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甘南葵花籽
0 票數:0 #地方特產#
甘南葵花籽,黑龍江省甘南縣特產。籽實長錐型、色澤明亮、飽滿性好,空殼少,種皮多為白黑條紋,管狀花脫落部位有空隙便于嗑食,嗑食時果皮容易開裂為長條型,不易破碎。熟制后口感酥脆、香氣純正,籽實外觀均勻一致,是做炒貨的優質 原料。甘南葵花籽含有豐富的粗脂肪、粗蛋白質、粗纖維、礦物質和維生素E。以高產、優質、抗逆性強、口感和色澤好等優點,深受廣大客商和消費者的青睞。其商品在國內食用葵花市場占有較高份額。
  • 分類: 干貨堅(jian)果
  • 產地: 黑龍江(jiang)省(sheng)齊齊哈爾市甘南縣
  • 農產品標志產品編號: AGI00379
  • 農產品標志證書持有者: 黑龍江省甘南(nan)縣向日(ri)葵研究(jiu)所
  • 農產品標志登記年份: 2010年
  • 參考網址:
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一.產品介紹

向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)是甘南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)的(de)特(te)產(chan)。古籍記(ji)載向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)約在明(ming)朝(chao)時引入中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),如(ru)(ru)今所(suo)知最(zui)(zui)早記(ji)載向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)的(de)文(wen)獻(xian)為明(ming)朝(chao)人王(wang)象晉所(suo)著《群芳(fang)譜》。該(gai)書中(zhong)尚無“向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)”一(yi)名(ming)(ming),只在“花譜三菊”中(zhong)附(fu)“丈(zhang)菊”之(zhi)稱,原文(wen)如(ru)(ru)下:“丈(zhang)菊-名(ming)(ming)本番菊-名(ming)(ming)迎陽花,莖長(chang)丈(zhang)余,稈堅粗如(ru)(ru)竹,葉類麻,多(duo)直(zhi)生,雖有(you)分枝,只生一(yi)花大如(ru)(ru)盤(pan)盂,單瓣色(se)(se)黃(huang)心(xin)皆作窠如(ru)(ru)蜂房(fang)狀,至(zhi)秋(qiu)漸紫黑(hei)而堅,取其(qi)子中(zhong)之(zhi)甚易生”。“向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)”之(zhi)名(ming)(ming),見于文(wen)震亨《長(chang)物志》。早在十(shi)九世(shi)紀(ji)50年(nian)(nian)代(dai)甘南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)已有(you)了(le)葵(kui)花的(de)種(zhong)植(zhi),到二十(shi)世(shi)紀(ji)50、60年(nian)(nian)代(dai)開始了(le)大面積種(zhong)植(zhi)。2005年(nian)(nian)總(zong)播(bo)種(zhong)面積達(da)到了(le)80萬畝(mu),占全(quan)省食(shi)(shi)用向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積的(de)1/3,占全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)食(shi)(shi)用向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積的(de)1/10,總(zong)產(chan)達(da)2.4億斤,銷售(shou)收入4.8億元,是全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)(zui)大的(de)食(shi)(shi)用向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)生產(chan)基地和銷售(shou)集散(san)地。2000年(nian)(nian)8月(yue),甘南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)被中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)產(chan)之(zhi)鄉組委會命名(ming)(ming)為“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)之(zhi)鄉”,2002年(nian)(nian)以齊齊哈爾(er)港聯公司加工企業為主(zhu)體(ti)的(de)4萬畝(mu)向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)加工原料基地通過國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)發展中(zhong)心(xin)認證為A級綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)品(pin),2011年(nian)(nian)甘南(nan)(nan)葵(kui)花籽(zi)被核定為中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家地理標志保護(hu)產(chan)品(pin),更將甘南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)“向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)之(zhi)鄉”美譽名(ming)(ming)揚四海。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

