官話(hua)(hua)方(fang)言通行于長江(jiang)以北(bei)各省漢族地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)（除山(shan)西）；長江(jiang)下(xia)游鎮江(jiang)（除丹陽丹徒）、南(nan)京北(bei)部(bu)(bu)及(ji)皖南(nan)部(bu)(bu)分沿江(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)；湖(hu)北(bei)省除東(dong)南(nan)角(jiao)以外(wai)的全部(bu)(bu)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)；廣西省北(bei)部(bu)(bu)和湖(hu)南(nan)省西北(bei)角(jiao)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)；云(yun)南(nan)、四川、貴州三省少數民族區(qu)(qu)域以外(wai)的全部(bu)(bu)漢族地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)。此外(wai)，在非官話(hua)(hua)方(fang)言區(qu)(qu)中。還有少數由于歷(li)史原因而形成的官話(hua)(hua)方(fang)言島(dao)。如(ru)海南(nan)島(dao)崖縣(xian)、儋縣(xian)的“軍話(hua)(hua)”，福建南(nan)平城關的“土(tu)官話(hua)(hua)”，長樂洋嶼的“京都話(hua)(hua)”等。使用(yong)人口(kou) 7億以上。
漢(han)(han)族的(de)(de)先(xian)民開(kai)始時人(ren)(ren)數很(hen)少，使用的(de)(de)漢(han)(han)語也比較單純。后來(lai)由于(yu)社會的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，居(ju)民逐漸向四(si)周擴展，或者(zhe)集體向遠方遷(qian)移，或者(zhe)跟異族人(ren)(ren)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)接觸，漢(han)(han)語就逐漸地發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)分(fen)(fen)化，產生(sheng)了分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)不同地域上的(de)(de)方言。漢(han)(han)語方言分(fen)(fen)布區域遼闊，使用人(ren)(ren)口在(zai)9億以上。
官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)可細分(fen)為八種次方言：東北官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、北京官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、冀魯官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、膠遼官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、中原官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、蘭銀官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、江淮官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、西南官(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)。
東(dong)北(bei)(bei)官(guan)話(hua)主要分(fen)布于黑龍江、吉林絕大(da)部(bu)(bu)、遼寧(ning)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)地區(qu)、內蒙(meng)古東(dong)部(bu)(bu)和河北(bei)(bei)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)。東(dong)北(bei)(bei)官(guan)話(hua)具體(ti)可(ke)(ke)分(fen)為(wei)吉沈片(pian)、哈阜片(pian)、黑松片(pian)，每(mei)片(pian)又可(ke)(ke)分(fen)為(wei)幾小片(pian)。主要特(te)征是古入聲派入平、上、去。
北(bei)(bei)京(jing)官話又稱華北(bei)(bei)官話，主要分布(bu)于北(bei)(bei)京(jing)、河北(bei)(bei)北(bei)(bei)部和內蒙古(gu)中部，可分為(wei)京(jing)師、懷(huai)承、朝峰、石(shi)克四(si)片。使用人口約1500萬。三聲(sheng)四(si)調，古(gu)入聲(sheng)派(pai)入平(ping)、上、去聲(sheng)。
冀魯(lu)官(guan)話(hua)主(zhu)要分布(bu)于河北(bei)(bei)大部(bu)(bu)、天津(jin)、山東北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)和西北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)，以及北(bei)(bei)京(jing)市平(ping)谷區，山西廣靈(ling)縣(xian)，內蒙古寧城(cheng)縣(xian)，使用人(ren)口約(yue)9000余萬。冀魯(lu)官(guan)話(hua)是(shi)除(chu)東北(bei)(bei)官(guan)話(hua)外，與北(bei)(bei)京(jing)官(guan)話(hua)最(zui)為接近的官(guan)話(hua)。主(zhu)要特征是(shi)三聲四調，古入聲派(pai)入平(ping)、去聲。
膠遼(liao)官話主要分(fen)布(bu)于山東(dong)(dong)省(sheng)的膠東(dong)(dong)半島、遼(liao)寧省(sheng)的遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)半島和(he)鴨(ya)綠江下游地帶及江蘇省(sheng)的贛榆縣。歷史上在(zai)一些地區如黑龍(long)江省(sheng)還存在(zai)過膠遼(liao)官話的方言島，但漸(jian)漸(jian)都(dou)消失在(zai)周圍(wei)方言的“汪洋大(da)海”之中(zhong)了。膠遼(liao)官話內分(fen)登(deng)連片(pian)(pian)、青州(zhou)片(pian)(pian)（青萊片(pian)(pian)）和(he)蓋桓片(pian)(pian)（營通片(pian)(pian)）。主要特征是三(san)聲(sheng)三(san)調或四調，古入聲(sheng)派入平、上、去(qu)聲(sheng)。
