簡介
高廟(miao)整體建筑(zhu)是中國古代建筑(zhu)藝術(shu)的(de)結(jie)晶(jing),它布局嚴謹(jin),為逐(zhu)層拾階增(zeng)高。主體建筑(zhu)始(shi)終分布在一條中軸線上,兩(liang)側各有配殿,結(jie)構、面積相同(tong)。
詳細信息
高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)共(gong)3層,每層重(zhong)樓(lou)疊閣(ge)(ge),亭廊相連,檐(yan)牙相啄(zhuo),脊角(jiao)伸展,構成了迂回曲折的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群。據一(yi)些(xie)老年(nian)(nian)人(ren)回憶,為(wei)(wei)(wei)了建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)好高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),使(shi)其充分(fen)吸納各(ge)(ge)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)風(feng)格,1941年(nian)(nian)5月3日高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時,從河(he)北、陜西(xi)等(deng)(deng)省聘請具有高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)超技(ji)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)間(jian)(jian)工匠來(lai)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。歷史(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang),靈(ling)(ling)武(wu)屬邊疆重(zhong)鎮(zhen),經濟、文化比較發達,故城(cheng)中廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇數(shu)量(liang)很多,如火神(shen)(shen)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)、精(jing)忠廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)、魯班廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。由(you)(you)于香(xiang)火鼎盛,逢廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會、節日除(chu)本(ben)(ben)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)百(bai)姓(xing)拜佛(fo)(fo)敬(jing)香(xiang)外,陜、蒙(meng)等(deng)(deng)周邊省區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)群眾(zhong)也(ye)源源不(bu)斷地趕來(lai)參加活動(dong)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)自(zi)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)完工后,得到了百(bai)姓(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)呵(he)護(hu)(hu),香(xiang)火旺盛,名氣(qi)大增。但是由(you)(you)于舊社會政治形(xing)勢極(ji)不(bu)穩定,特別是歷次戰火中多次遭劫難,高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)最(zui)終(zhong)于清(qing)代兵亂戰火中毀壞。1940年(nian)(nian),由(you)(you)靈(ling)(ling)武(wu)知(zhi)名人(ren)士郭(guo)創業及部(bu)分(fen)官吏、百(bai)姓(xing)動(dong)議出資重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),得到各(ge)(ge)方(fang)支持,于1945年(nian)(nian)夏竣(jun)工。這次高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)汲取了歷史(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些(xie)教(jiao)訓,在高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)度、造型、防震(zhen)等(deng)(deng)工藝(yi)方(fang)面(mian)進(jin)行了改(gai)進(jin),同時采納中衛高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)等(deng)(deng)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)構優勢,在雕(diao)塑(su)、彩繪上(shang)(shang)(shang)精(jing)雕(diao)細刻(ke),使(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)精(jing)美的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)精(jing)品(pin)。“文化大革(ge)(ge)命”期(qi)間(jian)(jian),高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)又遭浩劫,臺基(ji)下(xia)(xia)被挖(wa)空(kong),改(gai)革(ge)(ge)成防空(kong)指揮部(bu),拆下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)木料全部(bu)用于各(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)衛生院(yuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設。改(gai)革(ge)(ge)開放(fang)后,隨著(zhu)黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)族宗教(jiao)政策的(de)(de)(de)(de)落實,靈(ling)(ling)武(wu)人(ren)趙杰(jie)(jie)等(deng)(deng)人(ren)聯(lian)名上(shang)(shang)(shang)書(shu)縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政府,求重(zhong)新修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。1991年(nian)(nian)3月,經自(zi)治區(qu)文化廳批(pi)準(zhun),依原貌(mao)(mao)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。1993年(nian)(nian)8月,重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工程竣(jun)工。這次高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)本(ben)(ben)著(zhu)依托(tuo)原貌(mao)(mao)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于原貌(mao)(mao),高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)標(biao)準(zhun)嚴要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則進(jin)行施工。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)管(guan)理委員會委托(tuo)西(xi)安(an)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設計院(yuan)進(jin)行設計,使(shi)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)更(geng)顯得雄(xiong)偉(wei)莊重(zhong)、氣(qi)勢壯觀(guan)。