(1)土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌情況(kuang):甘南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)地(di)勢(shi)北部(bu)、西部(bu)為丘陵漫崗區(qu),以(yi)(yi)黑(hei)土(tu)(tu)為主, 東部(bu)及南(nan)(nan)部(bu)為平原(yuan)區(qu),土(tu)(tu)壤主要有(you)草(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)、暗棕壤、黑(hei)鈣土(tu)(tu),以(yi)(yi)草(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)面(mian)積較多,以(yi)(yi)中性粘土(tu)(tu)和(he)砂壤質草(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)為主,有(you)機質含量3.6%一4%,PH值(zhi)在6.0—8.0之間,土(tu)(tu)壤含鹽(yan)量0.3%以(yi)(yi)下,肥力中等偏上(shang)。

(2)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:甘南縣屬嫩江(jiang)和(he)阿音河(he)谷沖積平原(yuan),地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)較豐(feng)富,主(zhu)(zhu)要是砂礫石層及亞粘(zhan)土的(de)潛水(shui)(shui)(shui),地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)含水(shui)(shui)(shui)層厚度30~50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),埋深(shen)3~5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),降深(shen)5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)單(dan)井日(ri)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量2000~4000噸。全縣主(zhu)(zhu)要流(liu)域(yu)有一(yi)江(jiang)三河(he),即嫩江(jiang)、音河(he)、阿倫河(he)、諾敏河(he)。多年平均(jun)徑(jing)流(liu)深(shen)為60mm,徑(jing)流(liu)總(zong)量2,88億立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),加之界外徑(jing)流(liu)進(jin)(jin)入我縣蓄存,地(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)總(zong)量9.67億立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),可利用量8.9億立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),地(di)(di)下總(zong)蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)量7.10立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),可開采量5.37億立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。沿岸土壤較肥沃,是發(fa)展種植業(ye)和(he)牧(mu)業(ye)的(de)良好(hao)基地(di)(di)。 按照《農(nong)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)源環境質量監測技(ji)術(shu)規范》(NY5332-2006)的(de)要求,對產(chan)地(di)(di)的(de)灌溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)進(jin)(jin)行監測,評(ping)價結果表(biao)明,葵(kui)花(hua)產(chan)地(di)(di)灌溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)所監測項目檢測值(zhi)均(jun)未(wei)見(jian)超標,判定灌溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)質合(he)格。

(3)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況:葵花(hua)(hua)種(zhong)植區屬中(zhong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)帶大(da)陸性季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)455毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)2.6℃,日(ri)(ri)照時數為(wei)(wei)2600~2900小(xiao)時,無霜期(qi)為(wei)(wei)125~145天。有(you)效積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)2682.8℃,晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差大(da),利(li)于農作物碳水(shui)(shui)(shui)化合(he)物和蛋白(bai)質的合(he)成,光熱(re)(re)資(zi)源充足,是(shi)(shi)黑龍江省熱(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)最(zui)(zui)好的地區之(zhi)一。該(gai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候特(te)點(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)葵花(hua)(hua)的生長(chang)發育提供了極其有(you)利(li)的條件。 四(si)季氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候特(te)點(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi): 春季(3—5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))回暖快(kuai),降水(shui)(shui)(shui)少(shao),多(duo)大(da)風(feng),易干旱。三月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)零(ling)下5.8℃,五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份13.5℃,平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)每月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)升溫(wen)(wen)(wen)10度(du)左右。3—5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)49.2毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),占(zhan)年(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)10.8%。 夏季(6-8)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)熱(re)(re)多(duo)雨(yu)(yu)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)21.8℃,最(zui)(zui)熱(re)(re)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)27.3℃, 平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)28℃。全季日(ri)(ri)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)≥30℃日(ri)(ri)數,平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)19天。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降 雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)324.4毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),七月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)達146.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。 秋季(9—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)明顯,秋霜早,降水(shui)(shui)(shui)偏少(shao)多(duo)晴天。10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)3.7℃,與9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)13.1℃相比,降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)10度(du)左右。9—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)69.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),占(zhan)年(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)15.3%。 冬(dong)季(11—2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))嚴寒(han)漫(man)長(chang),少(shao)雪干燥。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初大(da)地封凍,嚴冬(dong)到來,冬(dong)季平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)零(ling)下14.7℃,最(zui)(zui)冷月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)零(ling)下19.2度(du),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)最(zui)(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)零(ling)下24.5℃,全季日(ri)(ri)最(zui)(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)≤零(ling)下30℃日(ri)(ri)數平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)6天,11-2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)1.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),僅占(zhan)年(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)2.6%。年(nian)蒸(zheng)(zheng)發量(liang)(liang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)1499.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),是(shi)(shi)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)的3.3倍。五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份蒸(zheng)(zheng)發量(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)的7倍。毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)113.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),主(zhu)要降水(shui)(shui)(shui)集(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)6-9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份,占(zhan)全年(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)83%,年(nian)蒸(zheng)(zheng)發量(liang)(liang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)1499.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),是(shi)(shi)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)的13倍,平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)蒸(zheng)(zheng)發量(liang)(liang)4.1。

