一.產品介紹
大(da)豆(dou),古稱(cheng)菽,又名元豆(dou),黃(huang)豆(dou)。是(shi)重要(yao)(yao)的農作(zuo)物之一。大(da)豆(dou)是(shi)飼料(liao)工(gong)業(ye)、食品工(gong)業(ye)、化工(gong)工(gong)業(ye)、制藥(yao)工(gong)業(ye)等行業(ye)的重要(yao)(yao)原料(liao),是(shi)人們生活中(zhong)不(bu)可(ke)缺(que)少的重要(yao)(yao)油料(liao)作(zuo)物。大(da)豆(dou)營養豐富,具有很高(gao)的社會效(xiao)益和經濟(ji)效(xiao)益。巴(ba)彥縣素有大(da)豆(dou)之鄉(xiang)的美謄,栽培(pei)大(da)豆(dou)歷史悠久,分布廣范(fan),種植面積、產(chan)量、商品量及向外(wai)出(chu)口量,歷來居全省前列。1957年在印(yin)度(du)尼西亞召開的萬國(guo)博(bo)(bo)覽會上展出(chu)的巴(ba)彥縣大(da)豆(dou),博(bo)(bo)得國(guo)際友人的稱(cheng)謄。
1、巴(ba)彥(yan)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)的產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地范(fan)圍巴(ba)彥(yan)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)的地理標(biao)志農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品所在(zai)的具體地理位置是(shi)將(jiang)巴(ba)彥(yan)縣境內(nei)3135.2平方公(gong)里區域(yu)劃定為(wei)巴(ba)彥(yan)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品地理標(biao)志產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)保(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍。境內(nei)耕地22.67公(gong)頃劃定為(wei)巴(ba)彥(yan)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品地理標(biao)志產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)范(fan)圍。
2、巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)大(da)(da)豆(dou)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產特點巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)大(da)(da)豆(dou)產地(di)選(xuan)擇在巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)縣(xian)境內(nei)世(shi)界(jie)三(san)大(da)(da)黑(hei)土地(di)之一的(de)亞洲東北黑(hei)土中,屬亞熱帶季風氣候,非常適(shi)合大(da)(da)豆(dou)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產,具有得天獨(du)厚(hou)的(de)氣候、土壤、日照等優勢(shi),巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)縣(xian)的(de)黑(hei)土地(di)中所(suo)含有的(de)大(da)(da)豆(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)的(de)元素比例均衡,天然降雨適(shi)中,促(cu)進了巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)大(da)(da)豆(dou)獨(du)特品(pin)質的(de)形(xing)成。巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)大(da)(da)豆(dou)是自然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)的(de)特點,以(yi)自然降雨為主。巴(ba)(ba)彥(yan)大(da)(da)豆(dou)以(yi)高(gao)油、高(gao)蛋白享(xiang)譽世(shi)界(jie),品(pin)種(zhong)以(yi)高(gao)油、高(gao)蛋白為主,以(yi)標準化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產保持其優良品(pin)質。
3、巴彥大(da)豆(dou)(dou)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)特色巴彥縣的(de)大(da)豆(dou)(dou)因其(qi)獨(du)特的(de)地(di)理條件(jian),大(da)豆(dou)(dou)的(de)氨基(ji)酸總量(liang)達到38.54%(g/100g),粗蛋白40.54%,粗脂肪19.71%,微量(liang)元素(su)中含(han)量(liang)高,其(qi)中重要(yao)元素(su)硒、鋅含(han)量(liang)更好,硒0.013 Mg/kg,鋅25.05Mg/kg。硒元素(su)對癌癥有(you)很好的(de)阻逆作用,這說明(ming)巴彥大(da)豆(dou)(dou)營養豐(feng)富,質(zhi)量(liang)好,有(you)自己的(de)特殊品質(zhi)。
4、彥大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)人文歷(li)史(shi)(shi)巴彥縣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)悠久,早在(zai)(zai)清(qing)代咸豐年(nian)(nian)間(1860年(nian)(nian))黑(hei)龍(long)(long)江(jiang)將軍物(wu)普欽(qin)在(zai)(zai)此外(wai)設立開墾(ken)行局(ju),進行地(di)土(tu)地(di)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)放(fang)墾(ken),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)(de)作物(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中就以大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。一(yi)百多年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)農業耕作,創造(zao)了巴彥縣自己的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)生產(chan)栽培(pei)技(ji)術(shu),創造(zao)了著(zhu)名的(de)(de)巴彥大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)“永(yong)常模式”、“大(da)(da)(da)壟(long)密技(ji)術(shu)”和“壟(long)三(san)”栽培(pei)技(ji)術(shu)等(deng)豐產(chan)技(ji)術(shu),在(zai)(zai)同緯(wei)度播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面積達到1000余萬(wan)畝,成為(wei)(wei)黑(hei)龍(long)(long)江(jiang)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)栽培(pei)的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要生產(chan)技(ji)術(shu)。