芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

血(xue)桃外表是(shi)暗紅(hong)色毛毛糙(cao)糙(cao)的(de)(de)沒(mei)什么(me)看頭(tou)。個(ge)頭(tou)也不大，頭(tou)有點尖尖的(de)(de)。可是(shi)一(yi)口(kou)咬開里頭(tou)的(de)(de)瓤(rang)是(shi)血(xue)絲般的(de)(de)紅(hong)，就(jiu)像身體上的(de)(de)紅(hong)色血(xue)管，一(yi)根根，連汁水都(dou)是(shi)血(xue)紅(hong)色。那么(me)的(de)(de)濃烈、沁入(ru)心脾(pi)。這種桃子叫做“血(xue)桃”。

形態特征

血(xue)桃(tao)為荔波血(xue)桃(tao)，色澤鮮(xian)(xian)艷、口(kou)感爽脆(cui)、果(guo)肉呈鮮(xian)(xian)紅(hong)色，品德上(shang)乘。紫(zi)血(xue)桃(tao)月15日(ri)成(cheng)熟，單果(guo)重250克(ke)，最大500克(ke)，果(guo)近圓(yuan)形，果(guo)面紫(zi)紅(hong)色，果(guo)肉鮮(xian)(xian)紅(hong)色，其汁如血(xue)，含糖14%，甜酸可口(kou)，風味(wei)精美(mei)，品德上(shang)等，較耐(nai)儲運，可自然貯存(cun)7-10天。不(bu)裂果(guo)，豐收性強。

營養價值

血(xue)(xue)桃的養(yang)分價值血(xue)(xue)桃有補益氣(qi)血(xue)(xue)，養(yang)陰(yin)生(sheng)津的作用(yong)，可用(yong)于大(da)病之后，氣(qi)血(xue)(xue)虧(kui)虛(xu)，面黃(huang)肌瘦(shou)，心悸氣(qi)短者；

血(xue)桃(tao)的(de)含(han)(han)鐵量較(jiao)高(gao)，是缺鐵性(xing)貧血(xue)病人(ren)的(de)理想幫助(zhu)食(shi)物；血(xue)桃(tao)含(han)(han)鉀多，含(han)(han)鈉(na)少，合適水腫病人(ren)食(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；血(xue)桃(tao)仁有活血(xue)化淤，潤腸(chang)通便作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)閉經跌打損(sun)傷(shang)等(deng)幫助(zhu)治(zhi)療；血(xue)桃(tao)仁提取物有抗(kang)凝血(xue)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，并能克制咳嗽(sou)中樞而止咳，同時能使血(xue)壓降落(luo)，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)血(xue)壓病人(ren)的(de)幫助(zhu)治(zhi)療。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

2.1 土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地貌(mao)情(qing)(qing)況熊背地處魯山(shan)(shan)(shan)西南部，位于(yu)伏(fu)牛山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)麓與(yu)平原交界地帶(dai)，地貌(mao)屬(shu)淺山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵到高山(shan)(shan)(shan)的過渡地帶(dai)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)川縱橫(heng)，以中山(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，海(hai)拔150-620米(mi)(mi)之(zhi)間(jian)，平均(jun)(jun)(jun)海(hai)拔200米(mi)(mi)。最(zui)高主(zhu)(zhu)峰是(shi)大(da)石垛(duo)，海(hai)拔620米(mi)(mi)，最(zui)低是(shi)龍泉寺瀼(rang)(rang)河河底，海(hai)拔150米(mi)(mi)，整體地勢西高東(dong)低。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型包括(kuo)石質土(tu)(tu)(tu)和粗(cu)骨土(tu)(tu)(tu)兩類，部分淺山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵地帶(dai)有(you)黃棕壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，據縣土(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)站測定土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)機質含量(liang)0.83%、全氮(dan)0.078%、有(you)效(xiao)磷(lin)25.98ppm、速效(xiao)鉀95ppm，pH值5.6-6.8，鐵含量(liang)47.83ppm，土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)通透性好，無污染源，非常適合血桃生長。 2.2 水(shui)文情(qing)(qing)況境內(nei)水(shui)資源豐富。熊背鄉屬(shu)魯山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣降(jiang)雨中心之(zhi)一(yi)，平均(jun)(jun)(jun)年降(jiang)雨量(liang)在(zai)950mm，全鄉有(you)主(zhu)(zhu)要河流2條，其中包括(kuo)瀼(rang)(rang)河、草店河，全長29公里，另有(you)石珂水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)、陰(yin)司溝水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)、響潭溝水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)、里溝水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)總(zong)儲水(shui)量(liang)64萬立方米(mi)(mi)。 2.3 氣(qi)候情(qing)(qing)況魯山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣熊背鄉屬(shu)暖溫帶(dai)大(da)陸性季(ji)風氣(qi)候，晝夜溫差(cha)較(jiao)大(da)，年平均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫14.8℃，光照(zhao)充足，年均(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數在(zai)2068小時(shi)左右，日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)率47%，無霜期為(wei)220天，適合于(yu)桃樹種植。冬季(ji)不甚冷，春季(ji)回溫快，6、7、8月份(fen)氣(qi)溫較(jiao)高，氣(qi)溫日(ri)(ri)較(jiao)差(cha)大(da)，有(you)利于(yu)干(gan)物質積(ji)累，果品品質優良。

