洪范(fan)池(chi)泉(quan)(quan),位(wei)于洪范(fan)池(chi)鎮(zhen)政府駐地(di)北院內龍祠前,泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)旱(han)澇如一,四季不(bu)涸。洪范(fan)池(chi)列(lie)久負(fu)盛名的(de)洪范(fan)九泉(quan)(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首,最為壯觀。《東阿縣志》載:"池(chi)在城南15里(li)群山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,突(tu)起(qi)一高(gao)阜,周圍咸(xian)巨(ju)壑,泉(quan)(quan)仰吐其上,甃石為池(chi)。"此(ci)處地(di)勢(shi)奇(qi)特(te),四周重巒疊(die)嶂,中間高(gao)地(di)突(tu)起(qi)。泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)涌(yong)溢(yi)而(er)出(chu),水(shui)面平穩如鏡,不(bu)顯趵(bao)突(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狀(zhuang),四季長流,水(shui)勢(shi)均衡。泉(quan)(quan)涌(yong)水(shui)量(liang)日均量(liang)在700立方米左右(you)。因泉(quan)(quan)建池(chi),泉(quan)(quan)池(chi)呈正方形,水(shui)深約(yue)6米。此(ci)泉(quan)(quan)獨(du)特(te)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)處,泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)不(bu)以(yi)(yi)旱(han)澇而(er)消長,不(bu)以(yi)(yi)冬(dong)夏而(er)變溫,水(shui)溫長年在17℃左右(you)。水(shui)質(zhi)優(you)良,內含(han)鍶、鋰、鍺、偏硅酸等(deng)20多(duo)種人體必需的(de)微量(liang)元素。
書院泉(quan)(quan),曾名東流泉(quan)(quan)。位(wei)于(yu)洪范(fan)池鎮天池山下書院村(cun)。泉(quan)(quan)水從村(cun)東天池山腳下的(de)巖石縫隙散溢流出(chu),匯入邊長約8米(mi)的(de)石砌方(fang)池。池中(zhong)水藻搖曳,清澈見底。該泉(quan)(quan)常年涌流,水極盛,是洪范(fan)池泉(quan)(quan)群(qun)中(zhong)涌水量最大的(de)一泉(quan)(quan),日(ri)涌水量達(da)1萬(wan)立方(fang)米(mi)。泉(quan)(quan)水從池南壁的(de)石雕龍口中(zhong)跌落至(zhi)一方(fang)形(xing)小(xiao)(xiao)池,再流入半(ban)圓形(xing)水池,隨之噴(pen)珠吐(tu)玉,沿小(xiao)(xiao)溪盤(pan)村(cun)繞戶(hu),穿(chuan)林潤木,匯入浪溪河。
扈(hu)(hu)泉(quan)(quan),北距(ju)洪范池(chi)1公(gong)里,在(zai)書院村以(yi)南扈(hu)(hu)山(shan)坳,因北臨古(gu)扈(hu)(hu)城遺址而得名。扈(hu)(hu)山(shan)坳在(zai)云翠山(shan)山(shan)陰,峭壁(bi)陡(dou)立。山(shan)坳西(xi)壁(bi)下端,天然溶(rong)洞幽深莫測,扈(hu)(hu)泉(quan)(quan)便從這洞中涌(yong)出(chu)。平時細水(shui)長流(liu),遇大(da)雨(yu)盛水(shui)時期,泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)從洞中由(you)下而上(shang)噴涌(yong)而出(chu),跌下山(shan)谷(gu),形成瀑布,觸巖(yan)抵石,聲(sheng)傳(chuan)數里。巖(yan)壁(bi)懸有古(gu)柏,石隙擠出(chu)青條。古(gu)人將此景(jing)(jing)稱作"扈(hu)(hu)泉(quan)(quan)涌(yong)碧(bi)",為東阿古(gu)八景(jing)(jing)之一,如(ru)今南壁(bi)懸崖上(shang),仍鐫刻著明朝(chao)巡(xun)撫(fu)都御史孟一脈書寫的"扈(hu)(hu)泉(quan)(quan)涌(yong)碧(bi)"四個(ge)朱紅大(da)字。
墨池(chi)(chi)泉(quan),在扈(hu)泉(quan)西北百余米處(chu)。泉(quan)池(chi)(chi)為邊長(chang)7米的石砌方池(chi)(chi),甚(shen)深,水色如墨,故名。取之又澄清透亮。此泉(quan)能隨朝夕及月(yue)缺、月(yue)圓有潮汐,傳說為東(dong)海海眼,堪稱奇觀。
狼(lang)(lang)泉,位于洪范池東5公里處,大寨(zhai)山東側。此泉因(yin)常有狼(lang)(lang)來飲水(shui),故(gu)名。泉水(shui)下游與其他八泉匯成河(he)流,因(yin)狼(lang)(lang)泉位于最上(shang)游,故(gu)名狼(lang)(lang)溪河(he),因(yin)此名不雅后演化為浪(lang)溪河(he)。此泉已修(xiu)入大寨(zhai)村(cun)水(shui)庫內。