美國(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)專家庫伯博士(shi)認為(wei)(wei),巴彥縣大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)際上品(pin)質(zhi)都(dou)是一(yi)流的(de)(de)。“大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)子粒(li)飽(bao)滿,光澤(ze)性(xing)好,營養豐富,是國(guo)(guo)際領先的(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)農產(chan)品(pin)”。巴彥大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)形成的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)。巴彥縣農業生產(chan)的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)很久。據(ju)《巴彥土(tu)壤志》記載,“巴彥蘇(su)蘇(su),周秦之際為(wei)(wei)肅慎居(ju)住(zhu)的(de)(de)地(di)方,以后(hou)為(wei)(wei)夫(fu)余、勿吉,遼(liao)金時(shi)代為(wei)(wei)女真(zhen)部落居(ju)住(zhu),在(zai)(zai)少凌河出土(tu)的(de)(de)鏵子證明(ming)金代已(yi)有農業種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植。清(qing)朝放(fang)禁后(hou),隨(sui)著(zhu)移民遷入,播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面積日益增加,清(qing)咸豐十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1861年(nian)(nian))巴彥蘇(su)蘇(su)大(da)(da)(da)面積開荒。”據(ju)《巴彥志》記載巴彥農作物(wu)以大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)、谷子、小麥(mai)、高梁、玉(yu)米(mi)、大(da)(da)(da)麥(mai)等(deng)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。
二.自然(ran)生態環境和人文歷史因素
1.土壤地貌情(qing)況:
1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源特征。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤共有9個(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei),19個(ge)亞類(lei),32個(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬(shu),計62個(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤類(lei)型。9個(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei)是暗棕(zong)壤、白(bai)漿土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黑土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、草甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、泛濫土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、沼(zhao)澤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、泥炭土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。全縣幅員面(mian)(mian)積3135.2平(ping)方(fang)公里,總土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積31.33萬公頃(qing)(qing),耕地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積22.67萬公頃(qing)(qing),耕地(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)黑土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黑鈣土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、草甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等肥力較高的土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤約占(zhan)(zhan)90%以上(shang)。腐殖(zhi)質(zhi)層厚度(du)達20—70厘米,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤有機質(zhi)含量3.72%,含氮0.168%,含磷0. 99%,含鉀(jia)1.80%, PH值(zhi)6.7,呈中(zhong)性。全縣地(di)(di)(di)勢東(dong)高西低、北崗(gang)南平(ping)、中(zhong)部多丘陵,坡耕地(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)(zhan)耕地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積的62%,地(di)(di)(di)理形狀(zhuang)為(wei)楔形,海拔最高為(wei)564.3米,最低海拔110米。
2.水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)。巴彥縣(xian)(xian)有較大河流(liu)14條(tiao),河道總長475.7公(gong)里。全縣(xian)(xian)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)存(cun)儲量(liang)(liang)65億立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),多年平均地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)供給量(liang)(liang)為(wei)3.97億立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),允許開采(cai)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)2.224億立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。全縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)總量(liang)(liang)為(wei)5.73億立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),人均水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)869立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),畝均水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)212立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。包括水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質情況及影響(xiang)因(yin)子。