現在高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)占地面(mian)積(ji)(ji)5000平方(fang)米,廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)2000平方(fang)米,正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)30米,臺基(ji)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)11米,整體廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇坐北朝南(nan)。主要(yao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)有南(nan)天門(men)、觀(guan)音閣(ge)(ge)、無量(liang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、王母殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、玉皇(huang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、三清(qing)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)有鐘(zhong)鼓樓(lou)、文昌(chang)閣(ge)(ge)、武(wu)昌(chang)閣(ge)(ge)、天王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)(deng)11座建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物。走進(jin)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)直接映(ying)入(ru)眼簾的(de)(de)(de)(de)是高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)山門(men),山門(men)用青磚精(jing)雕(diao)著(zhu)一(yi)副對聯(lian),上(shang)(shang)(shang)聯(lian)是“慈心勸眾(zhong)生諸惡切莫作(zuo)”,下(xia)(xia)聯(lian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“悲愿救迷(mi)津眾(zhong)善必奉(feng)行”,橫批(pi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“護(hu)(hu)國安(an)民(min)”。兩(liang)道(dao)偏(pian)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)方(fang)刻(ke)著(zhu)“鎮(zhen)惡”、“揚善”兩(liang)方(fang)警示磚匾。進(jin)入(ru)山門(men),迎面(mian)是雄(xiong)偉(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇群,沿33級(ji)臺階而上(shang)(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇正(zheng)門(men),上(shang)(shang)(shang)懸“南(nan)天門(men)”匾額。門(men)兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)有一(yi)副對聯(lian),上(shang)(shang)(shang)聯(lian)是“梅開二(er)度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)重(zhong)現雄(xiong)姿”,下(xia)(xia)聯(lian)是“人(ren)聚三秋靈(ling)(ling)州(zhou)又添異彩”。南(nan)天門(men)兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)有兩(liang)座偏(pian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),內塑(su)靈(ling)(ling)宮、天王諸神(shen)(shen)佛(fo)(fo)。過(guo)南(nan)天門(men),進(jin)二(er)道(dao)門(men)入(ru)天井(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇中樓(lou),天井(jing)上(shang)(shang)(shang)層是觀(guan)音殿(dian)(dian)(dian),通過(guo)甬道(dao)達北部(bu)正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)各(ge)(ge)有兩(liang)座獨立廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)閣(ge)(ge)樓(lou)宇,東側(ce)(ce)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鐘(zhong)樓(lou)、文昌(chang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),西(xi)側(ce)(ce)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鼓樓(lou)、武(wu)昌(chang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)六角(jiao)三重(zhong)檐(yan),四(si)面(mian)坡頂分(fen)三層疊合(he),是整個高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)群體中規模最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)門(men)有一(yi)副對聯(lian),上(shang)(shang)(shang)聯(lian)是“殿(dian)(dian)(dian)宇輝煌人(ren)杰(jie)(jie)地靈(ling)(ling)千古(gu)跡”,下(xia)(xia)聯(lian)是“神(shen)(shen)功浩蕩物阜民(min)安(an)萬年(nian)(nian)昌(chang)”。正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)共(gong)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三層,第一(yi)層為(wei)(wei)(wei)大雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian),塑(su)有釋(shi)迦、如來(lai)諸佛(fo)(fo)。正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)后有夾道(dao),有東
西兩木(mu)(mu)梯可登上(shang)二層(ceng)。二層(ceng)殿(dian)內(nei)(nei)塑(su)玉皇大(da)帝(di)諸(zhu)神。二層(ceng)與觀音殿(dian)有木(mu)(mu)道(dao)相通,兩側有木(mu)(mu)梯可上(shang)三層(ceng)。三層(ceng)殿(dian)內(nei)(nei)塑(su)有太上(shang)老君(jun)、元始天(tian)尊(zun)、道(dao)德天(tian)尊(zun)神像(xiang)。整個(ge)(ge)高(gao)(gao)廟的(de)(de)主要建筑都位于中軸線上(shang),層(ceng)層(ceng)相距,逐步增高(gao)(gao)。輔助(zhu)建筑位于兩側,均衡對稱,將各個(ge)(ge)殿(dian)堂襯托得莊重(zhong)大(da)方。建筑群亭(ting)廊相連,飛檐相啄(zhuo),回環曲折。門樓(lou)雕刻圖案(an)精(jing)美,樓(lou)頂藻(zao)井構圖色彩(cai)艷麗(li)。壁面名人(ren)書畫墨氣淋(lin)漓(li),各具千秋。一些歷(li)史傳說繪畫栩(xu)(xu)栩(xu)(xu)如生,想象(xiang)豐富,形象(xiang)生動,筆法細膩(ni),其藝術價值和(he)工(gong)藝水平大(da)大(da)超過了20世紀40年代所建的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)廟。
登高(gao)遠眺,黃河蜿蜒(yan)北去(qu),千頃(qing)稻(dao)浪,果林(lin)葳(wei)蕤,花(hua)果飄香。夜(ye)晚霓虹(hong)燈閃爍,高(gao)廟以又(you)一種優美的姿態聳(song)立于星光閃爍的夜(ye)空。