白雁(yan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),在洪(hong)范池(chi)鎮白雁(yan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)村(cun)(cun)中,村(cun)(cun)以泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)得名(ming)。村(cun)(cun)北為龍(long)頭山,泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)即在山之(zhi)南坡。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)池(chi)東側原有(you)元(yuan)皇慶一(yi)(yi)年(1312年)《天平觀碑志》記(ji)載,漢王劉邦(bang)伐楚帶兵路過這里(li),天氣炎熱(re),士(shi)兵干渴難忍,四處尋水,忽見(jian)一(yi)(yi)群白雁(yan)從(cong)山下驚起,王曰必有(you)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。便令軍士(shi)察之(zhi),果然。人們便將此泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)稱為"白雁(yan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)"。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水頗佳,四季涌流(liu),日涌量850立方米左(zuo)右。村(cun)(cun)民(min)皆取此水飲用。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)池(chi)由巨(ju)塊(kuai)石砌岸,水呈碧綠,深不見(jian)底(di),水自(zi)池(chi)南壁石雕龍(long)頭口中瀉入一(yi)(yi)方形小(xiao)池(chi),爾后流(liu)入水渠,灌溉農田。
拔(ba)箭(jian)泉(quan)(quan),在(zai)洪范池(chi)(chi)鎮白(bai)雁(yan)(yan)(yan)泉(quan)(quan)村(cun)東(dong)首高地(di)上。相傳漢王(wang)劉邦(bang)帶兵喝過白(bai)雁(yan)(yan)(yan)泉(quan)(quan)的水后(hou),發現(xian)不(bu)遠的地(di)方(fang)也(ye)有(you)白(bai)雁(yan)(yan)(yan),于是便張(zhang)弓(gong)射(she)去。雁(yan)(yan)(yan)受驚飛走,箭(jian)卻(que)插在(zai)地(di)上。軍士(shi)將箭(jian)拔(ba)起,隨(sui)箭(jian)涌出(chu)一(yi)眼(yan)清泉(quan)(quan),故名(ming)"拔(ba)箭(jian)泉(quan)(quan)"。此泉(quan)(quan)水勢好,常年不(bu)涸,泉(quan)(quan)涌量與白(bai)雁(yan)(yan)(yan)泉(quan)(quan)相埒。泉(quan)(quan)池(chi)(chi)頗(po)大,呈正(zheng)方(fang)形(xing),邊(bian)長19米,深3米,石砌。池(chi)(chi)中砌一(yi)南(nan)(nan)北向石墻,將池(chi)(chi)一(yi)分(fen)(fen)為二(er),東(dong)池(chi)(chi)狹長而水深,西池(chi)(chi)面闊而水淺。池(chi)(chi)南(nan)(nan)壁分(fen)(fen)別(bie)留(liu)有(you)溢水口,盛(sheng)水季(ji)節,泉(quan)(quan)水經此瀉(xie)出(chu),沿河渠流(liu)進村(cun)莊(zhuang)和田間,興灌(guan)溉之(zhi)利。
丁泉(quan),位(wei)于洪范池(chi)(chi)鎮丁泉(quan)村東(dong)首,華(hua)蓋山(又(you)名韓寨)西(xi)側山腳下(xia),泉(quan)池(chi)(chi)長(chang)9米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬5米(mi)(mi)(mi),深3.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),以(yi)青石(shi)砌壘。水(shui)(shui)自巖縫涌(yong)出,匯為清池(chi)(chi),澄(cheng)澈明麗,再由大池(chi)(chi)西(xi)側石(shi)雕龍頭口中跌(die)入(ru)小(xiao)池(chi)(chi),常年不斷,日涌(yong)水(shui)(shui)量約1400立方米(mi)(mi)(mi)。水(shui)(shui)從(cong)溢(yi)水(shui)(shui)口泄下(xia),浪花四濺,沿(yan)街旁小(xiao)溪漫流(liu)。大池(chi)(chi)池(chi)(chi)岸四周,圍以(yi)0.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)高的石(shi)雕欄桿。池(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)極為澄(cheng)明,池(chi)(chi)底綠藻清晰可(ke)見(jian)。該泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)勢很好,久旱不涸,可(ke)供全村人飲用、洗浣。
長(chang)溝(gou)泉(quan)(quan),散(san)落在(zai)一條(tiao)長(chang)6.5公(gong)里的深溝(gou)中。這條(tiao)深溝(gou)起源(yuan)于洪范(fan)池(chi)(chi)鎮最南部南劉莊(zhuang)村(cun),經李山(shan)頭、任莊(zhuang)、陳莊(zhuang)、閆莊(zhuang)、張海,順勢(shi)蜿蜒北至洪范(fan)池(chi)(chi)匯泉(quan)(quan)水庫(ku)。因(yin)溝(gou)東西(xi)兩側皆系(xi)高山(shan),溝(gou)內隨處(chu)有(you)涓(juan)涓(juan)細流涌出(chu),故名長(chang)溝(gou)泉(quan)(quan)。
