一.產品介紹
沂蒙(meng)綠(lv)茶(cha)產于山(shan)東省臨沂市,俗稱沂蒙(meng)山(shan)區,屬暖(nuan)溫(wen)帶(dai)季風(feng)區大陸(lu)性氣候(hou)(hou),四季分(fen)明,氣候(hou)(hou)溫(wen)和(he),雨量充沛,光(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)充足,常年(nian)平(ping)均降水量800毫(hao)米左右,平(ping)均氣溫(wen)130C,年(nian)平(ping)均日照(zhao)(zhao)時數(shu)2400~2600小時,無霜期200多天,境內(nei)有眾多丘(qiu)陵(ling)、水庫。獨特的(de)地(di)理(li)位置、優良的(de)土壤質地(di)和(he)適宜的(de)氣候(hou)(hou)條(tiao)件,致使生產的(de)沂蒙(meng)綠(lv)茶(cha)具(ju)有“芽葉肥厚、栗香(xiang)高爽、滋味(wei)醇濃(nong)、極耐(nai)沖泡”等品質,飲譽中外。據測定,沂蒙(meng)綠(lv)茶(cha)中所含(han)氨基酸(suan)、茶(cha)多酚、水浸出物等指(zhi)標都(dou)較南方茶(cha)含(han)量高,是一(yi)種理(li)想(xiang)的(de)健康飲品。
二.自(zi)然生態環境
1、地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌:臨(lin)沂市地(di)(di)處(chu)魯中(zhong)南(nan)(nan)丘陵(ling)區(qu)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)部和魯東(dong)(dong)丘陵(ling)區(qu)南(nan)(nan)部。北部為(wei)山(shan)區(qu),南(nan)(nan)部為(wei)平原,整個(ge)地(di)(di)勢大致(zhi)呈(cheng)西(xi)北高而東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)低(di)。南(nan)(nan)部的平原為(wei)沂沭(shu)河沖積而成,又稱(cheng)臨(lin)郯蒼平原。這里海拔高度(du)一般(ban)在50米以(yi)上,有“山(shan)東(dong)(dong)小(xiao)江南(nan)(nan)”之稱(cheng)。沂山(shan)、魯山(shan)、蒙山(shan)、尼山(shan)四條主要(yao)山(shan)脈呈(cheng)西(xi)北-東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)走向,較大山(shan)頭100余座。山(shan)地(di)(di)丘陵(ling)約占(zhan)總面(mian)積的61%。
2、土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)特點:全(quan)市土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)1718992.74 公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(25784891.1畝(mu)),占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)省(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)10.93%。境內西部、北部為(wei)(wei)山(shan)區,東部為(wei)(wei)丘(qiu)陵區。中(zhong)南部為(wei)(wei)平原(yuan)。山(shan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)313855.00 公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(4707825.0畝(mu)),占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)市總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)18%;丘(qiu)陵為(wei)(wei)758812.00公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(11382180.0畝(mu))占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)市總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)44 %;平原(yuan)洼地(di) 46341.00 公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(96915115.0畝(mu)),占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)市總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)38%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類(lei)型可分為(wei)(wei):棕(zong)壤(rang)、褐土(tu)(tu)(tu)、 潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)、砂(sha)姜黑土(tu)(tu)(tu)、水(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)五(wu)類(lei),十一個亞類(lei)。其中(zhong),棕(zong)壤(rang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)615625.5公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(9234382.5畝(mu)),占(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)14.2%;褐土(tu)(tu)(tu)503586.70 公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(75535800.5畝(mu))占(zhan)(zhan)33.7%;潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)242955.30公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(3644329.5畝(mu),占(zhan)(zhan)16.3 %;砂(sha)姜土(tu)(tu)(tu)81217.80公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(1218267.0畝(mu)),占(zhan)(zhan)5.4%;水(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)51261.4公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(768921.0畝(mu)),占(zhan)(zhan) 3.4%。