一、棉花采摘機有幾種類型
棉花(hua)(hua)采(cai)(cai)摘機(ji)是專門用來采(cai)(cai)摘棉花(hua)(hua)的(de)農業機(ji)械,現如(ru)今棉花(hua)(hua)采(cai)(cai)摘的(de)機(ji)采(cai)(cai)率(lv)越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)高,采(cai)(cai)棉機(ji)的(de)種(zhong)類(lei)也越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)多,那么采(cai)(cai)棉機(ji)有幾種(zhong)類(lei)型(xing)呢?
在(zai)棉(mian)(mian)花機(ji)(ji)械化收獲(huo)的歷史(shi)上,出現過(guo)多種類型(xing)的棉(mian)(mian)花采摘(zhai)機(ji)(ji)械,按收獲(huo)方法的不同,一般將棉(mian)(mian)花收獲(huo)機(ji)(ji)械分(fen)為摘(zhai)棉(mian)(mian)鈴機(ji)(ji)、采棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)兩(liang)大類。
其中,采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)又分為兩種(zhong)(zhong),一種(zhong)(zhong)是根據棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)的成熟度有選擇的采(cai)摘(zhai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)的棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)選收機(ji),另(ling)一種(zhong)(zhong)是將(jiang)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)連同葉、桃全部采(cai)摘(zhai),然后進行清花(hua),一次性(xing)完(wan)成作業的棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)統(tong)收機(ji),包(bao)括刮板毛刷統(tong)收采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)、梳(shu)脫不對行統(tong)收采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji),由于棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)統(tong)收機(ji)采(cai)凈率(lv)難(nan)以保證,所以總的使用面積、使用量(liang)較少。
現(xian)在市場上(shang)使用的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)選收(shou)機(ji)(ji)(ji),根(gen)據棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)原理以及(ji)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)頭的(de)(de)結構不(bu)同(tong)棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)選收(shou)機(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)分為(wei)兩種(zhong):一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是自走式(shi)水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)錠采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji),大(da)多世界主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)產(chan)棉(mian)(mian)國都(dou)使用該種(zhong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji),目前國內市場上(shang)暢銷(xiao)的(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)大(da)多都(dou)是水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)錠式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji);另一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是自走式(shi)垂直摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)錠采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji),主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)應用在前蘇聯的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)區。垂直摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)錠式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)錠式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)比較(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)缺點(dian)是:作業效率(lv)相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)低,含(han)(han)雜(za)率(lv)相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)高,相(xiang)關(guan)試驗表(biao)明(ming),水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)錠采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈率(lv)達96%,含(han)(han)雜(za)率(lv)約(yue)為(wei)10%左(zuo)右(you),遠較(jiao)(jiao)垂直摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)錠式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)要(yao)(yao)高,我國的(de)(de)新(xin)疆棉(mian)(mian)區早(zao)期曾購買過該種(zhong)垂直摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)錠式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji),但(dan)由于(yu)這(zhe)些缺點(dian),已基本不(bu)再使用。
二、什么樣的采棉機比較好
市(shi)面上生產采棉機(ji)的廠(chang)家(jia)有(you)很多,每(mei)個廠(chang)家(jia)旗下(xia)也有(you)多個采棉機(ji)機(ji)型,不管是(shi)什么采棉機(ji),一般好的棉花采摘(zhai)機(ji)要(yao)滿足(zu)以下(xia)幾個要(yao)求:
1、采凈率高
要求采(cai)凈率(lv)可達93%以上(shang),含雜(za)率(lv)不高于10%。
2、作業效率高
采棉機的(de)作業效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)主要(yao)與采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)速度和作業時(shi)間有(you)關,作業時(shi)間固定情況下,采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)速度越(yue)快,效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)越(yue)高,好的(de)采(cai)(cai)棉機一(yi)次可進行6行棉花的(de)同(tong)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou),采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)量更大,效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)更高。
3、智能化高
隨機(ji)配備采(cai)收畝數計(ji)量系(xi)統(tong),實現采(cai)收畝數實時計(ji)量,無須額(e)外(wai)配備GPS,采(cai)棉頭采(cai)用電子仿形控制系(xi)統(tong),配備智能控制采(cai)摘速(su)度匹配系(xi)統(tong)。獨有云服務程(cheng)序,可利用手機(ji)隨時隨地(di)監管查看(kan)采(cai)棉機(ji)工(gong)作狀態、作業地(di)點(dian)等相關信息(xi)。
4、安全
要求(qiu)隨(sui)車配備(bei)一鍵卸棉消防噴淋系統,自帶大容量(liang)消防水箱,加(jia)持大功率水泵(beng),反應迅(xun)速,保證消防安全。