日(ri)月泉,位于洪范池鎮云翠(cui)山元代南(nan)天觀內。遺(yi)址北(bei)側有"回(hui)陽洞(dong)",又稱"長(chang)春洞(dong)"。洞(dong)口(kou)朝(chao)北(bei),洞(dong)內南(nan)壁下有一清泉,涓(juan)涓(juan)細流(liu),跌進一圓(yuan)形(xing)和一半圓(yuan)形(xing)池中,如同日(ri)月形(xing)狀,故名"日(ri)月泉"。泉水(shui)甘冽,常年(nian)不涸(he)。昔日(ri)觀內道士(shi),即(ji)于此泉汲水(shui)烹茶為飲。
天乳泉(quan),位于洪范(fan)池(chi)鎮大(da)寨(zhai)山(shan)上。山(shan)頂兩巖(yan)對峙,中間有石梁相連,稱"天門觀"。北巖(yan)的側面(mian)有巨石探出,似乳形(xing),石面(mian)中部凹進,內(nei)有山(shan)水滲(shen)出,滴滴下墜,故(gu)名天乳泉(quan)。
洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun),位于洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)鎮(zhen)浪溪河(he)(he)中上游右側,分布(bu)面積約9平方公里。著名(ming)的(de)(de)有洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)、書院泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、扈泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、墨池(chi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、狼泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、白雁泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、拔(ba)箭泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、丁泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、長溝(gou)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),稱為洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)九泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)水(shui)質甘洌清涼,含有鈣、氯、鉀(jia)、鈉、鎂等豐富(fu)的(de)(de)礦物(wu)質。用浪溪河(he)(he)水(shui)泡制的(de)(de)阿膠歷經千年(nian)不衰,譽為圣藥,馳(chi)名(ming)中外。在2004年(nian)4月揭曉的(de)(de)濟(ji)(ji)(ji)南新七十二(er)名(ming)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)評(ping)選(xuan)中,洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)被列(lie)為濟(ji)(ji)(ji)南市十大泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)之(zhi)一,洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)、書院泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(東(dong)流(liu)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan))、扈泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)以及位于云翠山上的(de)(de)日(ri)月泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)均在濟(ji)(ji)(ji)南市新七十二(er)名(ming)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)列(lie)。該泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)水(shui)涌量(liang)約占全縣(xian)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)涌量(liang)的(de)(de)3/4。
