產品外觀特征
新津(jin)黃辣(la)丁屬鲇形目(Siluriformes),鲿科(ke)(Bagridae),分屬黃顙魚(yu)屬(Pelteobagrus)。具(ju)有體長,頭(tou)大(da)且(qie)扁平(ping),吻圓鈍(dun),眼小,須4對,背鰭(qi)(qi)不分支,鰭(qi)(qi)條(tiao)為(wei)硬刺,后緣(yuan)有鋸齒(chi),胸鰭(qi)(qi)硬刺發(fa)達,尾鰭(qi)(qi)深叉形,體背部(bu)黑褐色,體側黃色的黃顙魚(yu)共(gong)性。
生長地域特征
(一)地(di)(di)理環(huan)境(jing):新津區地(di)(di)處成都平(ping)(ping)原南(nan)部,岷(min)江流域中游,距成都市區38公里(li),地(di)(di)跨東(dong)經103°41′13″~103°06′59″、北緯30°19′49″~30°31′32″,東(dong)連(lian)雙流,西接邛崍、大邑(yi),南(nan)鄰彭(peng)山,北毗崇州,幅員面(mian)(mian)積(ji)331平(ping)(ping)方公里(li),境(jing)內“一水(shui)兩丘七成壩”,水(shui)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)占全縣(xian)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的10%,以平(ping)(ping)原為主,兼有淺丘,地(di)(di)勢平(ping)(ping)緩,屬典(dian)型的平(ping)(ping)原型地(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)貌(mao)。
(二)水(shui)域特(te)征:新(xin)津五河(he)(he)(he)匯(hui)流(liu),南河(he)(he)(he)、西(xi)河(he)(he)(he)、金馬河(he)(he)(he)、羊馬河(he)(he)(he)和楊(yang)柳河(he)(he)(he),在新(xin)津境(jing)內匯(hui)聚后匯(hui)入岷江干(gan)流(liu),水(shui)域廣闊,水(shui)源豐富,水(shui)網密布,河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)過境(jing)水(shui)量約107.73億立方米,全縣宜漁水(shui)域面積(ji)共計5.5萬畝,人工養殖(zhi)水(shui)面1.23萬畝,水(shui)質清(qing)新(xin),無污染(ran),年平均水(shui)溫15℃,PH值在6.5至7.5之間,溶解氧6.7mg/L,是水(shui)產養殖(zhi)的最(zui)佳水(shui)源。水(shui)生(sheng)生(sheng)物、天然餌料生(sheng)長(chang)旺(wang)盛,特(te)別適合魚(yu)類(lei)生(sheng)長(chang)。
(三)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)特點:新(xin)津(jin)(jin)區屬亞熱帶濕(shi)潤季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou),四季(ji)分(fen)明、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)和,春季(ji)陽光明媚,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)回升快;夏季(ji)陽光充(chong)足,降(jiang)水(shui)量集中,無酷暑、最熱月平均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)25.8℃,極端最高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)僅(jin)為(wei)37℃;秋高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)爽,冬季(ji)無嚴寒,降(jiang)雪罕見(jian),年平均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)16.6℃,平均(jun)年總(zong)降(jiang)水(shui)量954mm;平均(jun)年總(zong)日照(zhao)時數(shu)(shu)1011小時;年均(jun)相(xiang)對濕(shi)度83%;>0℃的年平均(jun)積溫(wen)為(wei)6085℃;平均(jun)無霜(shuang)期長達309天;年平均(jun)晴天數(shu)(shu)達219天。其溫(wen)和、舒適(shi)(shi)的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)條(tiao)件最適(shi)(shi)宜新(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃辣丁生長。
歷史淵源
新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)區于北(bei)周孝閔帝元年(557年)建縣,因“新(xin)(xin)(xin)渡口”而(er)名(ming)“新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)區”。新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)自(zi)古漁(yu)業(ye)(ye)發達,在(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)區安西鎮中(zhong)合(he)村出(chu)土的(de)(de)(de)漢(han)代(dai)畫像磚珍品(pin)<弋(yi)射·收獲>和新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)漢(han)代(dai)崖墓(mu)中(zhong)出(chu)土的(de)(de)(de)陶(tao)(tao)魚鷹圖向我(wo)們(men)再現(xian)了漢(han)代(dai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)漁(yu)業(ye)(ye)狀況(kuang),陸游(you)“日暮樓(lou)臺憑欄望,漁(yu)帆點(dian)(dian)點(dian)(dian)映(ying)夕(xi)暉”的(de)(de)(de)詩句(ju)向我(wo)們(men)描(miao)繪了宋代(dai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)漁(yu)業(ye)(ye)盛況(kuang)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)盛產各種(zhong)魚類,其中(zhong)最(zui)出(chu)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)民(min)間傳說黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)魚是(shi)(shi)一名(ming)叫黃(huang)(huang)果子的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)麗姑娘為醫治老百姓(xing)疾病而(er)自(zi)己投河變成的(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)青(qing)黃(huang)(huang)色無鱗小魚。在(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)東漢(han)崖墓(mu)中(zhong)出(chu)土了許多珍貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)殉葬器物,其中(zhong)最(zui)多的(de)(de)(de)便是(shi)(shi)長約3、4寸的(de)(de)(de)紅陶(tao)(tao)質黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)魚,可見新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)人民(min)對黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)魚的(de)(de)(de)喜(xi)愛,也(ye)映(ying)襯了黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)魚與新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)人民(min)生活久遠的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)化(hua)淵源。