
一、各功能塊的基本原理流程
·煮飯
插(cha)上(shang)電(dian)源線,按(an)下煮飯按(an)鈕(niu),普通機(ji)械型電(dian)飯煲(bao)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)吸合,帶動(dong)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)杠(gang)桿,使(shi)微動(dong)開(kai)關(guan)從(cong)斷開(kai)狀態轉到(dao)(dao)閉(bi)合狀態,從(cong)而接通發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)電(dian)源,發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)通電(dian)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re),由于發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤與煲(bao)膽(內(nei)(nei)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo))充(chong)分接觸,熱(re)(re)(re)量很快傳導到(dao)(dao)煲(bao)膽(內(nei)(nei)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)),煲(bao)膽(內(nei)(nei)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo))也(ye)把相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)量傳導到(dao)(dao)米和水(shui)(shui),使(shi)米和水(shui)(shui)受熱(re)(re)(re)升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)至沸騰(teng)(teng);由于水(shui)(shui)的(de)沸騰(teng)(teng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)是100℃,維(wei)持沸騰(teng)(teng),這(zhe)時(shi)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)達(da)到(dao)(dao)平(ping)衡(heng),維(wei)持沸騰(teng)(teng)一段(duan)時(shi)間后,煲(bao)膽(內(nei)(nei)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo))里的(de)水(shui)(shui)已(yi)基(ji)本被米吸干,而且鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)底部的(de)米粒有可能(neng)連同糊(hu)精粘到(dao)(dao)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)底形成一個熱(re)(re)(re)隔離(li)層,因此(ci),煲(bao)膽(內(nei)(nei)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo))底部會以(yi)較快的(de)速度(du),由100℃上(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)(dao)102℃±2℃,相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)從(cong)110℃上(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)(dao)145℃左右,熱(re)(re)(re)敏磁(ci)(ci)塊(kuai)感應(ying)到(dao)(dao)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du),失(shi)去磁(ci)(ci)性(xing)不吸合,從(cong)而推動(dong)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)器(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)連桿機(ji)構帶動(dong)杠(gang)桿支架,把微動(dong)開(kai)頭從(cong)閉(bi)合轉為斷開(kai)狀態,斷開(kai)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)電(dian)源,從(cong)而實現(xian)電(dian)飯煲(bao)(鍋(guo)(guo)(guo))的(de)自(zi)動(dong)限(xian)(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen);進入保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)狀態,燜飯10分鐘后,方(fang)可食用。
·保溫
(雙(shuang)(shuang)金屬(shu)片(pian)(pian))—電(dian)飯(fan)煲(bao)(鍋)煮好米飯(fan)后,進入保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)過程,隨著時間推(tui)移,米飯(fan)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang),雙(shuang)(shuang)金屬(shu)片(pian)(pian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)隨著下(xia)(xia)降(jiang),當雙(shuang)(shuang)金屬(shu)片(pian)(pian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)到 54℃左右,雙(shuang)(shuang)金屬(shu)片(pian)(pian)恢復(fu)原形,雙(shuang)(shuang)金屬(shu)片(pian)(pian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)觸點導通,發熱(re)盤組件通電(dian)發熱(re),溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)上(shang)升(sheng),雙(shuang)(shuang)金屬(shu)片(pian)(pian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)達到69℃左右,雙(shuang)(shuang)金屬(shu)片(pian)(pian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)斷開(kai),溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang),重復(fu)上(shang)述過程,實現(xian)電(dian)飯(fan)煲(bao)(鍋)的(de)自動(dong)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)功(gong)能(neng)。