《鳳還(huan)巢》為(wei)(wei)梅蘭芳根據清宮藏本(ben)《循環(huan)序》改編的京(jing)劇,原(yuan)名(ming)(ming)《陰陽樹》,又名(ming)(ming)《丑配》,于1929年(nian)在(zai)北京(jing)首演。此(ci)劇情節(jie)巧妙(miao)(miao),行(xing)當齊全,與清代傳奇劇本(ben)《風箏誤(wu)》有異曲同工之妙(miao)(miao)。雪娥的幾(ji)大段唱(chang)(chang)腔華麗別致、明(ming)快(kuai)跌宕、如訴(su)如歌,是梅派唱(chang)(chang)腔中廣(guang)為(wei)(wei)流傳的著名(ming)(ming)唱(chang)(chang)段。
明朝末年,侍郎程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)告老還(huan)鄉。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)生(sheng)有二女:大女程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁為(wei)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)所生(sheng),貌(mao)奇丑且行(xing)為(wei)舉止粗魯(lu);次女程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)為(wei)側室所生(sheng),美貌(mao)聰明,程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)愛之(zhi)如掌上明珠。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)與宗皇朱渙然(ran)(ran)游春,遇(yu)故友之(zhi)子穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居(ju)(ju)易(yi)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)喜穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居(ju)(ju)易(yi)翩翩少年,認為(wei)其前程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)看好(hao),欲(yu)與雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)擇婿,夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)卻欲(yu)將雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁許穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壽辰,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)來(lai)拜,留宿于書館(guan)(guan)。入夜(ye),夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)命(ming)己女雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁冒(mao)(mao)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)名(ming)去書館(guan)(guan)會穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見(jian)其貌(mao)丑無(wu)比,誤以(yi)(yi)為(wei)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)騙(pian)婚,連夜(ye)逃去,途中(zhong)遇(yu)到朱渙然(ran)(ran),朱贈(zeng)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)銀馬助(zhu)其逃跑(pao)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正憂(you)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)生(sheng)去向不(bu)(bu)(bu)明,適(shi)逢朝廷(ting)起用,只(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)奉(feng)旨離家(jia)出征。而垂涎雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)已(yi)久(jiu)的(de)皇族朱煥(huan)然(ran)(ran),得知穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)逃程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去,乘機冒(mao)(mao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)名(ming)來(lai)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)家(jia)迎娶(qu)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)。夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)信(xin)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)真(zhen),即以(yi)(yi)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁代(dai)嫁(jia)。洞房(fang)中(zhong),兩(liang)人(ren)(ren)發現全(quan)是冒(mao)(mao)名(ming)頂替,雖后悔莫及,卻有苦難言,只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)將錯就(jiu)錯。這時,地(di)方強(qiang)盜(dao)作亂,夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)去朱家(jia)避難,雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)因朱行(xing)為(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)端不(bu)(bu)(bu)肯(ken)隨夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)前往(wang)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)久(jiu),程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)平定(ding)賊寇,接雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)至軍中(zhong)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)也從(cong)軍在(zai)(zai)此(ci)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又重提婚姻,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)堅決拒婚:元帥(shuai)洪(hong)功及周監軍強(qiang)給主婚,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得已(yi)說明程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)女夤夜(ye)私入書館(guan)(guan)等(deng)情(qing)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)知穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)誤會,堅持完婚。洞房(fang)中(zhong),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見(jian)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)貌(mao)美,確非私入書房(fang)之(zhi)人(ren)(ren),不(bu)(bu)(bu)由大喜。雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)卻因穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)拒婚,委(wei)屈非常,在(zai)(zai)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)一再謝罪之(zhi)下,才轉(zhuan)悲為(wei)喜,終(zhong)諧伉儷(li)。朱渙然(ran)(ran)被劫,攜程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)妻、雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁來(lai)投,最終(zhong)一家(jia)團聚。
2022年(nian)8月,京劇《鳳(feng)還巢》參加2022年(nian)戲(xi)曲百(bai)戲(xi)(昆山)盛典全(quan)國(guo)戲(xi)曲領軍人才優秀劇目(mu)展演(yan)。
2019年(nian)10月2日,由文化(hua)(hua)和旅游部(bu)、北京市人民政府主(zhu)辦的2019中(zhong)國戲(xi)曲文化(hua)(hua)周2日在北京園(yuan)博園(yuan)開幕。梅派《鳳還巢》得到演出。
2021年(nian)12月14、15日(ri),上海(hai)京劇院的(de)《鳳(feng)還巢(chao)》將在(zai)湖(hu)南大劇院演(yan)出。