共同共有是什么意思
共同共有,是指每個共有人對共有財產不分份額地享有共同的權利,承擔共同的義務。共同共有一般是基于共同生活、共同勞動而產生,如夫妻共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)、家(jia)庭共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)等。共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)財(cai)產的使用、處分(fen)應當由全(quan)體(ti)共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)人(ren)協商(shang)一致。在共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)關系存續期間,部分(fen)共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)人(ren)擅自處分(fen)共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)財(cai)產的,一般認定(ding)無(wu)效。
按份共有是什么意思
按(an)份共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you),是指共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)人分(fen)別按(an)照確(que)定的份額對(dui)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)財產分(fen)享權(quan)利、分(fen)擔義務。如:甲(jia)、乙(yi)、丙三個(ge)農民(min)各出1萬元買了一輛(liang)農用運輸車(che),則甲(jia)、乙(yi)、丙對(dui)這輛(liang)車(che)各自(zi)享有(you)(you)1/3的權(quan)利,也各自(zi)分(fen)擔1/3的義務。按(an)份共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)各共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)人的份額多(duo)少(shao)由(you)法律(lv)規定,沒有(you)(you)法律(lv)規定的,由(you)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)人協議約定,原則上按(an)各共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)人的出資比(bi)例(li)確(que)定其共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)份額。
按份共有和共同共有的區別聯系
【聯系】
兩者都是由兩個或兩個以上的人對同一項財產享有所有權和共(gong)同(tong)承擔相應的義(yi)務,共(gong)有人(ren)的權利都基于共(gong)有物的全(quan)部。
【區別】
1、產生的依據不同
房屋的(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)共(gong)(gong)有根據共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)產生,以(yi)某種共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)的(de)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)作為發生的(de)必(bi)要條(tiao)例(li)。例(li)如,以(yi)夫妻關(guan)(guan)系(xi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)為必(bi)要條(tiao)件,以(yi)家庭關(guan)(guan)系(xi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)為必(bi)要條(tiao)件,以(yi)合伙關(guan)(guan)系(xi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)為必(bi)要條(tiao)件。而按份共(gong)(gong)有則不需要這個前(qian)提條(tiao)件,只需要共(gong)(gong)有人的(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)意志(zhi)而發生。
2、享有權利的范圍不同
在共(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)有(you)中,共(gong)(gong)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)房(fang)屋是(shi)(shi)不分(fen)份(fen)額(e)的(de)(de)(de),共(gong)(gong)有(you)人(ren)對共(gong)(gong)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)房(fang)屋平(ping)等地享有(you)權(quan)利(li)并(bing)(bing)承擔義(yi)務(wu),只要有(you)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)關系(xi)(xi)存(cun)(cun)在,就不能(neng)劃分(fen)各共(gong)(gong)有(you)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)房(fang)產(chan)(chan)份(fen)額(e)。只有(you)在共(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)有(you)關系(xi)(xi)終止時,才(cai)可以(yi)對共(gong)(gong)有(you)房(fang)產(chan)(chan)進行(xing)分(fen)額(e),確(que)定自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)份(fen)額(e)。例(li)如,夫(fu)妻關系(xi)(xi)存(cun)(cun)續期間共(gong)(gong)同(tong)購買的(de)(de)(de)一套(tao)四房(fang)兩廳商(shang)品(pin)房(fang),就不能(neng)劃分(fen)哪間房(fang)是(shi)(shi)丈夫(fu)的(de)(de)(de),哪間房(fang)是(shi)(shi)妻子的(de)(de)(de)。假(jia)如夫(fu)妻離婚,即(ji)可依(yi)法進行(xing)分(fen)割。而按(an)份(fen)共(gong)(gong)有(you),是(shi)(shi)按(an)照各自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)份(fen)額(e)享有(you)權(quan)利(li)并(bing)(bing)承擔義(yi)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)。
3、對共有房屋的處分方式不同
根據《民法典(dian)》規(gui)定(ding):“按份(fen)共有(you)財產的(de)每個共有(you)人(ren)(ren)有(you)權要求將(jiang)自己的(de)份(fen)額分出或者轉讓,但在(zai)(zai)出售時,其他共有(you)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)同(tong)等條(tiao)件下,有(you)優先購(gou)買(mai)的(de)權利(li)。”;“按份(fen)共有(you)人(ren)(ren)可以轉讓其享有(you)的(de)共有(you)的(de)不動(dong)產或者動(dong)產份(fen)額。其他共有(you)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)同(tong)等條(tiao)件下享有(you)優先購(gou)買(mai)的(de)權利(li)。”
在按份(fen)共有中(zhong)(zhong),各共有權人可以(yi)自由處分(fen)共有房(fang)產中(zhong)(zhong)屬于(yu)自己(ji)的份(fen)額,而無需征得其他共有人的同(tong)意,其他共有人只能在同(tong)等(deng)條件下享有優(you)先購買權。
而共同共有的房屋,共(gong)有人要對共(gong)有房產(chan)進(jin)行(xing)處分(fen)時,必須取得全體共(gong)有人的同意或者占份額三分(fen)之二以上的人同意,否(fou)則,部分(fen)共(gong)有人擅自處分(fen)的共(gong)有房產(chan),一般情(qing)況(kuang)下都認定為(wei)無效。
共同共有的房子如何確定份額
1、我國《民法(fa)典(dian)》對共(gong)同共(gong)有(you)份額(e)的規定:將按份共(gong)有(you)作為(wei)共(gong)有(you)的常態。共(gong)同共(gong)有(you)是不分份額(e)的共(gong)有(you)。
2、房屋的(de)所(suo)有(you)(you)權(quan)不劃分所(suo)有(you)(you)權(quan)份額,各所(suo)有(you)(you)權(quan)人享(xiang)有(you)(you)平等的(de)權(quan)利(li)。
3、除法律規定或(huo)當事(shi)人(ren)另有約定外,不(bu)能(neng)對房屋進行分割,不(bu)能(neng)終止(zhi)房屋共(gong)有關系(xi)。只有出現法定或(huo)約定事(shi)由(you),導(dao)致共(gong)同(tong)關系(xi)歸于消滅(mie)時,共(gong)有人(ren)才(cai)(cai)能(neng)對財(cai)(cai)產進行分割。例如:夫妻財(cai)(cai)產的分割,只有在(zai)婚姻關系(xi)解除時,才(cai)(cai)能(neng)對共(gong)同(tong)財(cai)(cai)產進行分割。