北(bei)宋文(wen)學家(jia)蘇(su)轍每次路(lu)過新(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)不(bu)僅要品(pin)嘗當地黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding),還要親自(zi)釣(diao)黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding),“爨煙慘(can)淡浮潛浦,魚艇縱(zong)橫逐(zhu)釣(diao)筒(tong)”便是(shi)(shi)詩人描(miao)寫(xie)用專(zhuan)門垂釣(diao)黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)的(de)(de)(de)“釣(diao)筒(tong)”親自(zi)泛舟南(nan)河,垂釣(diao)黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)的(de)(de)(de)情景。
新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃辣(la)丁(ding)河(he)鮮美食(shi)歷史悠久。新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)自古是長江上游重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水運交通(tong)樞(shu)紐和川(chuan)西平原(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)物(wu)資、人流(liu)集散地,南(nan)來(lai)北往(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)只經過(guo)新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)段時,船(chuan)夫們(men)總喜歡從河(he)里撈起(qi)幾條黃辣(la)丁(ding)魚(yu),舀一(yi)瓢河(he)水,將魚(yu)與米飯同(tong)煮,名(ming)曰黃辣(la)丁(ding)飯、黃辣(la)丁(ding)粥,不(bu)要(yao)任(ren)何(he)佐料也非常鮮香、味美可口,若是將黃辣(la)丁(ding)加(jia)入(ru)蔥(cong)、姜、蒜、辣(la)椒、花椒、食(shi)鹽等普通(tong)佐料,經過(guo)簡單烹調其(qi)濃(nong)郁(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮香美味便是船(chuan)夫們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)愛。途(tu)經新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人們(men)也一(yi)定(ding)會品嘗地道的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃辣(la)丁(ding),為(wei)(wei)旅途(tu)增(zeng)添(tian)無窮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回味。據新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)舊縣志記載,清末四川(chuan)保路(lu)運動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風云人物(wu)、南(nan)路(lu)同(tong)志軍總指(zhi)(zhi)揮侯寶齋,從資中(zhong)羅泉井領(ling)受相(xiang)機發動(dong)武裝暴動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)回到新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。他巧借(jie)60壽筵之名(ming),安排暴動(dong)事(shi)宜。在盛大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生日宴會上以新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)招(zhao)牌(pai)菜——水煮新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃辣(la)丁(ding)招(zhao)待貴客。從此,水煮新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃辣(la)丁(ding)更加(jia)名(ming)聲(sheng)遠播,逐漸成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)風靡全(quan)成(cheng)(cheng)都、全(quan)四川(chuan)乃至(zhi)全(quan)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)道名(ming)菜,在全(quan)國(guo)各地都有以“新(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃辣(la)丁(ding)”為(wei)(wei)名(ming)命名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)菜品和餐(can)館。
特產發展前景
改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放以來,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)餐(can)飲市場(chang)對黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)需(xu)求,催生(sheng)了(le)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)的(de)(de)迅猛(meng)發展。縣委、縣政(zheng)府根據本縣區域優勢,于1998年把新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)馴(xun)養(yang)(yang)、繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)作為“一縣一品”的(de)(de)重點開(kai)發對象,進(jin)行新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)馴(xun)化和繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)工(gong)作。