一、液壓馬達和電機的區別在哪里

液(ye)壓馬達和電動(dong)機最主(zhu)要的(de)區(qu)別在于動(dong)力來源(yuan)不一樣(yang)，液(ye)壓馬達的(de)能量(liang)來源(yuan)是液(ye)壓油的(de)壓力勢能，電動(dong)機的(de)能量(liang)來源(yuan)是電勢能。

1、液壓馬達：

液壓(ya)馬達是液壓(ya)系統的(de)一(yi)種執行(xing)元(yuan)件，它將液壓(ya)泵提供的(de)液體壓(ya)力(li)能(neng)轉變為其輸(shu)出(chu)軸的(de)機(ji)械能(neng)（轉矩和(he)轉速）。

液(ye)壓馬達(da)亦稱為油(you)馬達(da)，主要(yao)應用(yong)于注(zhu)塑(su)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、船(chuan)舶(bo)、起(qi)揚機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、工程機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、建筑機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、煤礦機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、礦山機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、冶(ye)金機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、船(chuan)舶(bo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、石油(you)化工、港口機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)等。具有(you)體積小(xiao)、重量輕(qing)、結構簡單、工藝性(xing)(xing)好、對油(you)液(ye)的污(wu)染不敏感、耐(nai)沖擊(ji)和慣性(xing)(xing)小(xiao)等優(you)點。缺點有(you)扭矩(ju)(ju)脈動較大(da)、效(xiao)率較低(di)、起(qi)動扭矩(ju)(ju)較小(xiao)（僅為額(e)定扭矩(ju)(ju)的60%——70%）和低(di)速穩定性(xing)(xing)差(cha)等。

2、電動機：

電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)（Motor）是(shi)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)能轉(zhuan)換成機(ji)(ji)械能的一(yi)種(zhong)設(she)備。它是(shi)利用(yong)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)線圈（也就是(shi)定子(zi)繞組(zu)）產生旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)并作用(yong)于轉(zhuan)子(zi)（如鼠籠式閉合鋁框）形成磁(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)扭(niu)矩。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)按使用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源不(bu)同(tong)分為直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)和(he)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)大部分是(shi)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，可以是(shi)同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)或(huo)者是(shi)異步(bu)(bu)(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)定子(zi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)轉(zhuan)速與(yu)轉(zhuan)子(zi)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)轉(zhuan)速不(bu)保持同(tong)步(bu)(bu)(bu)速）。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)主要由定子(zi)與(yu)轉(zhuan)子(zi)組(zu)成，通電(dian)(dian)(dian)導線在磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)中受(shou)力運動(dong)(dong)(dong)的方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)跟電(dian)(dian)(dian)流方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)和(he)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)感(gan)線（磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)）方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)有關。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)工作原理是(shi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流受(shou)力的作用(yong)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。

二、液壓馬達可以代替電機使用嗎

液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)能否代替電機(ji)要(yao)根據實(shi)際的情況而定，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)的動(dong)(dong)(dong)力來(lai)源也是要(yao)靠電機(ji)或者發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)來(lai)提供(gong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力來(lai)源，通(tong)過液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系統泵閥轉換后才(cai)能驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)提供(gong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力源。至于是使用液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)還是電機(ji)這(zhe)要(yao)根據實(shi)際的情況，如(ru)果需要(yao)的扭(niu)矩大(da)就要(yao)通(tong)過液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)，如(ru)果扭(niu)矩一(yi)般(ban)就可以通(tong)過電機(ji)來(lai)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)。