一.產品介紹
泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)枕山面(mian)海,氣候溫(wen)和,濕潤多(duo)(duo)雨,具有龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生長所需(xu)的得天獨厚的自然氣候條(tiao)件,是龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)栽(zai)培(pei)最適(shi)宜(yi)區和發祥(xiang)地。已有1700多(duo)(duo)年的龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)栽(zai)培(pei)歷史,泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)特產(chan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)干是絲(si)綢銷(xiao)(xiao)往海外(wai)主(zhu)要商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)之一。早在1978年,晉(jin)江、鯉城和南安被(bei)國(guo)(guo)家農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)、全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)供(gong)銷(xiao)(xiao)總(zong)社(she)確定的全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)六大龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生產(chan)基地縣(xian)中。1997年,泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)的南安又榮獲“中國(guo)(guo)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之鄉”稱(cheng)號。2014年泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)通(tong)過農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理標志認(ren)證。目前,泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積(ji)43萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu),總(zong)產(chan)量(liang)4.7萬(wan)(wan)噸。龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積(ji)、產(chan)量(liang)均居福建省和全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)地級市(shi)前列(lie)。全(quan)(quan)市(shi)擁(yong)有萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的鄉鎮15個,百畝(mu)以上龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)場有166個被(bei)譽為(wei)“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)洋”。泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)擁(yong)有豐富的龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)資(zi)源,堪(kan)稱(cheng)我國(guo)(guo)“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)資(zi)源寶庫(ku)”,原產(chan)于泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)的龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(或(huo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)系)計(ji)有79個。引進的品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)40多(duo)(duo)個,登記(ji)造冊的品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)、品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)系多(duo)(duo)達110多(duo)(duo)個,占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的三分之一。泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質優良、風味獨特,馳名(ming)中外(wai)。“東璧”為(wei)泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)“珍稀”獨有品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),被(bei)譽為(wei)“鮮食龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之王(wang)”;“福眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”為(wei)泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)主(zhu)栽(zai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),經(jing)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)鑒評(ping)被(bei)公(gong)認(ren)為(wei)制罐、加(jia)工最佳良種(zhong)(zhong),被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)加(jia)工的“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之王(wang)”,曾榮獲巴黎國(guo)(guo)際博覽會旅游美(mei)食金質獎章 “綠喜”、“康爾(er)美(mei)”、 “康益園(yuan)”、“源山”、“育新”、“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)珠山”、“喜多(duo)(duo)多(duo)(duo)”、“親親”牌龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)加(jia)工產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)暢銷(xiao)(xiao)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外(wai),深(shen)受國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外(wai)消費(fei)者的青睞。
二.自然(ran)生態環境和(he)人文歷(li)史因(yin)素
1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情況:泉州市位于福建省東(dong)(dong)南沿(yan)(yan)海,東(dong)(dong)臨臺灣海峽,依山(shan)面海,境內山(shan)巒起伏,丘陵(ling)、河谷、盆地(di)錯落(luo)其間,地(di)勢西北(bei)高東(dong)(dong)南低,西部(bu)為戴(dai)云山(shan)主體部(bu)分,山(shan)地(di)1000多萬(wan)(wan)畝,耕(geng)地(di)217萬(wan)(wan)畝,山(shan)地(di)、丘陵(ling)占土(tu)(tu)地(di)總面積(ji)的五分之四,俗稱(cheng)“八山(shan)一水一分田”。閩南沿(yan)(yan)海丘陵(ling)平原分布(bu)最廣的土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)為紅壤(rang)、磚紅壤(rang)性紅壤(rang),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)酸(suan)性較(jiao)強,適宜龍眼種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)出的龍眼果(guo)肉淡白色(se),明如凝脂,晶瑩潤澤(ze),肉質嫩脆。?
2、水(shui)文情況:泉州(zhou)市(shi)屬(shu)于南亞熱帶海洋性季風氣(qi)候,氣(qi)候溫和,雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)適(shi)中,年(nian)降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)1000-1800毫米。龍眼(yan)(yan)夏秋間(5~11月)生長(chang)期需要充沛(pei)的(de)(de)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang),泉州(zhou)全年(nian)多雨(yu)(yu)有利(li)于龍眼(yan)(yan)果實的(de)(de)生長(chang)發育。境內(nei)溪(xi)流多達34條,總(zong)長(chang)1620公里,地表水(shui)總(zong)量(liang)87.6億(yi)立方(fang)米,可利(li)用(yong)水(shui)量(liang)14.56億(yi)立方(fang)米。境內(nei)水(shui)資源保(bao)持(chi)良好,水(shui)質清(qing)澈、純凈,是理想(xiang)的(de)(de)農業(ye)用(yong)水(shui),保(bao)證了種植龍眼(yan)(yan)過(guo)程中的(de)(de)無污染(ran)的(de)(de)水(shui)源,為種植出(chu)高品(pin)質的(de)(de)泉州(zhou)龍眼(yan)(yan)提供(gong)保(bao)障(zhang)。?