(4)人(ren)文歷史情況:甘(gan)(gan)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)位于黑龍(long)(long)江省西北部,大興安(an)嶺南(nan)麓與(yu)松嫩平原過渡地(di)帶,是一(yi)個以(yi)(yi)種植(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)縣(xian)(xian)份,為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)家扶貧工(gong)作重(zhong)點縣(xian)(xian)。全縣(xian)(xian)幅(fu)員面積(ji)(ji)4792平方公里,耕地(di)面積(ji)(ji)278萬畝(mu),全縣(xian)(xian)37萬人(ren)口,其中農業(ye)人(ren)口24萬。早在(zai)(zai)十(shi)(shi)九世(shi)紀50年(nian)(nian)代已有(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)(le)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花(hua)(hua)的(de)種植(zhi)(zhi),到二十(shi)(shi)世(shi)紀50、60年(nian)(nian)代開始了(le)(le)大面積(ji)(ji)種植(zhi)(zhi),在(zai)(zai)種植(zhi)(zhi)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花(hua)(hua)上有(you)(you)(you)(you)著傳統的(de)種植(zhi)(zhi)習慣,并(bing)積(ji)(ji)累了(le)(le)豐富(fu)的(de)經(jing)(jing)驗。長期(qi)以(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai),甘(gan)(gan)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)始終把(ba)選擇(ze)適(shi)宜我縣(xian)(xian)種植(zhi)(zhi),并(bing)能有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)抗(kang)御自然風險和市(shi)(shi)場風險的(de)優(you)(you)勢作物和優(you)(you)勢品(pin)種作為(wei)(wei)加(jia)快農村經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展的(de)一(yi)項(xiang)重(zhong)要工(gong)作來(lai)(lai)抓。經(jing)(jing)過多年(nian)(nian)實踐,我縣(xian)(xian)確定(ding)發(fa)展葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花(hua)(hua)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)導(dao)作物,并(bing)率先在(zai)(zai)1978年(nian)(nian)就成(cheng)立了(le)(le)專業(ye)向(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)。該研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)育(yu)成(cheng)了(le)(le)有(you)(you)(you)(you)自主(zhu)知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)權的(de)甘(gan)(gan)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)系列向(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)品(pin)種,甘(gan)(gan)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)品(pin)種不僅在(zai)(zai)甘(gan)(gan)南(nan)廣(guang)(guang)泛種植(zhi)(zhi),而且已推廣(guang)(guang)至東北向(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)產(chan)(chan)區,尤其是甘(gan)(gan)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)2號(hao)的(de)育(yu)成(cheng)獲(huo)得(de)了(le)(le)《中國(guo)(guo)第(di)七(qi)屆楊凌(ling)高(gao)新(xin)技(ji)術博覽會后(hou)稷金像獎(jiang)》、《齊(qi)齊(qi)哈爾市(shi)(shi)政府(fu)科(ke)技(ji)進(jin)步一(yi)等獎(jiang)》。2000年(nian)(nian)被(bei)中國(guo)(guo)特產(chan)(chan)之(zhi)鄉組委會命名為(wei)(wei)“中國(guo)(guo)向(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)之(zhi)鄉”。2004年(nian)(nian)吸(xi)引來(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)全國(guo)(guo)炒(chao)貨(huo)排行第(di)三(san)的(de)內蒙古知(zhi)心仁集團(tuan)在(zai)(zai)甘(gan)(gan)南(nan)投資建廠。2005年(nian)(nian)又通過以(yi)(yi)商招商的(de)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)吸(xi)引來(lai)(lai)全國(guo)(guo)炒(chao)貨(huo)排行第(di)一(yi)的(de)華泰(tai)集團(tuan)(洽洽瓜子)來(lai)(lai)甘(gan)(gan)南(nan)做炒(chao)貨(huo)深加(jia)工(gong)。甘(gan)(gan)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)政府(fu)把(ba)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)作為(wei)(wei)富(fu)民強(qiang)縣(xian)(xian)的(de)優(you)(you)勢主(zhu)導(dao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)得(de)以(yi)(yi)實現,并(bing)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)龍(long)(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)+科(ke)研(yan)(yan)+基(ji)地(di)(農產(chan)(chan))的(de)發(fa)展模式(shi)。甘(gan)(gan)南(nan)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)作為(wei)(wei)發(fa)展農業(ye)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)支柱產(chan)(chan)業(ye),以(yi)(yi)品(pin)牌為(wei)(wei)先鋒,以(yi)(yi)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)基(ji)礎,以(yi)(yi)公司為(wei)(wei)龍(long)(long)頭(tou),以(yi)(yi)向(xiang)日葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體(ti),以(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)場為(wei)(wei)導(dao)向(xiang),形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)專業(ye)化(hua)生產(chan)(chan),基(ji)地(di)化(hua)發(fa)展,龍(long)(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)牽動,內引外聯拓寬(kuan)市(shi)(shi)場的(de)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)生產(chan)(chan)鏈條。