中(zhong)原(yuan)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)分布(bu)以河南、陜西(xi)關(guan)中(zhong)、山(shan)東南部為中(zhong)心，覆及山(shan)東、河北、河南、山(shan)西(xi)、安徽(hui)、陜西(xi)、甘(gan)肅、寧夏(xia)、青海、新(xin)疆。根據1987版(ban)的(de)(de)(de)《中(zhong)國語言地(di)圖集》，一共(gong)分為鄭開、洛襄、兗菏、漯項、商阜、關(guan)中(zhong)、南魯、秦隴、隴中(zhong)、南疆等十片。代表方(fang)言為河南方(fang)言。中(zhong)原(yuan)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)古入(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)清音聲(sheng)(sheng)母和次濁聲(sheng)(sheng)母字今(jin)讀陰平(ping)(ping)(ping)，古全(quan)濁聲(sheng)(sheng)母字今(jin)讀陽平(ping)(ping)(ping)是(shi)中(zhong)原(yuan)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)主要特點。中(zhong)原(yuan)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)和冀魯官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)、膠遼官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)主要區(qu)別是(shi)古入(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)次濁聲(sheng)(sheng)母字今(jin)讀陰平(ping)(ping)(ping)。
蘭銀(yin)官話(hua)主要分布(bu)于甘肅（蘭州(zhou)及(ji)周邊、河西(xi)走廊）、寧夏（中(zhong)北(bei)部）、新疆（北(bei)疆）。分為四片(pian)：金城（蘭州(zhou)古(gu)(gu)稱）片(pian)、銀(yin)吳片(pian)、河西(xi)片(pian)、新疆北(bei)疆片(pian)。蘭銀(yin)官話(hua)分布(bu)區人(ren)口密(mi)度小(xiao)，使用(yong)人(ren)數在(zai)八個(ge)官話(hua)中(zhong)屬于較少(shao)的。在(zai)蘭銀(yin)官話(hua)中(zhong)古(gu)(gu)入聲(sheng)清音和次濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)母字今讀去聲(sheng)。
江(jiang)(jiang)淮官(guan)話(hua)分(fen)布(bu)于今江(jiang)(jiang)蘇和安徽的(de)大(da)部(bu)、湖北(bei)局部(bu)、江(jiang)(jiang)西部(bu)分(fen)地區等地，江(jiang)(jiang)淮官(guan)話(hua)使(shi)用人口大(da)約為(wei)7000萬，其中主(zhu)要分(fen)布(bu)于安徽省除蚌(bang)埠的(de)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)以(yi)北(bei)地區、鎮(zhen)江(jiang)(jiang)以(yi)西九江(jiang)(jiang)以(yi)東(dong)的(de)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)南岸沿江(jiang)(jiang)一帶。江(jiang)(jiang)淮官(guan)話(hua)自東(dong)向西分(fen)為(wei)通泰片(pian)、洪巢片(pian)、黃孝片(pian)。
西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)官(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)是(shi)流(liu)行于(yu)中國西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)四(si)川(chuan)、重慶、貴州、云南(nan)(nan)、湖(hu)北(bei)，以及鄰近(jin)的廣西(xi)(xi)(xi)壯族自(zi)治區北(bei)部(bu)(bu)、湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)、陜西(xi)(xi)(xi)省(sheng)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)、緬甸(dian)果(guo)敢(gan)的主(zhu)要語(yu)(yu)言，在(zai)老撾、越南(nan)(nan)等地(di)也(ye)有(you)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)華人使用。西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)官(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)在(zai)緬甸(dian)撣邦第一(yi)特區（果(guo)敢(gan)）具(ju)有(you)官(guan)(guan)方地(di)位，是(shi)僅有(you)的3個具(ju)有(you)官(guan)(guan)方地(di)位的漢語(yu)(yu)分(fen)支之(zhi)一(yi)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)官(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)的主(zhu)要特征(zheng)是(shi)古入聲不分(fen)化，整體(ti)保(bao)留或(huo)整體(ti)混入它調（陽平、陰平或(huo)去聲）。《中國語(yu)(yu)言地(di)圖集》中將(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)官(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)分(fen)為(wei)十二片，其(qi)通常也(ye)可按照地(di)域分(fen)為(wei)四(si)川(chuan)話(hua)(hua)、重慶話(hua)(hua)、貴州話(hua)(hua)、云南(nan)(nan)話(hua)(hua)、桂柳話(hua)(hua)、湖(hu)北(bei)話(hua)(hua)等。
①塞音(yin)和塞擦音(yin)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)大都(dou)有清(qing)(qing)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)送(song)(song)氣與清(qing)(qing)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不送(song)(song)氣之分，而(er)沒有清(qing)(qing)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與濁(zhuo)(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)對立，反映出清(qing)(qing)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)多(duo)而(er)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)少(shao)(shao)的(de)特點。古全(quan)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)字在現代官話方言(yan)各支系中幾(ji)乎都(dou)念(nian)為清(qing)(qing)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)字，很少(shao)(shao)例外。