3、氣候(hou)情(qing)況:泉州(zhou)(zhou)地處低(di)緯度,夏長(chang)無(wu)酷暑,冬(dong)短無(wu)嚴寒(han),氣候(hou)宜(yi)人(ren),雨量充沛(pei),屬(shu)典型的南亞熱帶海(hai)洋性季(ji)(ji)風氣候(hou),素有“溫(wen)陵”之稱(cheng)。“四序有花(hua)常見雨,一冬(dong)無(wu)雪卻(que)聞雷(lei)”是泉州(zhou)(zhou)氣候(hou)的寫照(zhao)。年(nian)平均氣溫(wen)18-20℃,無(wu)霜期310天(tian)以上,年(nian)降雨量1000-1800毫米,年(nian)平均日照(zhao)達1900-2000小時(shi),冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)適宜(yi)的低(di)溫(wen)(日均溫(wen)≦10℃寒(han)積天(tian)數(shu)21天(tian)以上)既有利于龍眼(yan)花(hua)芽分化,又無(wu)凍害。海(hai)陸間的熱力差異,東南季(ji)(ji)風帶著(zhu)(zhu)大洋水氣頻頻而來,潤澤著(zhu)(zhu)溫(wen)陵山(shan)川,繁(fan)育著(zhu)(zhu)豐富的茗果(guo)資源,形成了適宜(yi)龍眼(yan)生長(chang)的得天(tian)獨(du)厚(hou)的自然氣候(hou)及環境條件。
三.地域范圍
泉州龍眼地(di)(di)域保(bao)護范圍包括泉州市(shi)所轄南安市(shi)、惠安縣、泉港區(qu)(qu)(qu)、安溪縣、晉江市(shi)、洛江區(qu)(qu)(qu)、永春縣、石獅市(shi)、豐澤區(qu)(qu)(qu)等9個縣(區(qu)(qu)(qu)、市(shi))。地(di)(di)理坐標為東(dong)經118°17′11″~119°34′19″,北緯24°56′39″~25°45′25″。總(zong)保(bao)護面積8752平方千米,年(nian)生(sheng)產面積33萬畝,年(nian)產量5萬噸。
四(si).產品品質(zhi)特性特征
1、外在感(gan)官特征:
(1)福眼:果實扁(bian)圓(yuan)形,果頂圓(yuan),果大(da)。果肉淡白色(se),肉厚,透(tou)明,稍脆,清甜味淡,皮薄(bo),果核紫黑色(se),扁(bian)圓(yuan)形。
(2)東壁:果(guo)(guo)實近(jin)圓(yuan)形,果(guo)(guo)頂圓(yuan),果(guo)(guo)肩、基均平。果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)褐(he)帶灰(hui),具(ju)有黃(huang)褐(he)色細斑,龜(gui)狀紋明(ming)顯(xian)、較規則(ze),果(guo)(guo)面放射(she)線(xian)多,果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)稍脆(cui)。果(guo)(guo)肉乳白、透(tou)明(ming)、渣(zha)極少。果(guo)(guo)核(he)紫黑色,近(jin)圓(yuan)形。果(guo)(guo)大、肉厚、質堅脆(cui),濃(nong)甜且芳香,含糖(tang)量高。
(3)松(song)風(feng)本:果(guo)穗大(da)(da)(da),果(guo)樹大(da)(da)(da)小均(jun)勻,分布較密。果(guo)實(shi)近圓形(xing),黃(huang)褐(he)色,龜狀紋不明顯(xian)(xian),縱紋和瘤狀突起明顯(xian)(xian),果(guo)中大(da)(da)(da),果(guo)肉(rou)乳(ru)白(bai)色,半(ban)透明,質地脆,味濃甜,不流汁,易離核、風(feng)味濃。?
2、內(nei)在(zai)品質指標:泉(quan)州龍(long)眼品質較(jiao)好,營養價值(zhi)高,單果(guo)重10.9~14.2g,果(guo)實可溶(rong)性固形物(wu)含量14.3%~23.0%,可食率62.5%~73.4%,品質優。?