3.氣(qi)候情況:巴彥(yan)縣地處中(zhong)高(gao)緯度,屬中(zhong)溫(wen)帶(dai)大陸(lu)季風氣(qi)候。夏季盛行(xing)(xing)東南風,濕(shi)潤多雨;冬(dong)季盛行(xing)(xing)西北風,干燥嚴寒。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)(wei)3.1℃,最高(gao)氣(qi)溫(wen)曾出(chu)現過37.9℃,最低氣(qi)溫(wen)達(da)-42.5℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)≥10℃活動積(ji)溫(wen)為(wei)(wei)2658.4℃,歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)降水量(liang)為(wei)(wei)582.2毫米,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)為(wei)(wei)2669.4小時。5—9月份作物生長期(qi)日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)為(wei)(wei)1252小時,占(zhan)全年(nian)(nian)(nian)總(zong)日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)的46.9%,歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)初霜(shuang)期(qi)為(wei)(wei)9月21日(ri),歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)無霜(shuang)期(qi)為(wei)(wei)131天(tian)。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)結凍期(qi)為(wei)(wei)145天(tian)左(zuo)右(you)。包括季風、溫(wen)度、濕(shi)度、日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)和降水等(deng)特殊氣(qi)候因(yin)子。
4.人文歷史(shi)情況:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人類生(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)自公元前(qian)(qian)211年(nian)(nian)(nian)秦(qin)朝時(shi)(shi)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)歲(sui)百(bai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di),是(shi)(shi)(shi)由歲(sui)族(zu)與百(bai)族(zu)融合成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)北(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區少數民(min)(min)族(zu),以(yi)漁獵為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),輔(fu)以(yi)農業(ye)(ye)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)建治以(yi)前(qian)(qian),森林茂密,水草豐(feng)盛(sheng),土(tu)質肥(fei)美(mei),是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)片待墾(ken)(ken)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處女(nv)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)封(feng)(feng)禁(jin)(清(qing)(qing)以(yi)東(dong)北(bei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)自己“龍興(xing)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脈封(feng)(feng)禁(jin)東(dong)北(bei)三省),只有(you)少數旗兵屯田和(he)少數漢(han)人零(ling)散住在(zai)各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)開(kai)(kai)荒種地(di)(di)(di)(di),張網捕撈魚(yu),過著日(ri)(ri)出而(er)起(qi)、日(ri)(ri)暮(mu)而(er)歸(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農家(jia)生(sheng)活。1859年(nian)(nian)(nian),清(qing)(qing)咸(xian)(xian)豐(feng)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)東(dong)北(bei)開(kai)(kai)禁(jin),土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)放(fang)墾(ken)(ken)后(hou)(hou),關內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)漢(han)民(min)(min)流(liu)入(ru)(ru)本地(di)(di)(di)(di),人多之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou),清(qing)(qing)同治元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1862年(nian)(nian)(nian))于呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)城以(yi)東(dong)建呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)廳(ting)治理(li)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇(su)(su)蘇(su)(su)等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di),管理(li)賦課刑名(ming)及旗民(min)(min)交(jiao)涉(she)等(deng)事宜。光緒三十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1904年(nian)(nian)(nian))呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)廳(ting)分兩處,呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)一(yi)處,升呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)廳(ting)為(wei)(wei)(wei)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)府(移到(dao)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)城),原呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)廳(ting)改巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)州,民(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)2 年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1913年(nian)(nian)(nian)),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)州改巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。 巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)農業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)很久。據《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)土(tu)壤志(zhi)》記(ji)載(zai),“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇(su)(su)蘇(su)(su),周秦(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際為(wei)(wei)(wei)肅慎居(ju)住的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方,以(yi)后(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)余、勿吉,遼金(jin)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)女(nv)真部落居(ju)住,在(zai)少凌(ling)河(he)出土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鏵(hua)子(zi)證(zheng)明金(jin)代(dai)(dai)已有(you)農業(ye)(ye)種植(zhi)。清(qing)(qing)朝放(fang)禁(jin)后(hou)(hou),隨著移民(min)(min)遷入(ru)(ru),播種面積(ji)日(ri)(ri)益增加,清(qing)(qing)咸(xian)(xian)豐(feng)十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1861年(nian)(nian)(nian))巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇(su)(su)蘇(su)(su)大(da)(da)(da)面積(ji)開(kai)(kai)荒。”據《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)志(zhi)》記(ji)載(zai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農作物以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)、谷子(zi)、小麥(mai)、高梁、玉米(mi)、大(da)(da)(da)麥(mai)等(deng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。 巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)素有(you)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美(mei)謄,栽培大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)歷史(shi)悠(you)久,分布(bu)廣泛,種植(zhi)面積(ji)、產量(liang)、商(shang)品(pin)量(liang)及向外出口(kou)(kou)(kou)量(liang),歷來居(ju)全省前(qian)(qian)列。1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)印度尼西(xi)亞召開(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萬國(guo)(guo)博覽會上展出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou),博得國(guo)(guo)際友人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)謄。 人文推動因(yin)(yin)素:巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)野(ye)生(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)原始基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)庫。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)我國(guo)(guo)唯一(yi)一(yi)家(jia)野(ye)生(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)原產地(di)(di)(di)(di)保護地(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu),保護區面積(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2000畝(mu)。同時(shi)(shi)也是(shi)(shi)(shi)非轉基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)原料基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)通過法國(guo)(guo)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)認(ren)證(zheng)非基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)10萬噸(dun),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)原料生(sheng)產基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),認(ren)證(zheng)綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)50萬畝(mu)(10萬噸(dun)),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)也是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)無公害大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),認(ren)證(zheng)無公害大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)70萬畝(mu)(14萬噸(dun))。 獨(du)特的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文化底蘊(yun):巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)生(sheng)產示(shi)范(fan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),每年(nian)(nian)(nian)示(shi)范(fan)60萬畝(mu)。