一(yi)般古全(quan)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)平聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)念(nian)送(song)(song)氣清(qing)(qing)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)，古全(quan)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)仄(ze)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)念(nian)不送(song)(song)氣清(qing)(qing)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)。不過(guo)值得一(yi)提(ti)的(de)是湘西(xi)(xi)一(yi)些西(xi)(xi)南官話保留(liu)了全(quan)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)音(yin)。
②韻母方面最突出的特點是(shi)輔音韻尾比較(jiao)少。
③聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)方(fang)(fang)面最(zui)突出的(de)(de)特點是調(diao)(diao)類的(de)(de)數目(mu)比(bi)較(jiao)少。除(chu)江(jiang)淮官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、西(xi)南(nan)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)岷江(jiang)小片(pian)、華北(bei)(bei)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)中河南(nan)黃河以(yi)北(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)區(qu)、西(xi)北(bei)(bei)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)中山(shan)西(xi)南(nan)端、陜西(xi)的(de)(de)陜北(bei)(bei)及內蒙古(gu)西(xi)部部分(fen)(fen)(fen)地(di)(di)區(qu)有入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)外(wai)，其余(yu)各(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)都(dou)(dou)沒(mei)有入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)。整(zheng)個官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)言(yan)區(qu)的(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)以(yi)4～5個為(wei)最(zui)多，尤以(yi)4個聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)最(zui)普遍，少于(yu)4個或(huo)(huo)多于(yu) 5個的(de)(de)都(dou)(dou)比(bi)較(jiao)少。古(gu)四(si)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中，平(ping)(ping)、上(shang)(shang)、去(qu)(qu)三(san)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)各(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)中的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)化、發展情況大(da)體相似，即：古(gu)平(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)字(zi)(zi)各(ge)(ge)(ge)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)都(dou)(dou)念為(wei)陰平(ping)(ping)，如(ru)(ru)包、周、基、夫(fu)、甘、尊(zun)、當、江(jiang)、光等(deng)(deng)；古(gu)平(ping)(ping)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)字(zi)(zi)各(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)都(dou)(dou)念為(wei)陽(yang)(yang)平(ping)(ping)，如(ru)(ru)爬(pa)、徒、鋤、奇、條、林、沉、群、同、紅等(deng)(deng)；古(gu)上(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)和次濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)字(zi)(zi)各(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)都(dou)(dou)念為(wei)上(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，如(ru)(ru)補、早、膽、粉、黨(dang)、井、榜(bang)、選、暖、染(ran)、老等(deng)(deng)；古(gu)上(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)字(zi)(zi)和古(gu)去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)多念去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，如(ru)(ru)古(gu)上(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)字(zi)(zi)部、父(fu)、道(dao)、憤、蕩和古(gu)去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)過、怕、步、帶、共、耀等(deng)(deng)。