平(ping)陰縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內出(chu)露泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)較(jiao)多,泉(quan)(quan)在山區(qu)丘陵及山前地(di)(di)帶溝谷與(yu)坡腳(jiao)出(chu)露。在洪范池鎮(zhen)、舊縣(xian)(xian)鄉(xiang)等低(di)山丘陵區(qu),有較(jiao)大面積的(de)厚層石(shi)灰巖(yan)在出(chu)露地(di)(di)表(biao),風化(hua)嚴重,裂隙(xi)發育。該(gai)層石(shi)灰巖(yan)下伏(fu)紅色紙狀頁巖(yan),具有不透水(shui)(shui)性(xing),是良好的(de)隔水(shui)(shui)層,因此在厚層石(shi)灰巖(yan)裂隙(xi)巖(yan)溶中(zhong)流(liu)動(dong)的(de)地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui),沿裂隙(xi)涌出(chu),形(xing)成(cheng)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)。全縣(xian)(xian)共有30處泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)出(chu)露(包括舊縣(xian)(xian)鄉(xiang)5處泉(quan)(quan),1996年該(gai)鄉(xiang)整建制劃歸東平(ping)縣(xian)(xian))。在出(chu)露泉(quan)(quan)中(zhong),常年不涸的(de)有5處,書院(yuan)泉(quan)(quan)等17處泉(quan)(quan)在舊志中(zhong)有記載。泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)在地(di)(di)形(xing)分(fen)(fen)布上(shang),一般出(chu)露于山間(jian)谷地(di)(di),高程在海拔75米(mi)~110米(mi)之間(jian),多屬裂隙(xi)下降泉(quan)(quan)。上(shang)述泉(quan)(quan)群泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)一部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)為人畜飲用(yong),一部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)灌(guan)溉農田,其余大部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)形(xing)成(cheng)地(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)流(liu)入水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、河流(liu),部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)由水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、河流(liu)滲漏補給地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)。
洪(hong)范池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi),位于(yu)洪(hong)范池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)鎮政府駐(zhu)地西池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)村北院(yuan)內龍(long)祠前(qian),距平陰縣城32.5公里。池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)為(wei)明代(dai)所建,呈正方形,石(shi)砌,內徑(jing)7米,深6.3米,四周(zhou)建有(you)(you)回臺,池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)水(shui)清冽(lie)泓(hong)大。池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)周(zhou)有(you)(you)石(shi)欄護圍,上有(you)(you)雕(diao)刻(ke)精細的座獅(shi)望(wang)柱和花卉欄板(ban)。泉池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)南側外壁上,有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)青石(shi)雕(diao)刻(ke)的龍(long)頭,從池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)壁探出(chu)(chu),水(shui)從龍(long)嘴(zui)中涌出(chu)(chu),噴(pen)珠(zhu)泄(xie)玉,落入2米見方的石(shi)砌水(shui)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中。龍(long)頭正上方鐫有(you)(you)"龍(long)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)"二字(zi)。水(shui)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)兩側,各有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)尊石(shi)獅(shi)。泉水(shui)繞池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)周(zhou)流出(chu)(chu),與眾泉相匯為(wei)浪溪河,再入黃河。