改革開(kai)(kai)放(fang)前(qian)(qian)期,我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)因(yin)(yin)其品(pin)質好、價格低受到(dao)國(guo)(guo)內外客商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青睞(lai),1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)-1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)出口(kou)(kou)(kou)日(ri)(ri)本、韓國(guo)(guo)、香港、臺灣(wan)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)和(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區,每年(nian)(nian)(nian)出口(kou)(kou)(kou)量(liang)都在(zai)3萬噸(dun)以(yi)上,1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)隨著國(guo)(guo)內加工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展,我國(guo)(guo)由大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)出口(kou)(kou)(kou)國(guo)(guo)變(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)進(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)國(guo)(guo),大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)重要農業(ye)(ye)資源出口(kou)(kou)(kou)受到(dao)限制(zhi),但直到(dao)1995年(nian)(nian)(nian),仍然有(you)韓國(guo)(guo)客商(shang)在(zai)我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)天增鎮建立專供(gong)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di),基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)3萬畝(mu)產量(liang)5000噸(dun)。據國(guo)(guo)外客商(shang)說他們在(zai)對大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)進(jin)行質量(liang)檢測(ce)時(shi)(shi)發(fa)現(xian),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)彥(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)異黃銅比美(mei)國(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)高出2倍多,達到(dao)3%以(yi)上。
三.地域范圍
產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)范(fan)圍:巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大豆(dou)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)所在的(de)具(ju)體地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)位置是(shi)將巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣境(jing)內(nei)3135.2平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)區域劃定(ding)為巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大豆(dou)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)生產(chan)保護范(fan)圍。境(jing)內(nei)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)22.67萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃劃定(ding)為巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大豆(dou)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志產(chan)品(pin)(pin)生產(chan)范(fan)圍。2007年種植(zhi)12萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃,年總產(chan)量25萬(wan)噸。 產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)位置:巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣位于黑(hei)龍(long)江省中部偏南,地(di)(di)(di)(di)處松嫩平原、松花(hua)(hua)江中游北岸,具(ju)體范(fan)圍為地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)為東(dong)(dong)經126°45′53″-127°42′16″,北緯45°54′28″-46°40′18″。南與(yu)賓縣隔江相望(wang),西(xi)瀕漂河與(yu)呼蘭(lan)為鄰,北依泥河與(yu)綏化(hua)、慶安(an)交(jiao)界,東(dong)(dong)臨黃泥河及駱駝砬子山與(yu)木蘭(lan)毗(pi)連。縣境(jing)南北長85公(gong)(gong)里(li),東(dong)(dong)西(xi)寬(kuan)72.4公(gong)(gong)里(li),邊界周長338公(gong)(gong)里(li),縣城距哈市98公(gong)(gong)里(li)。 產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)址:全(quan)縣轄18個(ge)(ge)鄉鎮(zhen),巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)大豆(dou)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志保護的(de)區域范(fan)圍在巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)縣內(nei)的(de)18個(ge)(ge)行(xing)政鄉鎮(zhen),即(ji)巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)鎮(zhen)、松花(hua)(hua)江鄉、富江鄉、巴(ba)彥(yan)(yan)港(gang)鎮(zhen)、西(xi)集鎮(zhen)、豐(feng)樂鄉、興隆鎮(zhen)、紅光鄉、萬(wan)發鎮(zhen)、德祥鄉、天(tian)增鎮(zhen)、山后鄉、黑(hei)山鎮(zhen)、龍(long)泉鎮(zhen)、華(hua)山鄉、龍(long)廟鎮(zhen)、洼興鎮(zhen)、鎮(zhen)東(dong)(dong)鄉。其中小城鎮(zhen)10個(ge)(ge)(兩個(ge)(ge)建(jian)制(zhi)鎮(zhen))、116個(ge)(ge)村(三個(ge)(ge)少數民族自(zi)治(zhi)村)、1351個(ge)(ge)自(zi)然屯、4個(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)有林場,2個(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)有原種場、1個(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)有種畜(chu)場。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征(zheng)
1.外在感官特征:巴彥大豆籽粒(li)飽滿,呈黃色,粒(li)圓型,直徑(jing)為4-9mm之間,表無雜,表面(mian)光滑(hua)。