古(gu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)在(zai)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)言(yan)中的(de)(de)念法比(bi)較(jiao)復(fu)雜(za)，除(chu)江(jiang)淮官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)、西(xi)南(nan)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)岷江(jiang)小片(pian)及西(xi)北(bei)(bei)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)中山(shan)西(xi)、陜西(xi)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)地(di)(di)區(qu)、華北(bei)(bei)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)中黃河以(yi)北(bei)(bei)河南(nan)省部分(fen)(fen)(fen)地(di)(di)區(qu)保(bao)留(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)自(zi)成(cheng)調(diao)(diao)類外(wai)，其余(yu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)消(xiao)失的(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)，古(gu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)歸(gui)(gui)屬各(ge)(ge)(ge)不相同。大(da)致說(shuo)來，華北(bei)(bei)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)跟北(bei)(bei)京(jing)話(hua)(hua)(hua)一樣，入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)消(xiao)失后入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)的(de)(de)字(zi)(zi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)派平(ping)(ping)、上(shang)(shang)、去(qu)(qu)各(ge)(ge)(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，即所謂"入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)派三(san)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)":全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)歸(gui)(gui)陽(yang)(yang)平(ping)(ping)，次濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)歸(gui)(gui)去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，清聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)派到(dao)陰平(ping)(ping)、陽(yang)(yang)平(ping)(ping)、上(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)各(ge)(ge)(ge)調(diao)(diao)中去(qu)(qu)；少數地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)（如(ru)(ru)濟南(nan)、大(da)連(lian)）與(yu)北(bei)(bei)京(jing)略有不同：古(gu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)字(zi)(zi)或(huo)(huo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)歸(gui)(gui) 陰平(ping)(ping)（如(ru)(ru)濟南(nan)），或(huo)(huo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)歸(gui)(gui)上(shang)(shang)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)（如(ru)(ru)大(da)連(lian)）。西(xi)北(bei)(bei)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)沒(mei)有入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)古(gu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)字(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)派有兩(liang)種情況：或(huo)(huo)是古(gu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)歸(gui)(gui)陽(yang)(yang)平(ping)(ping)，其余(yu)歸(gui)(gui)陰平(ping)(ping)，如(ru)(ru)西(xi)安(an)；或(huo)(huo)是古(gu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)歸(gui)(gui)陽(yang)(yang)平(ping)(ping)，其余(yu)歸(gui)(gui)去(qu)(qu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，如(ru)(ru)蘭(lan)州。西(xi)南(nan)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)（除(chu)灌赤片(pian)和其他部分(fen)(fen)(fen)方(fang)(fang)言(yan)點外(wai)）古(gu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)派最(zui)為(wei)劃(hua)一：只要是古(gu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)，不論聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)是什么，一律(lv)念陽(yang)(yang)平(ping)(ping)調(diao)(diao)，幾乎沒(mei)有例(li)外(wai)。
官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)的(de)詞(ci)(ci)匯和(he)現(xian)代(dai)漢(han)民族共同語(yu)(yu)普(pu)通(tong)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)詞(ci)(ci)匯大(da)同小異(yi)(yi)。官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)中通(tong)行(xing)范圍(wei)比較(jiao)廣(guang)的(de)語(yu)(yu)詞(ci)(ci)，大(da)都(dou)已進入(ru)共同語(yu)(yu)，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)基本詞(ci)(ci)匯，沒(mei)能為(wei)(wei)(wei)共同語(yu)(yu)吸收的(de)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)詞(ci)(ci)，大(da)都(dou)只流行(xing)于某一個官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)片或(huo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)小片，南北(bei)(bei)各(ge)地(di)(di)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)在詞(ci)(ci)匯上的(de)差異(yi)(yi)，比官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)其他各(ge)大(da)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)差異(yi)(yi)小。