煮粥(煲(bao)湯)采用雙(shuang)(shuang)發熱(re)管加(jia)熱(re),通過微動(dong)開(kai)關(guan)感應水(shui)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)實現(xian)大小(xiao)功(gong)率(lv)的(de)轉(zhuan)換,從而(er)實現(xian)開(kai)始(shi)大功(gong)率(lv)加(jia)熱(re),水(shui)接近(jin)沸騰后轉(zhuan)換為(wei)小(xiao)功(gong)率(lv)加(jia)熱(re)。
·煮飯
插上電源線,按啟動鍵,電飯煲開始工作,微電腦檢測主溫控器的溫度和上蓋傳感器溫度,當相應溫度符合工作溫度范圍,接通發熱盤組件電源,發熱盤組件上電發熱。由于發熱盤組件與煲膽(內鍋)充分接觸,熱量很快傳到煲膽(內鍋)上,煲膽(內鍋)把相應的熱量傳到米和水中,米水開始加熱,隨著米水加熱升溫,水分開始蒸發,上蓋傳感器溫度升高,當微電腦檢測到煲膽(內鍋)米水沸騰時,調整電飯煲的加熱功(gong)率(微(wei)電(dian)腦(nao)根(gen)據一段時(shi)間溫度(du)變化情(qing)況(kuang),判斷(duan)加熱的米(mi)(mi)水(shui)量情(qing)況(kuang)),從而保證湯(tang)水(shui)不(bu)溢出,當沸(fei)騰一段時(shi)間后(hou),水(shui)分蒸發和(he)煲膽(dan)(dan)(內鍋)里的水(shui)被米(mi)(mi)基本吸(xi)干(gan),而且(qie)煲膽(dan)(dan)(內鍋)底部的米(mi)(mi)粒有可(ke)能連同糊精(jing)粘到鍋底形成一個(ge)熱隔(ge)離層;因此(ci),鍋底溫度(du)會以較快速度(du)上升(sheng),相應主溫控器(qi)的溫度(du)也會以較快溫度(du)上升(sheng),當微(wei)電(dian)腦(nao)檢(jian)測主溫控器(qi)溫度(du)達到限溫溫度(du),微(wei)電(dian)腦(nao)驅動繼電(dian)器(qi)斷(duan)開(kai)發熱盤(pan)組(zu)件(jian)電(dian)源,發熱盤(pan)組(zu)件(jian)斷(duan)電(dian)不(bu)發熱,進入(ru)燜飯狀態,燜飯結束后(hou)轉入(ru)保溫狀態。
·保溫
在(zai)(zai)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)狀態(tai),隨著時(shi)間推移(yi),煲膽(內鍋(guo))里的米飯(fan)(fan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下降(jiang)(jiang),使主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下降(jiang)(jiang),當微(wei)電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)檢(jian)測主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下降(jiang)(jiang)到(dao)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的控(kong)制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du),驅動發(fa)熱盤(pan)組(zu)件的電(dian)(dian)源,重新上(shang)電(dian)(dian)加熱,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)上(shang)升(sheng),主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)也(ye)隨之升(sheng)高;當微(wei)電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)檢(jian)測到(dao)主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)升(sheng)高,發(fa)熱盤(pan)組(zu)件斷電(dian)(dian)降(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),主(zhu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下降(jiang)(jiang),重復上(shang)述循環(huan),使電(dian)(dian)飯(fan)(fan)煲維持(chi)在(zai)(zai)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)過程。
·立體保溫
立(li)體(ti)加(jia)熱與(yu)單加(jia)熱的相比的優點:使(shi)用立(li)體(ti)加(jia)熱在煮熟飯后不(bu)易產生冷(leng)凝水,保(bao)溫過程不(bu)會出(chu)現冷(leng)凝水滴落泡白米飯現象,保(bao)溫米飯均(jun)勻(yun)一致。
二、主要控制的元器件功能介紹
a、控溫器
溫(wen)控調(diao)節處(chu),必須用 704硅膠(jiao)膠(jiao)好!該(gai)處(chu)米粒一(yi)樣的絕緣顆粒,一(yi)定不能少!出現(xian)糊鍋的現(xian)象(xiang),可以(yi)稍微調(diao)節該(gai)處(chu)!逆時針旋轉(zhuan)控制轉(zhuan)保溫(wen)溫(wen)度升高!反之(zhi)則降低!
b、限溫器
該處磁鋼必須跳動靈活。
c、微動開關
電飯煲/電飯鍋(guo)通常使(shi)用的微動開關(guan)為以下兩種(zhong)。
d、溫敏電阻
電飯煲常見的感溫電阻為以下幾種,分(fen)別 192℃±4、185℃±4,142℃±4,注(zhu)意連接的方向(xiang)。
e、電腦板
繼電器(qi) CPU。
f、煲底傳感器組件
接熔(rong)斷(duan)體,通電(dian)源火線 L!接溫敏(min)電(dian)阻(傳(chuan)感器)溫敏(min)電(dian)阻、熔(rong)斷(duan)體在里面(mian),接觸該外殼。
g、發熱絲。
h、煲頂發熱絲(si)組件。
三、常見故障電飯(fan)煲維(wei)修(xiu)方法
(一)、煮飯不熟
煮(zhu)飯(fan)后未(wei)燜飯(fan); 發熱盤組(zu)件或(huo)內(nei)鍋變形(xing);
發熱盤(pan)組件與內鍋間有異物;