三.地域范圍

甘(gan)南(nan)(nan)葵花籽主要分布在齊(qi)齊(qi)哈(ha)爾(er)市(shi)甘(gan)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)甘(gan)南(nan)(nan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)鄉(xiang)、長山(shan)鄉(xiang)、音河鎮(zhen)(zhen)、興(xing)隆鄉(xiang)、寶山(shan)鄉(xiang)、平(ping)陽(yang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、東陽(yang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、巨(ju)寶鎮(zhen)(zhen)、查哈(ha)陽(yang)鄉(xiang),地域保護范圍面積35000公(gong)頃(qing),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)葵花生產(chan)面積為(wei)15000公(gong)頃(qing),年產(chan)量(liang)12萬(wan)(wan)噸。。地處(chu)東經122°54′?6″--124°28′12″,北緯(wei)47°25′7″—48°32′5″,東鄰(lin)嫩江(jiang)、諾敏河與(yu)內(nei)蒙古的(de)莫旗及(ji)我省富裕(yu)、訥(ne)河相(xiang)望,南(nan)(nan)與(yu)齊(qi)齊(qi)哈(ha)爾(er)市(shi)區及(ji)龍江(jiang)為(wei)鄰(lin),西北以成吉思(si)汗邊壕(hao)與(yu)內(nei)蒙阿榮(rong)旗和布旗為(wei)界。全縣(xian)轄五鄉(xiang)五鎮(zhen)(zhen),95個行政(zheng)村,611個自然屯,37萬(wan)(wan)人。幅(fu)員(yuan)面積4792平(ping)方公(gong)里,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong):耕地278萬(wan)(wan)畝,草原112萬(wan)(wan)畝,可供開發(fa)的(de)水(shui)面8.4萬(wan)(wan)畝。全縣(xian)水(shui)草豐盛純凈(jing),空氣清(qing)新,主水(shui)源(yuan)的(de)嫩江(jiang)干(gan)流源(yuan)于(yu)大興(xing)安嶺(ling),無污染(ran)源(yuan),水(shui)質好(hao),水(shui)量(liang)充沛(pei)。