但官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)通(tong)行(xing)范圍(wei)如(ru)此遼闊，有的(de)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)也有與(yu)眾不同的(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)詞(ci)(ci)語(yu)(yu)。例如(ru)北(bei)(bei)京(jing)土(tu)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)"二乎(hu)"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"猶疑"，"咋(za)呼(hu)"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"囂(xiao)張(zhang)"，"沖道"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"敢做敢說";天津(jin)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)"廣(guang)"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"打","老(lao)(lao)公(gong)"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"烏鴉"，"罷了"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"了不起"；西(xi)安(an)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)"瞎了"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"浪(lang)費"、"糟踏(ta)";山東(dong)聊城(cheng)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)"毀"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"打"；河南洛陽話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)"連連兒(er)(er)"意(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)"趕快"。新(xin)鄉(xiang)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)用(yong)"亂(luan)"表示"住(zhu)"，用(yong)"紅"表示"賣(mai)力(li)氣"；成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)、昆(kun)明等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)"聊天"說成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)"擺龍門陣"，武漢(han)、重(zhong)慶(qing)等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)"倒(dao)霉(mei)"說成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)"背時(shi)"，"可憐"說成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)"造孽"；……如(ru)此等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)，都(dou)各(ge)具一格。"太(tai)(tai)陽"一詞(ci)(ci)在官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)區有各(ge)種不同的(de)稱(cheng)呼(hu)：北(bei)(bei)京(jing)、保(bao)定稱(cheng)"老(lao)(lao)爺(ye)兒(er)(er)"(北(bei)(bei)京(jing)也稱(cheng)"太(tai)(tai)陽")，沈陽、西(xi)安(an)稱(cheng)"日頭"，太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)、呼(hu)和(he)浩特(te)(te)稱(cheng)"陽婆",合肥稱(cheng)"熱(re)頭",成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)、武漢(han)、昆(kun)明稱(cheng)"太(tai)(tai)陽";光是河北(bei)(bei)一省，對"太(tai)(tai)陽"的(de)稱(cheng)呼(hu)就有"老(lao)(lao)爺(ye)兒(er)(er)、爺(ye)爺(ye)兒(er)(er)、爺(ye)爺(ye)、日頭、日頭爺(ye)、日頭影兒(er)(er)、陽婆兒(er)(er)、陽婆、前天爺(ye)、佛爺(ye)兒(er)(er)"等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)，可見詞(ci)(ci)匯上的(de)分歧，即使是在官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)內部，仍然不容忽(hu)視。官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)的(de)詞(ci)(ci)匯跟(gen)其他方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)比較(jiao)，還顯示出以下一些特(te)(te)色(se)：
①雙音(yin)節(jie)詞(ci)特別占(zhan)優勢。