2.內在品(pin)質指(zhi)標:巴(ba)彥大(da)豆脂肪(fang)、蛋白含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)高,非轉基因產(chan)(chan)品(pin);大(da)豆營養物質豐富(fu),氨基酸總(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)30%,其(qi)中谷(gu)氨酸含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)7%,富(fu)含(han)人(ren)體(ti)所 需的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)種維生素(su)、大(da)豆功(gong)能因子等(deng),還含(han)有(you)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)碘(dian)、硒、鐵、鈣、鋅(xin)(xin)等(deng)對(dui) 人(ren)體(ti)有(you)益的(de)(de)(de)微量(liang)(liang)(liang)元素(su), 其(qi)中重要元素(su)硒、鋅(xin)(xin)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)更好(hao),硒0.01 Mg/kg、鋅(xin)(xin)25Mg/kg以上。有(you)害金屬元素(su)比無公(gong)害大(da)豆標準限定值低(di)得(de)很(hen)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de),巴(ba)彥大(da)豆按無公(gong)害檢驗(yan),化(hua)學(xue)農(nong)藥殘(can)留(liu)指(zhi)標中四項有(you)三(san)項沒檢驗(yan)出(chu),說明東北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)由(you)于(yu)化(hua)學(xue)投入品(pin)使用控制的(de)(de)(de)好(hao),化(hua)學(xue)品(pin)殘(can)留(liu)是極低(di)的(de)(de)(de),農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)是安全的(de)(de)(de)。
3.安(an)全要(yao)求(qiu):巴彥大豆(dou)實行(xing)無公害化生產,進行(xing)無公害、綠色食(shi)品認證,巴彥縣農產品質量安(an)全協會制定(ding)高于國家綠色食(shi)品大豆(dou)的質量標準,并強(qiang)制執行(xing)。
五.特定(ding)生產方式
1.產(chan)地選擇(ze)與特(te)殊內(nei)(nei)容規定(ding):巴彥(yan)大(da)(da)豆產(chan)地選擇(ze)在巴彥(yan)縣(xian)境內(nei)(nei)是因為巴彥(yan)縣(xian)地處世界三大(da)(da)黑土(tu)地之一的(de)亞(ya)洲(zhou)東北黑土(tu)中,屬亞(ya)熱帶季風氣(qi)候(hou),非常適合大(da)(da)豆的(de)生產(chan),具有得天(tian)獨厚的(de)氣(qi)候(hou)、土(tu)壤、日照等優勢(shi),巴彥(yan)縣(xian)的(de)黑土(tu)地中所含(han)有的(de)大(da)(da)豆生長的(de)元素(su)比例均衡,天(tian)然降雨適中,促(cu)進了巴彥(yan)大(da)(da)豆獨特(te)品質(zhi)的(de)形成。
2.品種(zhong)選擇與(yu)特定要求:巴彥大豆(dou)以(yi)高(gao)油、高(gao)蛋(dan)白(bai)享譽世界,品種(zhong)以(yi)高(gao)油、高(gao)蛋(dan)白(bai)為主(zhu),以(yi)標準化生(sheng)產保持其優良(liang)品質。
3.生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程管理:巴(ba)彥大(da)豆生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)者(zhe)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)《巴(ba)彥大(da)豆生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術操(cao)作規程》,對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)農(nong)藥(yao)、肥(fei)料進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)嚴格質(zhi)量規范(fan),杜絕有毒有害(hai)(hai)投入(ru)品及物品的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong),確保大(da)豆生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安全,同時在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)及時進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量檢查(cha),對農(nong)戶的(de)(de)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品化學品使(shi)用(yong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)規范(fan)。結合無公害(hai)(hai)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)國家百萬畝(mu)綠色食品基地的(de)(de)建設,我縣(xian)對全縣(xian)農(nong)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地的(de)(de)環境(jing)、投入(ru)品使(shi)用(yong)、市場準(zhun)入(ru)、質(zhi)量科技(ji)(ji)服(fu)務等各(ge)項工作以制(zhi)(zhi)度的(de)(de)形式進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)規范(fan),制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)巴(ba)彥大(da)豆產(chan)(chan)品檢驗標準(zhun),并(bing)嚴格執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)。
4.產品(pin)(pin)收獲及產后(hou)處理的規定:巴彥(yan)大(da)豆分(fen)品(pin)(pin)種進行單(dan)獨(du)收割,并分(fen)級分(fen)品(pin)(pin)種進行貯存、加(jia)工、銷(xiao)售。對銷(xiao)售的大(da)豆進行備案,實行追(zhui)溯(su)制。
5.生(sheng)產(chan)記錄(lu)要求:巴彥大豆在(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)中進行(xing)投入品使(shi)用登(deng)記管(guan)理(li),對農戶進行(xing)統一的(de)編(bian)碼,對其出(chu)售的(de)大豆按編(bian)碼進行(xing)質量追溯。加工(gong)企業收(shou)購實行(xing)登(deng)記式(shi)管(guan)理(li),按農戶編(bian)碼進行(xing)存(cun)貯加工(gong)。
六.包裝標識(shi)相關規定
1.包裝(zhuang):巴彥大豆分為1kg、2kg 、5kg 、250kg、90kg的塑袋等包裝(zhuang)。
2.標(biao)識(shi):標(biao)志使(shi)用人應在其產品或其包裝上(shang)統一使(shi)用農產品地理(li)標(biao)志(巴彥(yan)大(da)豆名(ming)稱(cheng)和公共標(biao)識(shi)圖案組合標(biao)注(zhu)型式(shi))。
3.貯藏、運輸(shu):進行(xing)分級分品種單獨(du)倉儲,專(zhuan)用工具運輸(shu)。