四.產品品質特性特征

(1)外在(zai)感官(guan)特征:劃定區域范圍內的(de)葵花(hua)籽(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)食用型葵花(hua)籽(zi),百(bai)粒(li)重130g以(yi)上、籽(zi)仁率53%以(yi)上。籽(zi)實長錐型、色澤明(ming)亮、飽滿性好,空殼少(shao),種皮多為(wei)(wei)(wei)白黑(hei)條紋,管(guan)狀(zhuang)花(hua)脫落(luo)部位有空隙(xi)便于嗑(ke)食,嗑(ke)食時果皮容易開裂為(wei)(wei)(wei)長條型,不易破碎。熟(shu)制后口感酥脆、香氣純正,籽(zi)實外觀(guan)均勻一致(zhi),是做炒貨(huo)的(de)優質 原料。

(2)內在品質(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao):甘(gan)南(nan)葵花籽(zi)含(han)(han)有豐富(fu)的(de)粗(cu)(cu)脂肪、粗(cu)(cu)蛋(dan)白質(zhi)、粗(cu)(cu)纖維(wei)(wei)、礦物質(zhi)和維(wei)(wei)生素(su)E。其中(zhong)粗(cu)(cu)脂肪和粗(cu)(cu)蛋(dan)白質(zhi)含(han)(han)量(liang)配(pei)比適中(zhong),既保障了營(ying)養(yang)平衡配(pei)比,同時也保障了休閑食品的(de)良好(hao)口感。每100kg葵花籽(zi)實產品中(zhong),粗(cu)(cu)脂肪含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)42%、粗(cu)(cu)蛋(dan)白含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)23%、粗(cu)(cu)纖維(wei)(wei)含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)1%、礦物質(zhi)含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)1%(其中(zhong)鉀含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)700mg/100g,鐵含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)4mg/100g,磷含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)750mg/100g)、氨基(ji)酸含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)25%(其中(zhong)谷氨酸含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)6%)、維(wei)(wei)生素(su)E含(han)(han)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)5mg/100g。

(3)安全要求:產(chan)地環境(jing)符(fu)合NY5332-2006無公(gong)害(hai)食(shi)(shi)品。大田作(zuo)物產(chan)地環境(jing)技術(shu)(shu)條(tiao)件,產(chan)品安全衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)指標優(you)于國(guo)家(jia)標準(zhun)。整(zheng)個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)均按照我市制定(ding)的無公(gong)害(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技術(shu)(shu)規程(cheng)(cheng)進行生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)管理,產(chan)品檢(jian)測符(fu)合NY5319-2006無公(gong)害(hai)食(shi)(shi)品瓜子標準(zhun)要求。