雙音(yin)節(jie)詞(ci)在(zai)(zai)漢語中(zhong)是(shi)整(zheng)個詞(ci)匯里占(zhan)比重最(zui)大的一(yi)部分，在(zai)(zai)官(guan)話方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)表現(xian)得尤為(wei)突出，如許多在(zai)(zai)官(guan)話方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)加"子"而成(cheng)為(wei)雙音(yin)節(jie)詞(ci)的，在(zai)(zai)其他方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)往往是(shi)沒有"子"的單音(yin)節(jie)詞(ci)，如"稻子"在(zai)(zai)南方(fang)(fang)(fang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)或(huo)(huo)叫(jiao)"稻"（吳(wu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、閩(min)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)），或(huo)(huo)叫(jiao)"禾(he)"（客(ke)(ke)家方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、湘方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、贛方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、粵(yue)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）；"谷子"在(zai)(zai)南方(fang)(fang)(fang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)或(huo)(huo)叫(jiao)"谷"（吳(wu)、湘、贛、客(ke)(ke)家、粵(yue)等方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)），或(huo)(huo)叫(jiao)"粟(su)"（閩(min)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）；"相(xiang)片"一(yi)詞(ci)官(guan)話方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區各地大都叫(jiao)"相(xiang)片"或(huo)(huo)"相(xiang)片兒",而南方(fang)(fang)(fang)各方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，除客(ke)(ke)、贛方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)仍用雙音(yin)節(jie)"相(xiang)片"外，吳(wu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、粵(yue)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、閩(min)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)都是(shi)單音(yin)節(jie)詞(ci)，或(huo)(huo)叫(jiao)"照"(吳(wu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蘇州(zhou)話），或(huo)(huo)叫(jiao)"相(xiang)"（粵(yue)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、閩(min)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）。
②古代(dai)語(yu)詞(ci)保(bao)留(liu)得比較少。盡管(guan)每(mei)個(ge)漢(han)(han)語(yu)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)都(dou)繼承(cheng)了(le)不(bu)少古代(dai)漢(han)(han)語(yu)的(de)語(yu)詞(ci)，但是相(xiang)對而(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，官(guan)(guan)話(hua)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區各地(di)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)保(bao)留(liu)古語(yu)詞(ci)的(de)現象比較少。例如"眼睛"一詞(ci)，官(guan)(guan)話(hua)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區各地(di)大都(dou)說(shuo)"眼睛",而(er)閩(min)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)至今仍叫(jiao)"目",粵方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)仍叫(jiao)"眼"，保(bao)留(liu)了(le)古代(dai)漢(han)(han)語(yu)對這一人體器官(guan)(guan)的(de)名(ming)稱；又如"站立(li)(li)"一詞(ci)，除官(guan)(guan)話(hua)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區及湘(xiang)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)外(wai)，吳方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)叫(jiao)"立(li)(li)"，閩(min)、粵、客家(jia)、贛等方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)叫(jiao)"企"，都(dou)沿(yan)用(yong)了(le)古代(dai)漢(han)(han)語(yu)的(de)說(shuo)法；此外(wai)，還有一批(pi)極常(chang)見(jian)的(de)生(sheng)活用(yong)詞(ci)，南(nan)方(fang)各方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)保(bao)留(liu)了(le)古代(dai)的(de)說(shuo)法，而(er)官(guan)(guan)話(hua)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)則(ze)采用(yong)了(le)跟(gen)現代(dai)漢(han)(han)語(yu)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)話(hua)一致的(de)說(shuo)法。如"看"是官(guan)(guan)話(hua)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)普(pu)遍(bian)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)的(de)；而(er)粵方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、閩(min)方(fang)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)（部分地(di)區）卻(que)用(yong)古代(dai)的(de)語(yu)詞(ci)"睇(di)"。
