簡介
太乙(yi)(yi)(yi)觀地處全(quan)國(guo)“楠竹、桂花之(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)”,湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)“全(quan)國(guo)溫泉之(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)”咸寧溫泉之(zhi)(zhi)太乙(yi)(yi)(yi)山上,與楚天(tian)第一(yi)洞“太乙(yi)(yi)(yi)洞”首尾相應;距鄰(lin)武漢東南(nan)方80公(gong)里路(lu)程,是107國(guo)道(dao)(dao)、京珠高速與京廣線的(de)要(yao)口,是湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)道(dao)(dao)教(jiao)著(zhu)名宮觀之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。
歷史悠久
此處(chu)千(qian)巒環翠,萬壑流清。高山凹澤,平臺峻懸,崎(qi)嶇(qu)山路,似壅而通(tong)。崢嶸澗(jian)道,盤(pan)迂復直,竹(zhu)里通(tong)幽,自成天然
職能和奉(feng)祀(si):《太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)上三洞表(biao)文》中(zhong)稱(cheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)有(you)九,即:太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)、十方救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)、九幽拔罪天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)、朱陵度命天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)、火煉(lian)丹界天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)、法(fa)橋(qiao)大度天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)、金闕(que)化身(shen)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)、逍遙快樂(le)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)、寶(bao)華圓(yuan)滿(man)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)等(deng)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)居九天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)職就(jiu)是「至圣至仁,極(ji)慈(ci)極(ji)愛,乘(cheng)九師(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)仙(xian)(xian)馭,散百寶(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)祥光(guang),接引浮生」。傳(chuan)稱(cheng),人(ren)如遇(yu)到苦(ku)(ku)難,只(zhi)要念(nian)誦太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)名號,太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)就(jiu)會隨聲應(ying)化,幫助人(ren)解憂排難,化兇為吉。對於(wu)積功行善、功行圓(yuan)滿(man)之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)會「乘(cheng)九師(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)仙(xian)(xian)馭,散百寶(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)祥光(guang)」,接引升(sheng)仙(xian)(xian)。道(dao)教(jiao)的主要宮觀一般(ban)都有(you)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)殿,供奉(feng)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)像(xiang)或神(shen)位(wei)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)像(xiang)常作(zuo)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)騎獅子狀。道(dao)教(jiao)徒(tu)通常只(zhi)是在(zai)上中(zhong)下三元(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)日或為亡魂(hun)舉行黃箓超度道(dao)場時,才奉(feng)祀(si)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)。宋元(yuan)以來,道(dao)教(jiao)科(ke)儀(yi)中(zhong)以太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)為主神(shen)的,名目繁多(duo)。例(li)如:《太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)說拔度血湖(hu)寶(bao)懺》、《靈寶(bao)煉(lian)度》、《九幽燈儀(yi)》等(deng)等(deng)。在(zai)此類(lei)科(ke)儀(yi)中(zhong),太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)救(jiu)苦(ku)(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)除了接引浮生以外,還(huan)主持以水火交煉(lian)亡魂(hun)、主持清蕩(dang)血湖(hu)地獄,破獄拔度罪魂(hun)等(deng)等(deng)。
青帝,文學形象(xiang)為太乙真人.就是(shi)救苦天尊.