五.特定生產方式

(1)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植技術(shu)規程 ①范圍 本(ben)規程適用(yong)(yong)于甘南縣無公(gong)(gong)害綠色(se)食品向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)生產,規定(ding)了向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)生產種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)處理、選(xuan)地(di)(di)(di)、選(xuan)茬(cha)(cha)、整地(di)(di)(di)、施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、田間(jian)管理及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)獲(huo)貯藏、產品質量(liang)等技 術(shu)要(yao)求。 ②產地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)  產地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)應符合(he)NY/T391要(yao)求。 A氣候 無霜期(qi)(qi)125天(tian)以上(shang)(shang),年活動積(ji)溫2500℃以上(shang)(shang),年降水(shui)量(liang)450mm以上(shang)(shang)。 B土(tu)壤(rang)(rang) 產地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)元素位于背景值(zhi)正常區域(yu),周(zhou)圍沒有金屬(shu)或(huo)非金屬(shu)礦山,無農(nong)藥 殘留污染,具有較(jiao)高的土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力,耕(geng)性良(liang)好(hao),土(tu)層深(shen)厚,排水(shui)良(liang)好(hao),地(di)(di)(di)勢平川漫(man)崗,有機質含量(liang)3.5%以上(shang)(shang),PH值(zhi)為6.5—7.5。 ③產量(liang)構成指標(biao):每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)收(shou)向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)盤(pan)(pan)19000—20000個。單(dan)盤(pan)(pan)實粒數1079—1168個。百粒重13.6—14.0g。 ④種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)處理 品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze):甘葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)二(er)號。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)純度不(bu)低(di)于98%,凈(jing)度不(bu)低(di)于98%,發(fa)芽(ya)率(lv)不(bu)低(di)于90%,含水(shui)量(liang)不(bu)高于12%。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)前10天(tian)進(jin)行發(fa)芽(ya)試(shi)驗。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)前4—5天(tian)進(jin)行人(ren)工精選(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),并(bing)曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2—3天(tian)。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有效鋅每(mei)(mei)千(qian)克小于0.5mg/kg時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),補(bu)硫(liu)酸鋅1.5kg/畝。 ⑤選(xuan)地(di)(di)(di)、選(xuan)茬(cha)(cha)與整地(di)(di)(di) 選(xuan)擇(ze)耕(geng)層深(shen)厚、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力較(jiao)高、保(bao)(bao)水(shui)保(bao)(bao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)排水(shui)良(liang)好(hao)的地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)。優(you)先選(xuan)擇(ze)小麥、玉米(mi)、馬鈴薯茬(cha)(cha),輪作期(qi)(qi)限5—7年。秋翻起(qi)壟(long),耕(geng)深(shen)20--23cm,達到(dao)(dao)無漏耕(geng)、無立(li)(li)垡(fa)、無坷垃、及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夾施農(nong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)起(qi)壟(long),耕(geng)后(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鎮(zhen)壓,壟(long)距70--75cm。 ⑥施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 結合(he)整地(di)(di)(di)每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)施用(yong)(yong)腐熟(shu)優(you)質農(nong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)30—45立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)、施入經批準使用(yong)(yong)的適量(liang)的綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)100—150kg尿素于葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花(hua)(hua)現蕾(lei)期(qi)(qi)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),杜絕用(yong)(yong)硝態氮(dan)。每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)施磷酸二(er)銨187.5kg結合(he)整地(di)(di)(di)做(zuo)(zuo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)底(di)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施入。