3、產品質量安全規定:泉州龍(long)眼產品質量按NY/T5176—2002執行。
五(wu).特定生產方式
1、場(chang)地(di)(di)的選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇:在園地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇上,比較注意的是坡(po)向(xiang)(xiang)。冬(dong)季(ji)有(you)霜凍地(di)(di)區(qu),選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇南或東(dong)南向(xiang)(xiang);沿海地(di)(di)區(qu)常(chang)有(you)臺風,有(you)條件地(di)(di)區(qu),選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)西南方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)為宜。土(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)應深厚,地(di)(di)質表層(ceng)(ceng)沙壤(rang)至壤(rang)土(tu),底(di)層(ceng)(ceng)沙壤(rang)土(tu)最為理想。沿海風沙地(di)(di)應選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇地(di)(di)形開曠,地(di)(di)勢較高而平坦(tan)的沙壤(rang)地(di)(di)。雨季(ji)地(di)(di)下(xia)水位變動在距地(di)(di)表120厘米以(yi)上為宜。?
2、品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選擇與特定要求:栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)選擇主(zhu)要取決(jue)于(yu)市場(chang)的(de)需求、品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)地區的(de)適應性和栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)技術水平等。選擇鮮(xian)食、制罐、焙干(gan)多(duo)用途及其豐產優質性好、純度(du)一致的(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。主(zhu)要種(zhong)(zhong)植品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)為福(fu)眼、東壁、松風本等。?
3、生產過程管理與控制技術:
(1)培(pei)育健壯花穗:促進花芽按時萌發生長。在正(zheng)常年(nian)份,龍眼(yan)(yan)在1月(yue)下旬至2月(yue)初(chu)開始萌發花芽,是(shi)促進龍眼(yan)(yan)成(cheng)花的(de)關鍵(jian)技(ji)術(shu)措施之一。具體措施是(shi):控冬梢(shao)不(bu)宜(yi)過度;遇旱(han)灌水;輕施水肥(fei)和(he)施葉(xie)面肥(fei);春(chun)節(jie)前后噴施促萌發。
(2)消(xiao)除小(xiao)葉(xie)對花穗形成的影響。在花穗生長發育(yu)期若出現小(xiao)紅葉(xie),及時用人工(gong)摘除或用100-150ppm乙烯利脫小(xiao)葉(xie)。
(3)花穗(sui)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發育期遇(yu)旱(han)或(huo)受凍等因(yin)素停止生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang),需及時采(cai)用灌水、施肥等方法促(cu)進花穗(sui)的生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發育。
(4)授粉:主要方法(fa)有:果園放蜂和人工輔助(zhu)授粉;花(hua)期遇雨(yu),及時搖樹防止“漚花(hua)”;花(hua)期遇旱,及時土壤灌水和葉面(mian)噴(pen)水保濕,保證(zheng)正(zheng)常(chang)授粉受(shou)精(jing)。
(5)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):幼齡(ling)(ling)龍眼樹(shu)(shu)(shu)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)時期的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方法不同(tong)。新(xin)(xin)植幼樹(shu)(shu)(shu)新(xin)(xin)根少且很弱,施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)應以薄施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)勤施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)原(yuan)則。小苗第一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)老(lao)熟(shu)抽發(fa)(fa)二(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)時開始施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),以后(hou)每(mei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)萌發(fa)(fa)前(qian)和(he)老(lao)熟(shu)時各(ge)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)1次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),即“一(yi)(yi)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)二(er)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)”,或每(mei)月(yue)(yue)可(ke)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)1-2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci),以水肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu),以速(su)(su)效氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu),配施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磷鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),每(mei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)每(mei)株施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)0.025kg加尿素0.025kg,每(mei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)噴農藥防(fang)病蟲(chong)時加入高效葉(xie)面(mian)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)噴施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),有(you)利于(yu)幼齡(ling)(ling)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang),但隨(sui)著樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠葉(xie)面(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)擴大而(er)(er)逐步加大。