③外(wai)(wai)來(lai)(lai)借詞(ci)比(bi)(bi)較少。和南(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)諸方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)比(bi)(bi)較，官話方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)外(wai)(wai)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)借詞(ci)比(bi)(bi)較少。南(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)閩、粵(yue)等地(di)向來(lai)(lai)為出(chu)(chu)海門(men)戶，與(yu)外(wai)(wai)國接觸多，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)較易(yi)借入(ru)外(wai)(wai)語(yu)(yu)(yu)語(yu)(yu)(yu)詞(ci)，如(ru)閩方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)借入(ru)不少印度(du)尼西亞(ya) -馬來(lai)(lai)語(yu)(yu)(yu)詞(ci)，粵(yue)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)借入(ru)不少英(ying)語(yu)(yu)(yu)語(yu)(yu)(yu)詞(ci)。有時候同一個事物，官話方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)與(yu)南(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)卻(que)采(cai)用(yong)不同的(de)(de)詞(ci)語(yu)(yu)(yu)來(lai)(lai)表達，顯示出(chu)(chu)"舶(bo)來(lai)(lai)"詞(ci)與(yu)"土產(chan)"詞(ci)的(de)(de)差別。例(li)如(ru)"水泥(ni)"一詞(ci)，粵(yue)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)區有人(ren)叫(jiao)(jiao)"士敏土",吳方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)叫(jiao)(jiao)"水門(men)汀"，都是英(ying)語(yu)(yu)(yu)cement的(de)(de)譯(yi)音(yin)；閩方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)叫(jiao)(jiao)"番(fan)家灰"、"紅毛灰"之類，也顯示出(chu)(chu)外(wai)(wai)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)色彩，而(er)官話方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)大(da)多數(shu)和共同語(yu)(yu)(yu)一樣用(yong)"水泥(ni)"(部分地(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)叫(jiao)(jiao)"洋灰")則(ze)是地(di)道的(de)(de)漢語(yu)(yu)(yu)語(yu)(yu)(yu)詞(ci)。又如(ru)照相用(yong)的(de)(de)"膠(jiao)卷(juan)(juan)",官話方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)各(ge)地(di)都叫(jiao)(jiao)"膠(jiao)卷(juan)(juan)"，而(er)粵(yue)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)、閩方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)、客(ke)家方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)(yan)卻(que)都采(cai)用(yong)英(ying)語(yu)(yu)(yu)film的(de)(de)譯(yi)音(yin)詞(ci)"菲林"。
④語(yu)氣詞比(bi)較(jiao)少(shao)，用法(fa)比(bi)較(jiao)概(gai)括(kuo)。和南方(fang)各方(fang)言比(bi)較(jiao)，官(guan)話(hua)方(fang)言的語(yu)氣詞比(bi)較(jiao)少(shao)，用法(fa)更加概(gai)括(kuo)，分工(gong)不那么細。例如常見(jian)的語(yu)氣詞"呢、嗎、啊"之類，官(guan)話(hua)方(fang)言跟共同語(yu)是一致(zhi)的，而南方(fang)吳(wu)、粵等(deng)方(fang)言的語(yu)氣詞則(ze)豐富得多(duo)。
語法(fa)方面 比較(jiao)突出的特點是：
①構詞(ci)方面，修(xiu)飾(shi)(shi)性的(de)詞(ci)素一般在(zai)前。如(ru)(ru)除西南官(guan)話偶有"雞(ji)公"、"雞(ji)母"一類(lei)說(shuo)法(fa)外，各地(di)官(guan)話大都是"公雞(ji)"、"母雞(ji)"、"客人(ren)"、"拖(tuo)鞋(xie)"等說(shuo)法(fa)，不象南方某些方言(yan)把修(xiu)飾(shi)(shi)性的(de)詞(ci)素加(jia)在(zai)后面。如(ru)(ru)"雞(ji)公"、 "人(ren)客"、"鞋(xie)拖(tuo)"（閩方言(yan)）之類(lei)。
②運用(yong)語(yu)(yu)音內部屈折變化表現語(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)意義(yi)(yi)的現象(xiang)比(bi)較少(shao)(shao)。除(chu)個別地方外，官(guan)話(hua)(hua)方言(yan)很少(shao)(shao)有語(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)學上所謂"構形法(fa)(fa)",即"狹義(yi)(yi)形態"的東西，粵方言(yan)、閩方言(yan)用(yong)變音的方式來表現某種語(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)意義(yi)(yi)的現象(xiang)在官(guan)話(hua)(hua)方言(yan)中很少(shao)(shao)見。
③結構助(zhu)詞(ci)(ci)"的(de)、地(di)(di)、得"的(de)運用。官話(hua)方(fang)言(yan)中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)少(shao)地(di)(di)方(fang)有(you)結構助(zhu)詞(ci)(ci)"的(de)、地(di)(di)、得"，用途各不(bu)(bu)相同(tong)。這幾(ji)個結構助(zhu)詞(ci)(ci)以北方(fang)官話(hua)用得最普遍，已進(jin)入共(gong)同(tong)語的(de)語法(fa)(fa)體系中(zhong)。在官話(hua)以外的(de)南方(fang)各大方(fang)言(yan)中(zhong)，卻很少(shao)見，就是有(you)類似的(de)結構助(zhu)詞(ci)(ci)，也不(bu)(bu)象官話(hua)方(fang)言(yan)那樣"的(de)、地(di)(di)、得"分工明(ming)確(que)，用法(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)混。