每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)施硫(liu)酸鉀35--50kg做(zuo)(zuo)底(di)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),施用(yong)(yong)硼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)用(yong)(yong)硼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)7.5kg(硫(liu)酸鉀中氧化鉀含量(liang)大于或(huo)等于50%)。 ⑦播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為了躲過(guo)結實期(qi)(qi)的降雨高峰,降低(di)菌(jun)核病(bing)發(fa)病(bing)率(lv),減少危害,一(yi)(yi)般在5月(yue) 10—15日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)含水(shui)量(liang)低(di)于20%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)坐(zuo)水(shui)埯(an)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),高于22%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)直(zhi)接(jie)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)深(shen)5—7厘米(mi),做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)(dao)深(shen)淺一(yi)(yi)致,覆土(tu)均(jun)勻,鎮(zhen)壓后(hou)達到(dao)(dao)4—5厘米(mi)。公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)保(bao)(bao)苗(miao)19000—20000株。埯(an)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)后(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鎮(zhen)壓;坐(zuo)水(shui)埯(an)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)鎮(zhen)壓,機械播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隨(sui)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)隨(sui)鎮(zhen)壓,做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)(dao)不(bu)漏壓、不(bu)拖堆(dui)(dui)(dui)。 ⑧田間(jian)管理 出苗(miao)后(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)查田,發(fa)現地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)缺苗(miao)斷條(tiao)(tiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),立(li)(li)即定(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)坐(zuo)水(shui)帶(dai)土(tu)補(bu)栽。一(yi)(yi)對(dui)真葉時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)苗(miao),兩對(dui)真葉時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)定(ding)苗(miao)。出苗(miao)后(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)行鏟(chan)前深(shen)松(song)或(huo)趟一(yi)(yi)犁。視土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)墑(di)情于葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花(hua)(hua)現蕾(lei)期(qi)(qi)至(zhi)花(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灌(guan)溉。鏟(chan)頭遍地(di)(di)(di)后(hou),每(mei)(mei)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)10天(tian)左(zuo)右鏟(chan)趟一(yi)(yi)次,做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)(dao)三鏟(chan)三趟。輔助授粉(fen),增放(fang)蜂源,每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)放(fang)蜂兩箱或(huo)人(ren)工輔助受粉(fen)。 ⑨病(bing)蟲害防治 防治向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)螟(ming):當(dang)向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)螟(ming)成蟲盛(sheng)發(fa)期(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)用(yong)(yong)赤眼蜂卡(ka)90個,間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)3天(tian)分兩期(qi)(qi)均(jun)勻分布,用(yong)(yong)曲別針別在葉片(pian)的背部,利用(yong)(yong)赤眼蜂進(jin)行寄生葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)螟(ming)蟲卵。菌(jun)核病(bing)防治:畝用(yong)(yong)50%乙稀(xi)菌(jun)核利每(mei)(mei)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)750g噴(pen)霧。 ⑩收(shou)獲(huo) 莖稈、花(hua)(hua)盤(pan)(pan)背部變黃褐色(se),舌狀花(hua)(hua)凋萎,筒狀花(hua)(hua)枯萎,籽實外殼變硬,現本(ben)色(se)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)收(shou)獲(huo)。收(shou)盤(pan)(pan)后(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)脫(tuo)粒,嚴(yan)防大堆(dui)(dui)(dui)堆(dui)(dui)(dui)放(fang)捂(wu)(wu)籽。脫(tuo)粒后(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)晾曬(shai)脫(tuo)水(shui),嚴(yan)防捂(wu)(wu)堆(dui)(dui)(dui)。水(shui)分低(di)于12%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),凈(jing)度達95%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),入庫(ku)保(bao)(bao)存或(huo)銷售(shou)。