磁鋼限溫器組件不(bu)良;(機(ji)械煲)微(wei)動開(kai)關(guan)不良;(機械煲) 溫控器或電腦(nao)板(ban)故障;(電子電腦(nao)煲)
(二)、煮焦飯
用戶要求高及(ji)產品米質差異;
磁鋼限(xian)溫器組(zu)件杠桿動作(zuo)不良;(機械煲)微動開(kai)關不良;(機械煲)磁鋼限(xian)溫(wen)器。
組件不良或主(zhu)溫控器損(sun)壞;
雙金屬(shu)片動作不良;(機(ji)械煲)
電腦(nao)板損壞;(電(dian)子(zi)電(dian)腦(nao)煲(bao))
涂層破壞;
(三)、煮飯(粥)溢出
用戶米水量放置偏差(cha)大 部分米質易出現溢出。
部(bu)分產(chan)品防溢性稍(shao)差。
微動(dong)開關(guan)感(gan)溫不良。
上蓋熱敏電阻感溫(wen)不良。
(四)、煮粥效果不良
—微動開關(YNB)不良或在熱態斷開狀態;
—1小時粥(zhou)與(yu)兩小時粥(zhou)功(gong)能(neng)差別(bie);
—煮(zhu)粥過程經常打開上蓋;
—電控、溫(wen)度(du)傳感器故障(zhang);
(五)、燒保險
內(nei)鍋(guo)變形、內(nei)鍋(guo)掛(gua)鍋(guo)導致傳熱不(bu)良。
鍋底、發熱盤組件(jian)異物導致傳熱不良。
注意(yi):電飯煲(bao)產品在使(shi)(shi)用過(guo)程易出(chu)現(xian)內(nei)鍋(guo)及發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤(pan)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件變(bian)形(xing)或發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤(pan)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件與(yu)內(nei)鍋(guo)間有(you)雜物,使(shi)(shi)得(de)內(nei)鍋(guo)與(yu)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤(pan)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件弧度不(bu)(bu)吻(wen)合導致(zhi)(zhi)傳熱(re)(re)(re)不(bu)(bu)良。因(yin)此在出(chu)現(xian)煮飯不(bu)(bu)熟、燒保(bao)險(xian)、發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤(pan)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件熔(rong)化的(de)故障(zhang)時,首(shou)先檢(jian)查內(nei)鍋(guo)、發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤(pan)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件是(shi)否變(bian)形(xing)導致(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)現(xian)傳熱(re)(re)(re)不(bu)(bu)良現(xian)象。而(er)不(bu)(bu)能僅憑故障(zhang)現(xian)象就去更換溫(wen)控器(qi)、保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)、發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)盤(pan)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件,這樣會導致(zhi)(zhi)故障(zhang)再(zai)次出(chu)現(xian)。
四、相關參數附表:
三)顯示故障判斷及維修方法
這種(zhong)型號的(de)電(dian)腦電(dian)飯鍋(guo),功能齊全(quan)、操作簡便、顯示明(ming)了,我們可以(yi)通過(guo)其顯示的(de)數字(zi)及符號來(lai)判斷(duan)其大致的(de)故障,如下表:
顯示故障維修方法
E-2
1、煲底(di)傳感器斷開或燒壞(huai);
2、煲(bao)底傳感器連接到(dao)電(dian)路板上的端子(zi)松脫;
3、煲(bao)底(di)傳感器的接線斷開(kai);
4、煲(bao)底(di)、煲(bao)頂傳感器(qi)同時斷開(kai);
維修方法:
1、更(geng)換(huan)煲底傳感器;
2、將(jiang)煲底傳感器(qi)連接好到電路板(ban)上,保(bao)證其接通;
3、將(jiang)煲(bao)底傳感(gan)器的(de)接線(xian)連接好(hao)
4、分別將煲底、煲頂傳感(gan)器連(lian)接好到電(dian)路板上;
E-1
1、煲底(di)傳感器(qi)短路;
2、煲底(di)傳感器連接到電(dian)路板(ban)上的端(duan)子處(chu)短接;
維修方法:
1、更換(huan)煲底傳感器;
2、將(jiang)煲底傳感(gan)器連(lian)接(jie)好到電路(lu)板(ban)上,保證其接(jie)通;
E-4
1、煲頂傳感器斷開或燒壞;
2、煲頂傳感器連接到電路板(ban)上的端子松脫(tuo);
3、煲頂(ding)傳感器的接線斷開;
維修方法:
1、更(geng)換(huan)煲(bao)頂傳感器(qi);
2、將(jiang)煲頂(ding)傳感(gan)器連接好到電路(lu)板上,保證(zheng)其接通;
3、將煲頂(ding)傳感(gan)器的接(jie)線連接(jie)好;
E-3
1、煲頂(ding)傳感器短路;
2、煲(bao)頂傳感(gan)器連接到電路板上(shang)的端(duan)子(zi)處短接;
維修方法:
1、更(geng)換煲頂傳感器;
2、將煲頂傳(chuan)感器連接(jie)好到(dao)電路板上,保證其接(jie)通;
注意:以上都是(shi)在剛接通電源或工作過程中的情況下出現的。
四)常見判斷故障及原因:
1、若電飯鍋面板無(wu)顯示(shi),操作無(wu)響(xiang)應則檢查;
①電源連接器是否(fou)開路(lu);
②熱保險絲斷;
③分壓(ya)電阻松(song)動,斷(duan)線,接插不(bu)良。
2、面板可操作,但不煮飯,不發熱(re)
①發(fa)熱板(ban)壞,更換發(fa)熱板(ban);
②電腦板(ban)壞,更換相應型號電腦板(ban)。
3、煮飯(fan)按啟動鍵(jian)后,自動退出
①電飯煲煲(bao)底傳感器開路(lu)或短路(lu)或插接不(bu)良。
②煲蓋傳感器開路或短路或插接不(bu)良。
4、電飯鍋煮不熟飯或煮粥(zhou)明(ming)顯(xian)溢出
①煲底煲蓋傳感器裝配不當(dang),感溫不良(liang),應(ying)檢(jian)查每個傳感器是否裝配良(liang)好(hao)
②鍋膽是(shi)否變形(xing) ③菜單(dan)選(xuan)擇(ze)錯誤。
F5、F1、FS7系列故障檢查。