三.地域范圍

“大年溝血(xue)桃(tao)”農產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志登記地域(yu)保護(hu)，魯山(shan)縣熊(xiong)(xiong)背鄉(xiang)大年溝、寶山(shan)、南(nan)子營、大麥王(wang)、草(cao)店(dian)(dian)、熊(xiong)(xiong)背、老廟莊、宿王(wang)店(dian)(dian)、黃土嶺、月(yue)明石(shi)、桃(tao)園溝、交口等12個(ge)行政村，地理(li)坐標(biao)為東經(jing)112°45′至(zhi)112°49′，北(bei)(bei)緯(wei)33°36′至(zhi)33°41′，東西(xi)寬5.8公(gong)里(li)，南(nan)北(bei)(bei)長9.8公(gong)里(li)，適宜血(xue)桃(tao)生產(chan)面積約3.5萬畝(mu)，產(chan)量52500噸。

四.產品品質特性特征

4.1 外在感官特征 “大年溝血(xue)桃”果(guo)形圓正，紅若(ruo)丹(dan)霞(xia)，果(guo)肉、果(guo)核容易分離，富含(han)深(shen)紅似血(xue)的果(guo)肉，食之綿軟(ruan)香甜，回(hui)味悠長。 4.2 內(nei)在品質指標據農業部(bu)農產品質量檢(jian)測檢(jian)驗鑒定中(zhong)心（鄭州）檢(jian)測：每100g “大年溝血(xue)桃”中(zhong)可溶性(xing)固形物含(han)量為(wei)11～13.5g；維生素C 7.24～7.41㎎；鉀169～190㎎；鈣6.32～7.45mg。