太(tai)乙(yi)救(jiu)(jiu)苦天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)有(you)“尋聲救(jiu)(jiu)苦天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)”、“十方救(jiu)(jiu)苦天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)”等號,簡稱救(jiu)(jiu)苦天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)。相傳其為(wei)玉皇大帝二(er)侍者之一(yi),配合玉帝統御萬(wan)類(lei)。道(dao)教(jiao)說他由青玄上帝神化(hua)而來,誓愿救(jiu)(jiu)度(du)一(yi)切(qie)眾生,所(suo)以(yi)炁化(hua)救(jiu)(jiu)苦天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)以(yi)度(du)世。據《太(tai)乙(yi)救(jiu)(jiu)苦護身妙經》說:“東方長樂世界有(you)大慈仁者,太(tai)乙(yi)救(jiu)(jiu)苦天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)化(hua)身如(ru)恒沙數,物隨(sui)(sui)聲應。或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)住(zhu)天(tian)(tian)宮,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)降人間,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)居地(di)獄,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)攝群耶,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)仙童玉女,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)帝君圣人,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)真人,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)金(jin)剛神王(wang),或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)魔(mo)王(wang)力士,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)天(tian)(tian)師(shi)道(dao)士,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)皇人老(lao)君,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)天(tian)(tian)醫功(gong)曹,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)男子女子,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)文(wen)武官宰,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)都大元師(shi),或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)教(jiao)師(shi)禪師(shi),或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)為(wei)風(feng)師(shi)雨師(shi),神通無(wu)(wu)量,功(gong)行無(wu)(wu)窮,尋聲救(jiu)(jiu)苦,應物隨(sui)(sui)機。”
“此圣在(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)呼(hu)太一福神,在(zai)(zai)世(shi)呼(hu)為(wei)大(da)慈仁者,在(zai)(zai)地(di)獄(yu)呼(hu)為(wei)日耀帝(di)君,在(zai)(zai)外道(dao)攝(she)耶呼(hu)為(wei)獅(shi)子明王,在(zai)(zai)水府呼(hu)為(wei)洞洲帝(di)君。”若遇到困(kun)難,只要祈(qi)禱天(tian)(tian)尊或“誦念圣號”,即(ji)可“解憂(you)排(pai)難,化兇為(wei)吉”,亦可“功行圓滿,天(tian)(tian)日升天(tian)(tian)”。
至于(yu)(yu)天尊的形象,《道教靈驗記》描繪道:端坐(zuo)于(yu)(yu)九(jiu)色(se)蓮花(hua)座,周(zhou)圍有(you)九(jiu)頭(tou)獅子(zi)口吐(tu)火焰,簇(cu)擁寶(bao)座,頭(tou)上環繞(rao)九(jiu)色(se)神(shen)(shen)光,放射萬丈(zhang)光芒(mang),眾多(duo)真(zhen)人、力士、金剛神(shen)(shen)王、金童玉(yu)女恃衛在他(ta)身旁。其誕辰日為農歷的十一月十一日,相傳民間的《拔度血湖寶(bao)懺(chan)》是他(ta)傳授的。又《青玄濟(ji)煉鐵罐施(shi)自全集》稱他(ta):身騎九(jiu)頭(tou)獅子(zi),手(shou)持楊柳灑瓊漿(jiang)以救苦度亡,“東極(ji)(ji)青華妙嚴宮,紫霧(wu)霞(xia)光徹太空;千朵蓮花(hua)映寶(bao)座,九(jiu)頭(tou)獅子(zi)出云中;南極(ji)(ji)丹(dan)臺開(kai)寶(bao)笈,北(bei)都玄禁破羅(luo)豐;唯愿(yuan)垂光來救苦,眾等稽首(shou)禮慈(ci)窖;施(shi)食功德不思(si)議,孤(gu)魂(hun)滯(zhi)魄早超升”。
