鮮切(qie)(qie)花(hua)又稱切(qie)(qie)花(hua),是指從活體植株上切(qie)(qie)取的,具(ju)有(you)觀賞(shang)價(jia)值,用于制作花(hua)籃(lan)、花(hua)束、花(hua)環、瓶插花(hua)、壁花(hua),以(yi)及胸飾花(hua)等(deng)花(hua)卉(hui)裝飾的莖、葉(xie)、花(hua)、果(guo)等(deng)植物材料。鮮切(qie)(qie)花(hua)分為切(qie)(qie)花(hua)、切(qie)(qie)葉(xie)和切(qie)(qie)枝,具(ju)有(you)觀賞(shang)價(jia)值,最常用的鮮切(qie)(qie)花(hua)有(you)唐(tang)菖(chang)蒲(pu)(即劍蘭)、月(yue)季、菊花(hua)、康乃馨、非洲菊、紅(hong)掌(zhang)等(deng)。
清流縣地(di)處福(fu)建省西部,生態環境(jing)優(you)越,耕地(di)面(mian)積15.3萬(wan)畝,全縣花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉(hui)種植面(mian)積12937畝。由于清流鮮(xian)切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)具有花(hua)(hua)(hua)苞大而飽滿(man)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)色艷有光澤和切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)率(lv)高的(de)特(te)點,享有福(fu)建省“鮮(xian)切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)之鄉(xiang)”的(de)美譽,成為全國(guo)最(zui)大鮮(xian)切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)基地(di)之一。清流鮮(xian)切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)(hua)也因(yin)而成為國(guo)家地(di)理標志保護產品(pin)。清流花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉(hui)產業帶動了3450多(duo)戶(hu)農戶(hu)參與生產經營(ying),直接從業人員達15580多(duo)人,從業人員年人均純收(shou)入達2.6萬(wan)元(yuan)以上,去(qu)年實現年產值3.2億元(yuan)。
清流(liu)與昆明處(chu)同一(yi)緯度,溫和濕潤,日照充足,且(qie)地勢(shi)平(ping)坦,土(tu)壤肥(fei)沃,適(shi)宜花(hua)卉連片規(gui)模(mo)化種(zhong)植。“清流(liu)不僅(jin)具有(you)氣候優勢(shi),且(qie)森林覆(fu)蓋率高,生(sheng)態環境有(you)保障,便于規(gui)模(mo)化發展鮮(xian)切(qie)花(hua)種(zhong)植。目前已(yi)形(xing)成非洲菊(ju)、月季、百(bai)合(he)、菊(ju)花(hua)、鶴(he)望蘭(lan)等多(duo)元(yuan)化切(qie)花(hua)產品品類種(zhong)植,鮮(xian)切(qie)花(hua)種(zhong)植面(mian)積現已(yi)達8000多(duo)畝。
清(qing)流(liu)縣鮮切花種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植中,非(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積(ji)最大(da),清(qing)流(liu)縣自2004年起(qi)陸續引(yin)進長(chang)盛花卉、綠(lv)景生態、花仙(xian)子(zi)、閩暉(hui)農(nong)業等(deng)龍頭企業種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植非(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)(ju),并帶(dai)動(dong)農(nong)戶種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植,目(mu)前已形成了(le)以嵩(song)溪、林畬、嵩(song)口(kou)、長(chang)校(xiao)等(deng)鄉鎮為(wei)核心的4000多畝(mu)非(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植基(ji)地。“非(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)耐粗放管(guan)理,投入成本低,適應性(xing)強(qiang),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植效(xiao)應高于烤煙、水稻(dao),為(wei)短、平、快項目(mu),因而清(qing)流(liu)許(xu)多農(nong)戶選擇改種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)非(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)。”黃學發說,“種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植非(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)每扎(zha)花只要賣(mai)到(dao)2元(yuan),就(jiu)可回收(shou)成本,而清(qing)流(liu)非(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)每扎(zha)全年均價在4元(yuan)左(zuo)右,2012年甚至(zhi)達到(dao)6元(yuan),去(qu)年年均畝(mu)產值2萬(wan)元(yuan)左(zuo)右,純利(li)潤1.3萬(wan)元(yuan)左(zuo)右,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植效(xiao)益(yi)不錯(cuo),農(nong)戶確(que)確(que)實(shi)實(shi)賺(zhuan)到(dao)了(le)錢,因此種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植積(ji)極性(xing)很高。”
清流(liu)非洲菊品種(zhong)多(duo)樣,有(you)‘紅(hong)韻(yun)’、‘大(da)雪菊’、‘太陽風暴(bao)’、‘玲瓏(long)’等,其中‘紅(hong)韻(yun)’種(zhong)植面積(ji)最大(da)。憑借價格(ge)優勢,陸續打開(kai)了華南、華中等地市場,并且(qie)在鞏固現有(you)廈門、福州、廣州、南昌、武漢等地。