據2006年全(quan)市土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)普(pu)查測定棕(zong)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)的(de)有(you)(you)機質(zhi)含量平均1.1%、水(shui)解氮116.75mg/kg、有(you)(you)效磷47.4 mg/kg,速效鉀(jia)85.4 mg/kg,pH值6.5左右(you)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚,土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)疏(shu)松,保水(shui)保肥能(neng)力強,適合茶樹生長。
3、氣候特點(dian):臨沂市屬于典型的(de)暖溫(wen)帶大陸性(xing)季(ji)風(feng)氣候,冬季(ji)寒冷干(gan)燥(zao),夏季(ji)高溫(wen)多(duo)雨(yu)(yu)(yu),春季(ji)多(duo)風(feng)少雨(yu)(yu)(yu),秋季(ji)涼(liang)爽(shuang)晴朗,四季(ji)分(fen)明(ming)。極(ji)端(duan)(duan)最(zui)低氣溫(wen)-24、9℃,極(ji)端(duan)(duan)最(zui)高氣溫(wen)40℃。年(nian)平均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)為(wei)856. mm,降(jiang)水(shui)集中在5-8月(yue)(yue)份,占(zhan)全年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)的(de)71%;其季(ji)節分(fen)布是(shi)3-5月(yue)(yue)平均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)為(wei)121.2mm、占(zhan)14.1%,6-8月(yue)(yue)平均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)為(wei)545.2mm、占(zhan)63.6%,9-11月(yue)(yue)平均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)為(wei)151.0mm、占(zhan)17.6%,12-2月(yue)(yue)平均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)為(wei)39.4mm、占(zhan)4.6%,空(kong)氣相對濕度70%左右。光(guang)照資源(yuan)豐富(fu),日(ri)照時(shi)間長,光(guang)照充足(zu),有利于作物光(guang)合(he)作用,常年(nian)平均(jun)日(ri)照時(shi)數為(wei)2458.9小時(shi),占(zhan)全年(nian)可照時(shi)間的(de)55%。
4、水(shui)(shui)文情況:臨沂(yi)市境內(nei)水(shui)(shui)系發育呈脈狀分布,有沂(yi)河(he)(he)(he)、沭河(he)(he)(he)、中運河(he)(he)(he)、濱海(hai)四大水(shui)(shui)系,區域(yu)劃分屬淮河(he)(he)(he)流域(yu)。主要河(he)(he)(he)流為沂(yi)河(he)(he)(he)和(he)沭河(he)(he)(he),有較大支流1035條(tiao)(tiao),10公里(li)以(yi)上河(he)(he)(he)流300余條(tiao)(tiao)。境內(nei)水(shui)(shui)利設(she)施(shi)(shi)配套齊全,地下水(shui)(shui)源充足(zu),農田(tian)排(pai)灌設(she)施(shi)(shi)配套,水(shui)(shui)質清(qing)澈,無(wu)污(wu)染,達(da)到了旱能澆、澇能排(pai)。同(tong)時沂(yi)蒙(meng)綠茶(cha)種植區內(nei)無(wu)大型工廠,灌溉水(shui)(shui)均來自(zi)山泉水(shui)(shui),不受污(wu)染。無(wu)“三(san)廢”排(pai)放(fang)和(he)空氣污(wu)染,也沒有重金屬污(wu)染歷史。
三.地域范圍
沂(yi)(yi)(yi)蒙(meng)綠茶產于(yu)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)臨沂(yi)(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi),俗稱(cheng)(cheng)沂(yi)(yi)(yi)蒙(meng)山(shan)(shan)區(qu),山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)所轄地(di)級市(shi)(shi)(shi)。位于(yu)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)東(dong)南部,地(di)理坐標為:東(dong)經117°24′-119°11′、北緯34°22′-36°22′,素有“魯(lu)東(dong)南大(da)門”之稱(cheng)(cheng)。它東(dong)與(yu)日(ri)照市(shi)(shi)(shi)接壤,西(xi)連泰安、濟(ji)寧和棗莊三市(shi)(shi)(shi),南鄰(lin)江蘇省(sheng)連云港市(shi)(shi)(shi),北靠濰坊(fang)、淄博兩(liang)市(shi)(shi)(shi),為齊魯(lu)大(da)地(di)與(yu)江淮地(di)區(qu)交往的重要通道(dao)。臨沂(yi)(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)現轄3區(qu)(蘭(lan)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)、河東(dong)區(qu)、羅莊區(qu))9縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(費縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、平邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、蒼山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、郯城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、臨沭縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、莒南縣(xian)(xian)(xian),沂(yi)(yi)(yi)水縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、沂(yi)(yi)(yi)南縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、蒙(meng)陰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)),南北最(zui)大(da)距離228千米(mi)(mi),東(dong)西(xi)最(zui)大(da)距離161千米(mi)(mi),總面積(ji)17257、52平方千米(mi)(mi),是山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)17個地(di)級市(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)面積(ji)和人口最(zui)大(da)的市(shi)(shi)(shi)。
