全國重點文物保護單位(wei)(wei)戒(jie)(jie)臺(tai)寺,位(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)北(bei)京門(men)頭溝區(qu)(qu)馬(ma)鞍山麓,距京城35公里,離區(qu)(qu)政府11公里,西靠極樂峰,南倚六國嶺,北(bei)對(dui)石龍山,東(dong)眺北(bei)京城,海(hai)拔300多(duo)米(mi),屬(shu)溫(wen)帶大陸性氣候,春(chun)季干(gan)旱多(duo)風沙(sha),夏季溫(wen)暖多(duo)雨(yu),秋季涼爽濕潤,冬季寒(han)冷干(gan)燥。寺院坐西朝(chao)東(dong),建筑高峻(jun)宏偉,景(jing)色綺麗。戒(jie)(jie)臺(tai)寺始建于(yu)(yu)隋朝(chao),至(zhi)今已(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)1400多(duo)年的歷史,在中(zhong)國佛教界(jie)占(zhan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)重要地位(wei)(wei),由于(yu)(yu)寺內的戒(jie)(jie)壇(tan)可以授佛門(men)高戒(jie)(jie)律菩薩戒(jie)(jie),因而(er)(er)成(cheng)為中(zhong)國佛教高學(xue)府之(zhi)一。整(zheng)座寺院既有(you)(you)(you)(you)北(bei)方寺廟(miao)巍峨(e)宏大的氣勢,又有(you)(you)(you)(you)江南園林清(qing)幽(you)秀雅(ya)的情趣,既有(you)(you)(you)(you)濃(nong)重的佛教色彩,又有(you)(you)(you)(you)神奇秀美的自然景(jing)觀。1997年初經有(you)(you)(you)(you)關部門(men)批準,僧團進駐,恢(hui)復為宗教活動所。戒(jie)(jie)臺(tai)寺夙以“戒(jie)(jie)壇(tan)”、“奇松”、“古(gu)洞(dong)”而(er)(er)著稱于(yu)(yu)世,寺內戒(jie)(jie)壇(tan)肇建于(yu)(yu)遼代咸雍五年,是“全國三(san)大戒(jie)(jie)壇(tan)”之(zhi)首,故(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)“天下第一壇(tan)”之(zhi)稱。
戒臺寺內外滿(man)山清翠,古樹(shu)成林。其(qi)中,國(guo)家一二級(ji)保護(hu)樹(shu)木就有(you)88棵,其(qi)樹(shu)種有(you)油松(song)(song)(song)、白(bai)皮松(song)(song)(song)、側柏、國(guo)槐、銀(yin)杏等。其(qi)中數(shu)量多的(de)(de)是松(song)(song)(song)樹(shu),著名(ming)的(de)(de)當屬古松(song)(song)(song)。這些古松(song)(song)(song)經過了千百年風霜雪雨(yu)的(de)(de)磨礪,形成了各種奇特的(de)(de)造型,具有(you)很高(gao)的(de)(de)欣賞價值,是歷代(dai)文人(ren)雅士贊詠的(de)(de)寵物。明清時期,戒臺寺的(de)(de)名(ming)松(song)(song)(song)就已經聞名(ming)天(tian)下(xia)。如九龍松(song)(song)(song)、抱塔松(song)(song)(song)、臥龍松(song)(song)(song)、自在(zai)松(song)(song)(song)、活(huo)動(dong)松(song)(song)(song)等。
戒(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)臺寺(si)(si)始建于隋開(kai)皇年(nian)間,公元581年(nian)。被當(dang)時稱為(wei)佛門棟梁的智周大(da)和尚(shang)帶領弟子開(kai)山建寺(si)(si)。遼代法均大(da)師,在(zai)此首創戒(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)臺。中興(xing)之祖智幻,寺(si)(si)院(yuan)香火(huo)繚(liao)繞,廟宇(yu)巍峨。上至(zhi)皇室宗親(qin),下至(zhi)百姓信眾,都以(yi)在(zai)戒(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)臺寺(si)(si)受戒(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)吃齋念佛為(wei)榮。
戒臺(tai)寺齋(zhai)堂坐落于戒臺(tai)寺大雄寶殿南(nan)墻外,在(zai)歷(li)史上也隨(sui)戒臺(tai)寺幾(ji)經興衰(shuai),但不論興衰(shuai)與否,齋(zhai)堂依舊作為為民舍(she)粥(zhou)、寺院僧(seng)眾(zhong)吃齋(zhai)之場所(suo)。在(zai)抗日年間北平城(cheng)外,逃(tao)難(nan)(nan)百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)無家可歸,戒臺(tai)寺在(zai)當時便成為逃(tao)難(nan)(nan)百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)遮風避(bi)雨的(de)(de)一(yi)處居所(suo),而(er)齋(zhai)堂在(zai)當時可謂是百(bai)(bai)家廚房。寺院舍(she)粥(zhou),百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)互(hu)(hu)幫互(hu)(hu)助(zhu),在(zai)此度過了中國艱難(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)時刻。
京西(xi)古剎戒(jie)臺寺(si)(si)(si)內有一座大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭,原是(shi)地藏院的(de)(de)附(fu)屬建筑。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭為(wei)卷棚頂,四(si)根支柱呈(cheng)八(ba)字形(xing)(xing)叉開斜立,式樣(yang)別(bie)致。在(zai)亭內原掛(gua)有一口(kou)高3.2米(mi),下(xia)(xia)口(kou)直徑2.2米(mi)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)鐵鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),名叫幽(you)瞑鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),主要供(gong)(gong)(gong)每年(nian)的(de)(de)7月(yue)30日戒(jie)臺寺(si)(si)(si)做(zuo)地藏法會之用。