通過十余(yu)年的(de)(de)努力,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)繁(fan)(fan)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)取得(de)可(ke)喜成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)績(ji),縣水電局《黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)顙魚人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)馴(xun)養(yang)(yang)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)技(ji)(ji)術研究》獲四川(chuan)省水利廳2000年度科(ke)技(ji)(ji)進(jin)步二等獎(jiang);新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)區“萬畝億元”水產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)程被(bei)(bei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)市人(ren)(ren)(ren)民政(zheng)府評為成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)市第四屆(jie)金橋工(gong)程優秀(xiu)獎(jiang);2007年新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)紅石(shi)良種漁場(chang)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)獲首(shou)屆(jie)中國(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)國(guo)際(ji)農(nong)業(ye)博(bo)覽會金獎(jiang)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)從(cong)無到有(you)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)繁(fan)(fan)、養(yang)(yang)、供、銷一條龍綜合(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian),培育(yu)兩家(jia)漁業(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)公司(si)專(zhuan)門從(cong)事新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)魚苗的(de)(de)開(kai)發、引(yin)進(jin)和繁(fan)(fan)育(yu),年產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)魚苗2億尾(wei),形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西南(nan)最大(da)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)繁(fan)(fan)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基地。水產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)行政(zheng)部(bu)門組織專(zhuan)業(ye)公司(si)、漁場(chang)、技(ji)(ji)術骨干,在全縣開(kai)展黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)水產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術示(shi)范推廣,形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)規(gui)模化分(fen)段(duan)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),帶動水產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戶(hu)2000余(yu)戶(hu)。發展新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水域面積2000余(yu)畝,2009年產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)魚1500余(yu)噸,實現年收(shou)入共計4500萬元,被(bei)(bei)四川(chuan)省水產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)局列為四川(chuan)省主(zhu)要商品魚生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基地。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)水產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)農(nong)村經(jing)濟(ji)重要組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)和農(nong)民增收(shou)致(zhi)富的(de)(de)重要手段(duan)。
本縣(xian)打造“河鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)食(shi)城(cheng)”,現(xian)已建成主營新(xin)(xin)津黃辣(la)(la)(la)丁的河鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)食(shi)餐館100余(yu)家,年(nian)(nian)消(xiao)費(fei)新(xin)(xin)津黃辣(la)(la)(la)丁1000余(yu)噸(dun),年(nian)(nian)銷(xiao)售收入(ru)1.5億元。圍(wei)繞“新(xin)(xin)津黃辣(la)(la)(la)丁”進行的一年(nian)(nian)一度的河鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)食(shi)節(jie)、河鮮(xian)(xian)啤酒節(jie)帶動了新(xin)(xin)津鄉村(cun)休閑旅游業的繁(fan)榮,2009年(nian)(nian)接待游客380多萬人(ren)次,實現(xian)年(nian)(nian)旅游綜(zong)合收入(ru)3.5億元。
“新(xin)津黃辣丁”綜合產業鏈形成(cheng)相(xiang)互(hu)促進,共同繁榮的景象。
發展保護措施
(一)、新(xin)(xin)津(jin)黃辣(la)(la)丁發展規(gui)劃(hua),配合縣(xian)政府(fu)“水(shui)城新(xin)(xin)津(jin)”綜合規(gui)劃(hua)的實施(shi),新(xin)(xin)津(jin)區水(shui)產業計劃(hua)到(dao)2015年新(xin)(xin)建和(he)改造老舊池塘共計2500畝,使全(quan)縣(xian)黃辣(la)(la)丁水(shui)人工(gong)產養(yang)殖面積(ji)達到(dao)4000畝,促使漁(yu)區人均年純收入達到(dao)7000元,并建設以(yi)新(xin)(xin)津(jin)黃辣(la)(la)丁為(wei)代表的“川西漁(yu)文(wen)(wen)化民俗村”,開展以(yi)“漁(yu)”為(wei)主題的餐飲文(wen)(wen)化和(he)漁(yu)家歷(li)史文(wen)(wen)化活動。
(二)、加強科技攻關,確保新津黃辣(la)丁的特(te)有品(pin)質。本縣計劃與四川農業(ye)大(da)學水產學院等(deng)科研單位合作,從環境(jing)資源和品(pin)種(zhong)提純等(deng)方面(mian)進行系統研究,保持新津黃辣(la)丁的優良(liang)品(pin)質特(te)性。在親本選(xuan)育(yu)、人(ren)工孵化、種(zhong)苗培(pei)育(yu)和收購銷(xiao)售等(deng)環節上嚴把質量關,確保新津黃辣(la)丁的優良(liang)品(pin)質。
(三)在水產品(pin)市場和(he)餐(can)館實施新津黃(huang)辣(la)丁(ding)掛牌銷售(shou),進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)提高產品(pin)的知(zhi)名(ming)度。加強(qiang)對假冒偽(wei)劣新津黃(huang)辣(la)丁(ding)打擊力度,切實保(bao)護新津黃(huang)辣(la)丁(ding)品(pin)牌和(he)消(xiao)費者利益。