五.特定生產方式

3.1 園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇大(da)(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)溝(gou)(gou)血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)產地(di)應(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)護區內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)、粗(cu)骨土(tu)(tu)和(he)(he)河谷(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)由山(shan)體(ti)沖積而(er)(er)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃棕壤土(tu)(tu)，盡(jin)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)有(you)(you)(you)灌溉條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)、環境(jing)(jing)清(qing)潔(jie)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)污染源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)建園(yuan)(yuan)。產地(di)環境(jing)(jing)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)NY5013—2006 無(wu)(wu)(wu)公害(hai)(hai)(hai)食(shi)(shi)品(pin) 林果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)類(lei)產品(pin)產地(di)環境(jing)(jing)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。 3.2 苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木(mu)繁(fan)育 3.2.1 品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇大(da)(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)溝(gou)(gou)血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)是地(di)方(fang)傳統品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)正、無(wu)(wu)(wu)變異(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。 3.2.2 砧(zhen)(zhen)木(mu)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇應(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇當地(di)山(shan)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)野生(sheng)(sheng)毛桃(tao)(tao)(tao)做砧(zhen)(zhen)木(mu) 。野生(sheng)(sheng)毛桃(tao)(tao)(tao)根(gen)(gen)(gen)系發(fa)(fa)(fa)達，抗(kang)逆性(xing)強，抗(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)，親和(he)(he)力強，是繁(fan)育血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)砧(zhen)(zhen)木(mu)。 3.2.3 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 3.2.3.1播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)間大(da)(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)溝(gou)(gou)血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)以(yi)秋(qiu)季播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)春(chun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。秋(qiu)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)土(tu)(tu)地(di)結(jie)(jie)凍(dong)(dong)(dong)前(qian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，春(chun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)旬土(tu)(tu)壤解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)后(hou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。 3.2.3.2 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa) 秋(qiu)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)95％以(yi)上，發(fa)(fa)(fa)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)率在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)90％以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)浸泡(pao)2～3d，按寬行(xing)(xing)(xing)60㎝～80㎝，窄行(xing)(xing)(xing)20㎝～25㎝，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)間距15㎝播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，溝(gou)(gou)深(shen)4㎝～5㎝左(zuo)右，播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)覆(fu)土(tu)(tu)、耙(pa)平。春(chun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)要(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)100-120d，先將種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)浸泡(pao)2～3d，然(ran)后(hou)埋入含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)率12％～15％的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕沙中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)沙藏(zang)(zang)，沙藏(zang)(zang)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)2℃～7℃。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)同秋(qiu)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。 3.2.3.3 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang) 留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)0.7萬株(zhu)(zhu)／667m2左(zuo)右，播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)50㎏～60㎏／667㎡。 3.2.4 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)管理(li)(li)(li) 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)后(hou)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)土(tu)(tu)壤疏(shu)(shu)(shu)松(song)無(wu)(wu)(wu)雜草(cao)，結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)追(zhui)肥(fei)。施(shi)(shi)尿(niao)(niao)素(su)(su)6㎏～8㎏／667㎡。生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)季可(ke)(ke)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)噴(pen)(pen)藥(yao)(yao)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)葉面噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)300倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)尿(niao)(niao)素(su)(su)水(shui)(shui)(shui)溶液(ye)2～3次(ci)(ci)。 3.2.5嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie) 3.2.5.1 嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)方(fang)法(fa)(fa) 大(da)(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)溝(gou)(gou)血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)丁字(zi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)帶木(mu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)(bu) 芽(ya)(ya)(ya)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)法(fa)(fa)嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。 3.2.5.2 嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)時(shi)(shi)間一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)旬嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，芽(ya)(ya)(ya)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)和(he)(he)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian) 生(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。 3.2.5.3接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)穗(sui)(sui)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)純(chun)正，生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)健(jian)壯(zhuang)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豐產樹(shu)作采(cai)(cai)穗(sui)(sui)母株(zhu)(zhu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)母株(zhu)(zhu)上選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)已木(mu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)當年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)新梢(shao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)做接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)穗(sui)(sui)，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)(qu)葉片(pian)，留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)下(xia)葉柄，用(yong)(yong)濕布(bu)(bu)包好備用(yong)(yong)。 3.2.6 嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)后(hou)管理(li)(li)(li) 芽(ya)(ya)(ya)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)后(hou)7～10d檢(jian)查成(cheng)(cheng)活(huo)(huo)率，未成(cheng)(cheng)活(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)補接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)活(huo)(huo)后(hou)，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)砧(zhen)(zhen)除(chu)(chu)(chu)萌(meng)。芽(ya)(ya)(ya)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)和(he)(he)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)活(huo)(huo)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)于(yu)翌春(chun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)前(qian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)上方(fang)0.5㎝處剪(jian)(jian)(jian)砧(zhen)(zhen)，促其接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)萌(meng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)，砧(zhen)(zhen)木(mu)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)萌(meng)。