"洪(hong)范(fan)"一名來自《尚(shang)書·洪(hong)范(fan)》篇,取洪(hong)水(shui)就(jiu)(jiu)范(fan)之意。洪(hong)范(fan)池(chi)又名"龍池(chi)"。據(ju)清道光十(shi)八年(nian)(1838年(nian))《重修洪(hong)范(fan)池(chi)碑(bei)記》載:"金(jin)完(wan)顏(yan)時,村人因禱雨(yu)輒應,建龍祠于池(chi)北,故(gu)又號龍池(chi)"。由此可見,金(jin)代或金(jin)代以(yi)前就(jiu)(jiu)已(yi)建成了洪(hong)范(fan)池(chi),距今至少也有(you)850多(duo)年(nian)的歷史。廟前有(you)古樹兩株,長勢(shi)旺盛。1980年(nian)定為縣級重點文物保護單位。
整個(ge)洪范池(chi)(chi)院(yuan)面積約(yue)有(you)(you)(you)2500平方米,院(yuan)內(nei)舊時頗具(ju)規(gui)模(mo),樓(lou)臺亭(ting)榭,清幽典雅,鳥語花香(xiang),秀麗(li)如畫。池(chi)(chi)北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)一拱(gong)形石(shi)橋,橫跨渠上,橋北(bei)為(wei)龍祠。龍祠西(xi)原有(you)(you)(you)孟姜閣樓(lou)2楹(ying)(ying)兩(liang)層,閣前(qian)有(you)(you)(you)玉女池(chi)(chi)。孟姜閣西(xi)原有(you)(you)(you)清知縣(xian)井其洵于(yu)雍正十三(san)年(1735年)設立(li)的(de)(de)義(yi)(yi)學(xue)。義(yi)(yi)學(xue)有(you)(you)(you)北(bei)房(fang)3楹(ying)(ying),由(you)東及西(xi)各(ge)配房(fang)3楹(ying)(ying),有(you)(you)(you)名師(shi)設教于(yu)此(ci)(ci)。道(dao)光(guang)九(jiu)年(1829年),知縣(xian)李賢書重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)義(yi)(yi)學(xue)4楹(ying)(ying),并書額名曰:"雨(yu)花堂(tang)"。后人稱曰"雨(yu)花義(yi)(yi)塾"。此(ci)(ci)前(qian)建(jian)八(ba)角亭(ting),亭(ting)勢挑檐(yan)如翼,亭(ting)前(qian)數竹生于(yu)一泓渠中。池(chi)(chi)前(qian)原有(you)(you)(you)神(shen)棚(peng),漫(man)脊3楹(ying)(ying)、兩(liang)來門(men)。門(men)南(nan)30米遙對(dui)戲樓(lou),與龍祠同建(jian)中軸。神(shen)棚(peng)左(zuo)右(you)有(you)(you)(you)東、西(xi)兩(liang)山門(men)。池(chi)(chi)東原有(you)(you)(you)3通石(shi)碑,為(wei)歷代重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)泉(quan)池(chi)(chi)所(suo)立(li)。石(shi)碑東原有(you)(you)(you)南(nan)屋(wu)(wu)5楹(ying)(ying),是招待四方游客(ke)的(de)(de)客(ke)廳。池(chi)(chi)東北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)道(dao)士內(nei)院(yuan)一區。院(yuan)內(nei)原有(you)(you)(you)堂(tang)屋(wu)(wu)5間,東屋(wu)(wu)5間,西(xi)屋(wu)(wu)3間。池(chi)(chi)上舊有(you)(you)(you)繞周(zhou)垣墻(qiang),由(you)山門(men)入池(chi)(chi)院(yuan),滿園肅然(ran),乃(nai)是柏、竹、廟、亭(ting)、池(chi)(chi)、義(yi)(yi)學(xue)、道(dao)院(yuan)渾然(ran)一體的(de)(de)勝景。
書(shu)院泉(quan)(quan),位于洪范池(chi)鎮天池(chi)山(shan)下書(shu)院村。明代中丞(cheng)劉隅曾臨(lin)泉(quan)(quan)建書(shu)院。書(shu)院依(yi)山(shan)抱水,風景(jing)如畫,歷來為(wei)文人(ren)名宦(huan)流連忘返之佳(jia)處(chu)。舊《東(dong)阿(a)縣志》收錄了大量古人(ren)吟誦(song)東(dong)流泉(quan)(quan)的詩作。明代太(tai)子少保、禮(li)部(bu)尚(shang)書(shu)兼(jian)東(dong)閣大學士于慎行留詩贊曰(yue):"風雷鳴丹谷,林亭依(yi)翠岑。一樽今日酒,千里故人(ren)心。樹動三(san)秋色,泉(quan)(quan)飛萬壑音。夜涼橫吹起,欲聽水龍吟。"
丁泉(quan),又名(ming)"丁蘭(lan)泉(quan)"。相傳此處為古代二十四孝之一的丁蘭(lan)故里,故而(er)得名(ming)。臨池(chi),昔(xi)日建(jian)有(you)廟宇,現(xian)存(cun)遺址。石(shi)欄北側嵌清乾隆七(qi)年(1742年)《重(zhong)修(xiu)丁泉(quan)池(chi)碑(bei)記(ji)(ji)》碑(bei)。碑(bei)載:"此池(chi)不知(zhi)浚自何代,元至正(zheng)年間已重(zhong)修(xiu)。"1958年為興水利,對泉(quan)池(chi)進行改建(jian),并勒(le)《改建(jian)丁泉(quan)水池(chi)碑(bei)記(ji)(ji)》石(shi)刻(ke)。