四.產品品質特性特征(zheng)
1、外在(zai)感官特征:(1)卷(juan)曲(qu)形(xing)(xing)茶(cha)外形(xing)(xing):條索卷(juan)曲(qu)、緊結、勻(yun)(yun)整(zheng);不同(tong)級(ji)別(bie)茶(cha)葉色(se)澤從(cong)翠(cui)綠到(dao)墨綠,但不得(de)枯黃(huang)(huang)、斷(duan)碎。內(nei)質:香氣高,從(cong)嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)栗香到(dao)純正;湯色(se)從(cong)嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)綠明(ming)亮(liang)(liang)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)綠明(ming)亮(liang)(liang),不渾濁;滋(zi)味濃醇、無異(yi)味;葉底從(cong)嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)綠明(ming)亮(liang)(liang)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)綠明(ming)亮(liang)(liang)。(2)扁(bian)形(xing)(xing)茶(cha)外形(xing)(xing):光扁(bian)平(ping)直,不同(tong)級(ji)別(bie)茶(cha)葉從(cong)光滑(hua)到(dao)扁(bian)平(ping);色(se)澤從(cong)嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)綠到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)綠,勻(yun)(yun)整(zheng)潔(jie)凈。內(nei)質:栗香濃郁,從(cong)嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)香到(dao)純正;滋(zi)味醇厚(hou),無異(yi)味;湯色(se)從(cong)嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)綠明(ming)亮(liang)(liang)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)綠明(ming)亮(liang)(liang);葉底從(cong)嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)綠明(ming)亮(liang)(liang)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)亮(liang)(liang)。(3)針形(xing)(xing)茶(cha)。外形(xing)(xing):扁(bian)平(ping)挺直,綠潤勻(yun)(yun)齊。內(nei)質:栗香高而持久,湯色(se)嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)綠清澈;滋(zi)味鮮(xian)醇爽口;葉底嫩(nen)(nen)(nen)綠明(ming)亮(liang)(liang)均勻(yun)(yun)。
2、內(nei)在品質指(zhi)標(biao):沂(yi)蒙(meng)(meng)綠茶(cha)(cha)(cha)具有葉(xie)片(pian)肥厚、香氣(qi)高、滋味鮮(xian)爽醇(chun)和、耐沖(chong)泡、湯(tang)色嫩綠明(ming)亮、并帶(dai)有獨特(te)的(de)板栗香等特(te)點(dian)。這(zhe)些特(te)點(dian)的(de)形成與其特(te)有的(de)鮮(xian)葉(xie)形態(tai)與內(nei)在營養成分是分不開的(de),具體指(zhi)標(biao)為(wei):水浸(jin)出(chu)物40-45%、氨(an)基(ji)酸4.0-4.5%、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)多酚(fen)28.0-32.0%、咖啡堿4.0-4.5%,而南(nan)方茶(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)水浸(jin)出(chu)物為(wei)38.9%、氨(an)基(ji)酸為(wei)2.39%、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)多酚(fen)為(wei)24.61%、咖啡堿為(wei)3.8%。由此(ci)(ci)可知,沂(yi)蒙(meng)(meng)綠茶(cha)(cha)(cha)中所(suo)含氨(an)基(ji)酸、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)多酚(fen)、水浸(jin)出(chu)物三(san)項指(zhi)標(biao)較南(nan)方茶(cha)(cha)(cha)含量分別高出(chu)155.2%、46.3%、21.9%,而且(qie)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)多酚(fen)與氨(an)基(ji)酸比值(zhi)小于10,為(wei)綠茶(cha)(cha)(cha)品質最佳比例,能使茶(cha)(cha)(cha)湯(tang)清香甘醇(chun),耐沖(chong)泡;同時由于沂(yi)蒙(meng)(meng)山區(qu)獨特(te)的(de)地理條件(jian),使沂(yi)蒙(meng)(meng)綠茶(cha)(cha)(cha)含豐富有益礦物質,因此(ci)(ci),沂(yi)蒙(meng)(meng)綠茶(cha)(cha)(cha)是一種理想(xiang)的(de)健康飲(yin)品。
3、安全要求:沂蒙綠茶必須達(da)到農業部“無公害食品(pin)茶葉”的衛生(sheng)指標(biao)。有《農產品(pin)質量安全法》第三(san)十三(san)條規定情(qing)形的不得上市銷(xiao)售(shou)。