④重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)式(shi)的(de)運用(yong)(yong)范圍相(xiang)當廣。官(guan)話(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)式(shi)內容相(xiang)當豐富，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)范圍相(xiang)當廣泛。例如親(qin)屬(shu)稱呼，南(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)閩、粵、客家(jia)、吳等方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)一般(ban)都(dou)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)式(shi)，多用(yong)(yong)單音(yin)節(jie)詞(ci)素前加"阿(a)(a)"來稱呼，如"阿(a)(a)爸(ba)(ba)"、"阿(a)(a)弟"、"阿(a)(a)嫂"之類。而在官(guan)話(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)中，則普遍用(yong)(yong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)音(yin)節(jie)的(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)來稱呼人，如"哥(ge)哥(ge)"、"舅舅"、"爸(ba)(ba)爸(ba)(ba)"、"嫂嫂"、 "叔(shu)叔(shu)"之類。又(you)如某(mou)些常用(yong)(yong)的(de)名詞(ci)，在南(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)各方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)中是(shi)不(bu)能(neng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)的(de)，在官(guan)話(hua)(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)中卻(que)以重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)的(de)形式(shi)出(chu)現，如"星(xing)星(xing)"一詞(ci)。在西(xi)(xi)南(nan)官(guan)話(hua)(hua)、西(xi)(xi)北官(guan)話(hua)(hua)中，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)表示附加的(de)小(xiao)義。如成都(dou)話(hua)(hua)"盤盤"意(yi)為"盤兒","眼眼"意(yi)為"眼兒"。"豆豆"意(yi)為"豆兒",西(xi)(xi)安話(hua)(hua)"帽(mao)(mao)帽(mao)(mao)"意(yi)為"帽(mao)(mao)兒"。西(xi)(xi)北官(guan)話(hua)(hua)有(you)的(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)量(liang)詞(ci)和指示詞(ci)也(ye)可以重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)，如西(xi)(xi)安話(hua)(hua)度量(liang)詞(ci)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)表示計量(liang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)："這米不(bu)賣升(sheng)(sheng)升(sheng)(sheng)"(不(bu)按升(sheng)(sheng)賣）；指示詞(ci)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)表示所指的(de)具體位(wei)置(zhi)："你的(de)站(zhan)在這這等著"（你們(men)站(zhan)在這兒等著），這些重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)的(de)用(yong)(yong)法在南(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)各大方(fang)(fang)(fang)言(yan)中都(dou)是(shi)沒有(you)的(de)。
⑤量(liang)(liang)詞的(de)使用比較概括(kuo)。官話方言中(zhong)最(zui)常用的(de)量(liang)(liang)詞"個"用途很廣，可以用在(zai)(zai)許(xu)多事(shi)物(wu)上面，虛的(de)實的(de)，都能和" 個 "配搭。稱(cheng)人一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)(zai)官話方言中(zhong)用"個"和"位"（尊稱(cheng)），而(er)在(zai)(zai)其他各大方言中(zhong)，卻(que)用各種不同的(de)量(liang)(liang)詞，并(bing)往往在(zai)(zai)量(liang)(liang)詞的(de)選用中(zhong)體現出一(yi)定的(de)感(gan)情色彩和修辭風(feng)格。例如(ru)粵方言，既有(you)"這位先生"、"那個 同學"等(deng)合(he)乎(hu)規范的(de)叫法，而(er)在(zai)(zai)某(mou)些場合(he)， "呢條老(lao)坑"(這個老(lao)頭兒）等(deng)指人量(liang)(liang)詞的(de)獨特用法。
⑥官(guan)話方(fang)言中一(yi)個句子里可出現兩個"了(le)"字，前者表示動作、行為(wei)的完成(cheng)，后者作為(wei)句末(mo)的語氣詞。如："他吃了(le)飯了(le)"，這種(zhong)用法(fa)在(zai)南(nan)方(fang)各方(fang)言中比較少見。
⑦表(biao)示被動(dong)(dong)的(de)介(jie)詞比較多。在(zai)被動(dong)(dong)句里(li)，表(biao)被動(dong)(dong)的(de)詞在(zai)官話方言中(zhong)除了(le)(le)用"被"以外(wai)，還可以用"給(gei)"（他給(gei)人罵(ma)了(le)(le)）、"受"（小張受人欺(qi)負(fu)）、"讓(rang)"（老鼠讓(rang)貓(mao)逮(dai)住了(le)(le)）、"叫（教）"（我今天叫雨淋了(le)(le)一場）等。
⑧官(guan)(guan)話方(fang)言(yan)疑問句有兩類(lei)(lei)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)格式。一(yi)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)北方(fang)官(guan)(guan)話用的(de)，跟共(gong)(gong)同(tong)語(yu)一(yi)樣，有"是(shi)(shi)(shi)什么？""好嗎？""是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)？"等句式；另一(yi)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)北官(guan)(guan)話、西(xi)南官(guan)(guan)話（云南、貴州）及江淮官(guan)(guan)話用的(de)，跟共(gong)(gong)同(tong)語(yu)不(bu)一(yi)樣，有"ke（果）是(shi)(shi)(shi)？（或(huo)'可是(shi)(shi)(shi)'？）""ke（果）好？""是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)？"等句式。