大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭位于(yu)寺(si)(si)(si)院東(dong)北角(jiao)6米(mi)多高的(de)(de)臺基之上,背后三(san)面環(huan)山(shan)(shan),前方(fang)東(dong)望平原,居(ju)高臨下(xia)(xia),毫(hao)無遮攔。由于(yu)三(san)面環(huan)山(shan)(shan)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了一個天然巨大(da)(da)的(de)(de)共鳴箱,鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聲經過震(zhen)蕩共鳴,被環(huan)山(shan)(shan)反射(she)而(er)回,從東(dong)北側開口(kou)處(chu)沖出,因而(er)可以傳得(de)很遠(yuan),據說在(zai)四(si)十里(li)之遙的(de)(de)阜城門外八(ba)里(li)莊都能聽得(de)見(jian)。現今幽(you)瞑鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已不(bu)存在(zai),大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭內掛(gua)有一口(kou)明(ming)景泰(tai)銅(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高1.6米(mi),下(xia)(xia)口(kou)直徑0.9米(mi),壁厚8厘米(mi),鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紐(niu)高0.3米(mi)。此鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)八(ba)峰波形(xing)(xing)口(kou),鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紐(niu)為(wei)虹(hong)形(xing)(xing)雙龍頭(tou)蒲(pu)牢,鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體上鑄(zhu)有云紋,銘(ming)為(wei)“大(da)(da)明(ming)景泰(tai)年(nian)月(yue)日制(zhi)”。此鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原掛(gua)在(zai)戒(jie)壇大(da)(da)殿內,供(gong)(gong)(gong)舉(ju)行受戒(jie)儀式之用。公園管理(li)處(chu)為(wei)了增添游(you)藝項(xiang)目,而(er)將此鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移到了大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭,供(gong)(gong)(gong)游(you)客撞(zhuang)擊娛樂。這口(kou)銅(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)雖然比原來的(de)(de)大(da)(da)鐵鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要小得(de)多,但鑄(zhu)造精美,工(gong)藝考究,線條流暢(chang)。
丁香花(hua)是(shi)(shi)戒(jie)臺寺園(yuan)內珍貴的(de)花(hua)木之一(yi),現(xian)園(yuan)內現(xian)有丁香約1000余株(zhu)(zhu),其(qi)中樹齡在二百年以上的(de)有20株(zhu)(zhu),是(shi)(shi)乾隆(long)皇(huang)帝初游戒(jie)臺寺時為了給古剎增輝(hui)御賜的(de),是(shi)(shi)從圓(yuan)明園(yuan)的(de)暢(chang)春園(yuan)移植過來的(de)。
真(zhen)武(wu)(wu)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)又稱(cheng)玄(xuan)(xuan)天(tian)上帝(di)(di)(di)、玄(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)(wu)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)、佑圣真(zhen)君玄(xuan)(xuan)天(tian)上帝(di)(di)(di),全稱(cheng)真(zhen)武(wu)(wu)蕩(dang)魔(mo)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di),為(wei)神仙中赫(he)赫(he)有(you)名的玉京尊神。現(xian)在湖北(bei)武(wu)(wu)當山信奉的主神就是真(zhen)武(wu)(wu)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di),道經(jing)中稱(cheng)他(ta)為(wei)“鎮(zhen)天(tian)真(zhen)武(wu)(wu)靈應(ying)佑圣帝(di)(di)(di)君”,簡稱(cheng)“真(zhen)武(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)君”。民間稱(cheng)蕩(dang)魔(mo)天(tian)尊、報恩祖師(shi)、披發祖師(shi)。明朝以后,在全國影(ying)響極大(da),近代民間信仰尤(you)為(wei)普遍(bian)。
為(wei)南(nan)軸(zhou)線上的(de)第一座(zuo)殿堂。兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)與院墻相連(lian),左右各(ge)(ge)有(you)(you)(you)一個(ge)旁門。殿前有(you)(you)(you)石獅子一對,并立(li)有(you)(you)(you)清康(kang)熙皇(huang)帝撰文的(de)“萬壽寺戒壇碑記。”山門殿面闊三間,單檐(yan)廡殿頂(ding),灰筒瓦覆頂(ding)。四角掛有(you)(you)(you)風鈴,門額上掛“山門殿”斗子金(jin)(jin)匾。殿內前后貫(guan)通,中(zhong)間為(wei)通洞。兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)各(ge)(ge)立(li)有(you)(you)(you)一尊泥質彩繪的(de)護法神(shen)塑像(xiang),一為(wei)密執金(jin)(jin)剛,一為(wei)那羅延金(jin)(jin)剛。
8:30-17:30(夏季(ji))
8:30-16:30(冬季)
自駕:
1、沿阜石(shi)路向西—雙峪環島向南—石(shi)門營環—108國道輔路7公(gong)里即到(dao)
2、自西客站沿(yan)蓮石路向西—臥龍(long)崗—石門營環—108國道輔路7公里即到(dao)(2、3、4環有進出口)
3、長安街西行—首鋼廠東門右行—石景山立交橋(qiao)左(zuo)行—雙峪環島向南
公交:
乘(cheng)地(di)鐵到(dao)蘋果園站下,換乘(cheng)948路公(gong)交到(dao)戒(jie)臺寺站下車