剪(jian)(jian)(jian)砧(zhen)(zhen)后(hou)，追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)尿(niao)(niao)素(su)(su)15㎏～20㎏／667㎡，并及(ji)時(shi)(shi)澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)、松(song)土(tu)(tu)保(bao)墑(di)。8～9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)300倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)磷酸二(er)(er)氫鉀(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)溶液(ye)1～2次(ci)(ci)。并注意及(ji)時(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、螨(man)(man)類(lei)、潛葉蛾(e)、金龜子(zi)、白粉(fen)(fen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)等(deng)(deng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木(mu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)。 3.3 建園(yuan)(yuan) 3.3.1 園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)整(zheng)(zheng)理(li)(li)(li) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)護區內(nei)(nei)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇土(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚，土(tu)(tu)壤pH值6.0～7.0，排灌良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坡地(di)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)河谷(gu)平地(di)建園(yuan)(yuan)。丘陵坡地(di)應(ying)(ying)(ying)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平梯(ti)田整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)坑客土(tu)(tu)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)。 3.3.2 定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)(du) 栽(zai)植(zhi)根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)方(fang)式(shi)而(er)(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般自(zi)然(ran)開(kai)(kai)心(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)栽(zai)植(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)株(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)距3m×4m,每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)55株(zhu)(zhu)；Y字(zi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)栽(zai)植(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)3m×2m，每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)110株(zhu)(zhu)；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)型(xing)(xing)整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)栽(zai)植(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2m×1m，每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)330株(zhu)(zhu)。 3.4 整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian) 3.4.1 整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 3.4.1.1 自(zi)然(ran)開(kai)(kai)心(xin)(xin)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 干(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)50cm-60cm，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)上分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)錯落(luo)(luo)有(you)(you)(you)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)向不(bu)要(yao)正南；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角度(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)40o～70o；每(mei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配置2個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)～3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。呈順向排列，側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)張角度(du)(du)(du)(du)70o左(zuo)右。 3.4.1.2 Y字(zi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 干(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)40cm～50cm，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)2個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角度(du)(du)(du)(du)60o～90o，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上直接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)培養(yang)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。 3.4.1.3 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)170-200cm，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)基(ji)部(bu)(bu)60cm以(yi)上分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)25-30個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，不(bu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組. 3.4.2.1 冬(dong)季修剪(jian)(jian)(jian) 對(dui)于(yu)自(zi)然(ran)開(kai)(kai)心(xin)(xin)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)Y字(zi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 重點(dian)培養(yang)骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培養(yang)樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。對(dui)先端生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)強，角度(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)開(kai)(kai)張的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，要(yao)拉開(kai)(kai)角度(du)(du)(du)(du)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)直立(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、競爭(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，延長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甩(shuai)放不(bu)短裁(cai)。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)粗(cu)壯(zhuang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、直立(li)(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、密生(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)均勻留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)取帶有(you)(you)(you)花(hua)(hua)(hua)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)25-30個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)。 3.4.2.2 夏(xia)季修剪(jian)(jian)(jian) 生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)(li)落(luo)(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、枯(ku)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，抹除(chu)(chu)(chu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)頸和(he)(he)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)上無(wu)(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萌(meng)蘗，定(ding)(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)密生(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、竟爭(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、旺枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)枯(ku)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)摘心(xin)(xin)、扭梢(shao)、拉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、控制(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)延長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)內(nei)(nei)膛萌(meng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徒長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。　 3.5 肥(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li)(li)(li)　　 3.5.1 基(ji)肥(fei) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)后(hou)，結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)事清(qing)園(yuan)(yuan)深(shen)翻土(tu)(tu)壤施(shi)(shi)基(ji)肥(fei)，每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)(jia)肥(fei)30㎏。　　 3.5.2 追(zhui)肥(fei) 分(fen)(fen)三次(ci)(ci)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬開(kai)(kai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)1㎏；在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬，對(dui)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)，每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)0.4—0.6㎏；在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬至(zhi)下(xia)旬每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)鉀(jia)（硫(liu)酸鉀(jia)型(xing)(xing)）復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)0.5-0.8㎏。 