龍眼結果樹(shu)(shu)(shu)重施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)秋(qiu)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),可(ke)分兩次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用:第一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)在(zai)收(shou)果前(qian)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)月(yue)(yue)內(7月(yue)(yue)下(xia)旬至(zhi)8月(yue)(yue)下(xia)旬)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)完,宜(yi)早不宜(yi)遲,要求施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量充足,速(su)(su)效與緩效肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)結合施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用,以滿足秋(qiu)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)整(zheng)個(ge)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)過程對肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料的(de)(de)(de)需求。第二(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)在(zai)9月(yue)(yue)下(xia)旬至(zhi)10月(yue)(yue)初(chu)進(jin)行,目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)是促進(jin)末次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)萌發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang),這(zhe)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)只施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)速(su)(su)效肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),而(er)(er)不偏(pian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),避免末次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)梢(shao)(shao)(shao)徒長(chang)(chang)。
(6)排(pai)灌水(shui):在(zai)果(guo)實發(fa)育期雨水(shui)過多,要(yao)注意及時(shi)排(pai)除積水(shui),遇旱更需要(yao)及時(shi)灌水(shui)保濕,確保果(guo)實正常發(fa)育。
(7)疏(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)果(guo):一般在(zai)3月(yue)中旬花(hua)(hua)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)發育剛完成至(zhi)開花(hua)(hua)前進(jin)行疏(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua);在(zai)5月(yue)下旬至(zhi)6月(yue)初小(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)發育至(zhi)黃豆(dou)大小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)疏(shu)(shu)果(guo)。具體方法(fa)及要求是:疏(shu)(shu)去(qu)病穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)、弱(ruo)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)和生長(chang)不(bu)良的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),保留(liu)(liu)(liu)生長(chang)健壯(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),減少(shao)無謂養分消耗,提高坐(zuo)果(guo)率(lv);樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)頂(ding)部(bu)多(duo)疏(shu)(shu),中下部(bu)少(shao)疏(shu)(shu),以防止樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)頂(ding)部(bu)掛果(guo)過多(duo)而通頂(ding),造成夏日(ri)直射樹(shu)(shu)干,削弱(ruo)樹(shu)(shu)勢(shi);去(qu)外留(liu)(liu)(liu)內,去(qu)主留(liu)(liu)(liu)副,折上(shang)(shang)留(liu)(liu)(liu)下。即把樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)外圍(wei)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)、果(guo)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)多(duo)疏(shu)(shu)一些,保留(liu)(liu)(liu)較(jiao)多(duo)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)內圍(wei)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)果(guo),同(tong)一基枝(zhi)上(shang)(shang)有兩穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)或(huo)多(duo)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)時(shi)(shi),疏(shu)(shu)去(qu)主花(hua)(hua)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),留(liu)(liu)(liu)副花(hua)(hua)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),或(huo)疏(shu)(shu)去(qu)上(shang)(shang)部(bu)較(jiao)長(chang)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),保留(liu)(liu)(liu)下部(bu)短(duan)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)。疏(shu)(shu)果(guo)應疏(shu)(shu)去(qu)坐(zuo)果(guo)稀少(shao)的(de)(de)果(guo)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),保留(liu)(liu)(liu)坐(zuo)果(guo)多(duo)而緊(jin)湊(cou)的(de)(de)果(guo)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),但如果(guo)單穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)坐(zuo)果(guo)過多(duo)則應適當疏(shu)(shu)去(qu)一些側穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui),適當減少(shao)單穗(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)掛果(guo)量。?
4、產品收獲:龍眼果實以充分成熟采收為宜,泉州市龍眼采收期集中在9月上旬到10月上旬。龍眼果實成熟的標準(zhun):
(1)果殼由(you)青色(se)轉黃(huang)褐色(se),由(you)厚而(er)粗糙轉為薄而(er)平滑,果殼上(shang)的果皮(pi)毛基(ji)本脫落。
(2)果肉(rou)由(you)堅(jian)硬變為柔(rou)軟而富(fu)有彈性。
(3)果核(he)變(bian)黑褐色(紅核(he)品種除外)。
(4)果肉(rou)呈現濃甜(tian)或用測糖儀測定(ding)時(shi)果肉(rou)的可(ke)溶性固(gu)形物達到最高值即可(ke)收獲。?
5、生(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄要求(qiu):泉州(zhou)龍(long)眼生(sheng)產(chan)的全過程要建生(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄檔案,對生(sheng)產(chan)情況,病蟲害(hai)發(fa)生(sheng)情況、技術(shu)措施、農藥化肥的使用情況以(yi)(yi)及收(shou)獲日期(qi)、質量檢測(ce)情況、銷售情況等進行全面(mian)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄,生(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄應當(dang)保存(cun)兩年以(yi)(yi)上(shang),以(yi)(yi)備查詢。