對于天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊的(de)(de)神(shen)職,《漂放蓮(lian)燈集·放生(sheng)咒》曰(yue):“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)羅(luo)神(shen),地(di)羅(luo)神(shen),慧(hui)劍出(chu)鞘斬(zhan)妖精(jing),一(yi)切(qie)災難化為塵,尋聲(sheng)救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)解救(jiu)(jiu)羅(luo)網苦(ku)辛,太(tai)乙救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)救(jiu)(jiu)難度(du)眾生(sheng)。”《靈(ling)寶無量(liang)度(du)人上經(jing)大(da)法》卷五(wu)七曰(yue):“太(tai)一(yi)尋聲(sheng)救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊主煉仙魄”和“太(tai)一(yi)救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊隨形赴感,尋聲(sheng)救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊應念垂慈。”道經(jing)還稱東極青玄(xuan)上帝(di)即化太(tai)乙救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊,又(you)應化十方,而為十方救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊。《十王告簡全集》中(zhong)即列有(you)十方救(jiu)(jiu)苦(ku)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)尊的(de)(de)職能,稱:
東方(fang)玉寶皇上天(tian)尊:“位列震宮,尊居卯位,執掌風(feng)雷地獄(yu),權衡霹靂之威,行善者作于(yu)青篇,作惡者標(biao)于(yu)黑簿,考察無私。
南方玄真萬(wan)福天尊:“位列離宮,尊居午位,執(zhi)掌火醫地獄,威專烈(lie)焰(yan)之權,杳杳冥譴,莫(mo)破幽之燭,茫茫苦梅(mei),難逢濟險之舟,生死殊途,輪目不免。”
西方(fang)太妙至極天尊(zun):“位(wei)列兌宮,尊(zun)居酉位(wei),執掌(zhang)金鋼地(di)獄,威司考掠之(zhi)權,詮量功德(de),了無(wu)毫發之(zhi)私,報對冤仇,備極再(zai)三之(zhi)間,善篇有記,罪積無(wu)差。
北方(fang)玄上(shang)玉宸天尊:“位居(ju)(ju)坎(kan)宮,尊居(ju)(ju)子位,執(zhi)掌冥冷地(di)獄,權衡(heng)冰雪之威,城峙四同之鐵,欲(yu)出無門,劍生萬(wan)樹之傍,實觀有懼,眾(zhong)生無賴,五苦難逃。
東北方(fang)度仙上圣(sheng)天尊:“位(wei)列艮宮,尊居丑位(wei),執(zhi)掌鑊揚地獄,威張煮潰之權,七(qi)情(qing)六欲,難逃業境之分(fen)明,五體四肢,最苦風月之持掠,死生判(pan)注(zhu),善(shan)惡攸分(fen)。”
東南方好生度命天尊(zun)(zun):“位列(lie)巽宮,尊(zun)(zun)居幽府,執掌(zhang)銅柱地獄(yu),威專履足之刑(xing),辯明善惡(e),如日月之無私,注判姓(xing)名,若風雷之莫測(ce)。凡有(you)眾(zhong)生,難逃(tao)六道。”
西南方太靈虛皇天尊:“位列坤(kun)宮,尊居(ju)泉曲,執(zhi)掌屠(tu)割地獄,威(wei)權刀割之刑(xing),無(wu)偏無(wu)黨(dang),賞刑(xing)罰(fa)于(yu)多劫(jie)千生,難(nan)理(li)難(nan)明(ming),辨枉直于(yu)四甸九日,死生展(zhan)轉,功德定(ding)分。”
西北(bei)方無(wu)(wu)量太(tai)華(hua)天尊(zun):“位列乾(qian)宮,尊(zun)居(ju)陰府,執(zhi)掌火(huo)車地獄,威司運轉之權(quan),設(she)衡石而考(kao)功過,平等(deng)無(wu)(wu)私,主夙人(ren)以判升沉,磨研有當(dang),無(wu)(wu)私無(wu)(wu)曲,不順不逆。”
上方玉虛明(ming)皇天尊(zun):“敕合乾元,德隆坤域,執掌昔掠地(di)(di)(di)獄,威張(zhang)熾盛之權,三百六甸之黜陟,事事難(nan)明(ming),一十八地(di)(di)(di)獄之經由,人(ren)人(ren)戰栗,凡積愆(qian)于(yu)平(ping)日(ri),必定罪于(yu)斯時,九(jiu)地(di)(di)(di)輪目,三途往返。”
下方(fang)真皇洞神天尊:“位尊幽都(dou),名尊十帝,執掌羅豐之(zhi)(zhi)府,權(quan)衡憲法(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)嚴,有(you)生(sheng)有(you)死,兩(liang)分而入之(zhi)(zhi)機,無黨無偏(pian),三等(deng)幽冥之(zhi)(zhi)持,他(ta)時所造,此際何逃。”
上述諸天(tian)尊的(de)神(shen)性職守,已體現出地府冥王的(de)職能(neng)。為了治理九幽冥府神(shen)鬼之事,十方救苦天(tian)尊還化十方冥王、真君(jun)。
東方玉寶(bao)皇上天尊化冥(ming)府一殿泰(tai)素妙廣真(zhen)君秉廣大王,神(shen)居玄冥(ming)宮,神(shen)誕二(er)月一日。