(2)初級加(jia)工規程(cheng) 原料預(yu)處理--振篩--煮制--炕制--復烤(kao)--外噴(pen)香精(jing)(jing)(jing)--精(jing)(jing)(jing)揀--包(bao)裝 ①振篩 A標(biao)準籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi):大(da)(da)小(xiao)、色(se)(se)澤均(jun)一,顆(ke)粒飽滿,氣(qi)味(wei)(wei)正常。小(xiao)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)≤6%,癟籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)≤1%,雜質≤1%,霉(mei)變(bian)(bian)(bian)≤4%,無(wu)(wu)(wu)霉(mei)變(bian)(bian)(bian)結(jie)團現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);B小(xiao)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi):無(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi) 標(biao)準籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)≤2% 小(xiao)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)≤5%;C癟籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi):無(wu)(wu)(wu)標(biao)準籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、無(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi);D千(qian)粒重:130g以(yi)上。 ②煮制 瓜(gua)(gua)子(zi)殼白色(se)(se)斑紋上色(se)(se)并呈棕(zong)灰色(se)(se),含水(shui)量(liang)45%以(yi)上,瓜(gua)(gua)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)表面(mian)(mian)脫皮(pi)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)(bu)得(de)大(da)(da)于1/10,入味(wei)(wei)充(chong)分,甜(tian)咸(xian)適中,無(wu)(wu)(wu)發(fa)酸(suan)、發(fa)苦(ku)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),無(wu)(wu)(wu)異(yi)味(wei)(wei)。 ③炕制色(se)(se)澤正常,甜(tian)咸(xian)適中,無(wu)(wu)(wu)焦(jiao)(jiao)糊(hu)味(wei)(wei),火侯偏(pian)老≤1%,皮(pi)軟≤5%,粘(zhan)牙(ya)≤20%。 ④復烤(kao) 香精(jing)(jing)(jing)味(wei)(wei)噴(pen)撒均(jun)勻,復烤(kao)后(hou)的(de)瓜(gua)(gua)子(zi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)焦(jiao)(jiao)糊(hu)味(wei)(wei),偏(pian)老≤3%,皮(pi)軟≤0.5%,粘(zhan) 牙(ya)≤3%,甜(tian)咸(xian)適度,有(you)香瓜(gua)(gua)子(zi)特有(you)的(de)香味(wei)(wei)。 ⑤精(jing)(jing)(jing)選 A顏色(se)(se):色(se)(se)澤一致,基本保持葵花(hua)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)原有(you)色(se)(se)澤。 B形態:顆(ke)粒齊(qi)整,大(da)(da)小(xiao)均(jun)勻,籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)粒飽滿。 C籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)仁(ren):呈牙(ya)黃色(se)(se)。 D口(kou)味(wei)(wei):口(kou)感(gan)(gan)酥脆(cui)、甜(tian)咸(xian)味(wei)(wei)適中,香氣(qi)純正、無(wu)(wu)(wu)異(yi)味(wei)(wei)。焦(jiao)(jiao)黃色(se)(se)、焦(jiao)(jiao)糊(hu)味(wei)(wei)、口(kou)感(gan)(gan)發(fa)硬(ying)、皮(pi)軟、粘(zhan)牙(ya)、香氣(qi)不(bu)(bu)協調、偏(pian)咸(xian)、偏(pian)甜(tian)、有(you)苦(ku)味(wei)(wei)、酸(suan)味(wei)(wei)、澀味(wei)(wei)、口(kou)感(gan)(gan)單薄的(de)為不(bu)(bu)合(he)格(ge)(ge)品(pin)。 E合(he)格(ge)(ge)品(pin)的(de)具體質量(liang)指(zhi)標(biao)要求如(ru)下: 千(qian)粒重≥130g;蟲眼≤0.1%;霉(mei)變(bian)(bian)(bian)≤4%小(xiao)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)≤10%;癟籽(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)≤1%;殘損(sun): 無(wu)(wu)(wu); 皮(pi)軟≤0.5%;粘(zhan)牙(ya)≤3%;焦(jiao)(jiao)糊(hu)味(wei)(wei):無(wu)(wu)(wu);火侯偏(pian)老≤1%;口(kou)感(gan)(gan)發(fa)硬(ying)≤10%;脫皮(pi)(超過整個瓜(gua)(gua)子(zi)面(mian)(mian)1/3)≤4%。 ⑥包(bao)裝 A計量(liang):應符合(he)公(gong)司(si)允(yun)許的(de)稱量(liang)范圍; B封(feng)口(kou):整齊(qi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)外露現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),袋內氣(qi)體應熱排(pai)出,袋身無(wu)(wu)(wu)鼓脹現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),無(wu)(wu)(wu)燙化、虛封(feng)、皺折、夾卡現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);瓜(gua)(gua)子(zi)的(de)溫(wen)度必須(xu)低于40℃方可(ke)包(bao)裝; C印章(zhang):印章(zhang)必須(xu)在指(zhi)定位置,平(ping)行整齊(qi),不(bu)(bu)得(de)出現(xian)(xian)歪斜(xie)、倒刻(ke)、漏(lou)刻(ke)及錯刻(ke)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang); D噴(pen)碼:字(zi)體不(bu)(bu)得(de)有(you)歪斜(xie)、變(bian)(bian)(bian)形現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),不(bu)(bu)得(de)漏(lou)噴(pen),字(zi)體大(da)(da)小(xiao),間距統(tong)一; E箱內外規格(ge)(ge)、生產日期必須(xu)相(xiang)符,統(tong)一,不(bu)(bu)同日期不(bu)(bu)得(de)混裝; F箱體封(feng)口(kou)平(ping)整,松緊(jin)適中。

六.包裝標識相關規定

地域(yu)范圍(wei)內的(de)(de)生產經營企業要按照《農(nong)產品地理標志(zhi)公共(gong)標識使用(yong)規范》的(de)(de)要求(qiu)和(he)農(nong)業部(bu)農(nong)產品質(zhi)量安全中(zhong)(zhong)心公共(gong)標識授權規定,在產品或產品包裝(zhuang)上正確使用(yong)全國統一的(de)(de)公共(gong)標識。應建立標識使用(yong)管理制度,對標識的(de)(de)使用(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)如(ru)實記(ji)錄,登記(ji)造冊并存(cun)檔(dang),存(cun)期三年(nian)。葵花籽(zi)在運輸的(de)(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)要遵守(shou)有關規定,運輸要合理。

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