3.5.3 葉面噴(pen)(pen)肥(fei) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)膨大(da)(da)(da)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)至(zhi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)前(qian)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)葉面肥(fei)鈣爾美、磷酸二(er)(er)氫鉀(jia)每(mei)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)10d噴(pen)(pen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)硬度(du)(du)(du)(du)、糖(tang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貯藏(zang)(zang)性(xing)能(neng)。 3.6 疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)較小，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)保(bao)證果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，必須進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，開(kai)(kai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)前(qian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)蕾，每(mei)節(jie)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)花(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾，其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)去(qu)(qu)。落(luo)(luo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)后(hou)15～30d內(nei)(nei)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、好果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)小果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、并生(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、無(wu)(wu)(wu)葉果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、朝(chao)天(tian)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)畸形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)占座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)50—60%；花(hua)(hua)(hua)后(hou)50d進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)第(di)二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)3～4個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)2～3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，短果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)1～2個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge) 果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。 3.7 樹(shu)間生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)抑(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)雜草(cao)和(he)(he)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)土(tu)(tu)壤有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量(liang)，要(yao)求行(xing)(xing)(xing)間種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)綠肥(fei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)白三葉草(cao)，樹(shu)盤內(nei)(nei)覆(fu)蓋作物秸桿(gan)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)薄膜。 3.8 病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 3.8.1主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)有(you)(you)(you)縮(suo)葉病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)，瘡痂病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)以(yi)及(ji)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、食(shi)(shi)心(xin)(xin)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，介殼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、紅蜘蛛等(deng)(deng)。 3.8.2 防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原則堅持(chi)(chi)“預防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，綜合(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)保(bao)方(fang)針，綜合(he)(he)(he)采(cai)(cai)取農(nong)(nong)業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、物理(li)(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，生(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)措施(shi)(shi)，盡(jin)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)少用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua) 學(xue)(xue)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)大(da)(da)(da)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)大(da)(da)(da)流行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)有(you)(you)(you)限制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 3.8.3 農(nong)(nong)業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 以(yi)對(dui)當地(di)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)抗(kang)性(xing)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)良(liang)砧(zhen)(zhen)建園(yuan)(yuan)；強化(hua)(hua)土(tu)(tu)肥(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li)(li)(li)，合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)，保(bao)持(chi)(chi)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通風(feng)透(tou)光條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)，合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)負(fu)載(zai)，保(bao)持(chi)(chi)健(jian)壯(zhuang)樹(shu)勢(shi)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)樹(shu)體(ti)抗(kang)性(xing)；冬(dong)春(chun)刮除(chu)(chu)(chu)老翹皮(pi)、腐(fu)爛(lan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)斑，徹底清(qing)園(yuan)(yuan)、減少病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)源；土(tu)(tu)壤接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)近封凍(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)(shi)深(shen)翻，凍(dong)(dong)(dong)死在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)土(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)越(yue)冬(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)；早春(chun)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)膜覆(fu)蓋，阻(zu)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)內(nei)(nei)越(yue)冬(dong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)出土(tu)(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)；晚秋(qiu)樹(shu)干(gan)綁草(cao)環，誘集(ji)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)藏(zang)(zang)身越(yue)冬(dong)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燒毀，減少病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)越(yue)冬(dong)基(ji)數。 3.8.4 物理(li)(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)物學(xue)(xue)特性(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)4、5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份采(cai)(cai)取糖(tang)醋液(ye)誘殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份以(yi)后(hou)采(cai)(cai)取黑光燈誘殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)頻振式(shi)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)燈、樹(shu)干(gan)掛豌豆秧、蓋防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)網等(deng)(deng)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)誘殺(sha)和(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.8.5 生(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 通過保(bao)護瓢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、小花(hua)(hua)(hua)蝽、草(cao)蛉、食(shi)(shi)蚜(ya)蠅、捕食(shi)(shi)螨(man)(man)等(deng)(deng)天(tian)敵，控制(zhi)(zhi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、葉螨(man)(man)、潛葉蛾(e)等(deng)(deng)自(zi)然(ran)天(tian)敵人工(gong)引移(yi)、繁(fan)殖(zhi)釋(shi)放害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)天(tian)敵（生(sheng)(sheng)物導彈等(deng)(deng)）；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)養(yang)雞或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)招引益(yi)鳥啄食(shi)(shi)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)(you)益(yi)微生(sheng)(sheng)物及(ji)其代謝物防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，如(ru)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性(xing)外激(ji)素(su)(su)誘殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.8.6 化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物學(xue)(xue)特性(xing)和(he)(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)特點(dian)，提(ti)倡使用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物源農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)、礦物源農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)（如(ru)石硫(liu)合(he)(he)(he)劑(ji)和(he)(he)硫(liu)懸浮劑(ji)），禁止使用(yong)(yong)劇毒(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)毒(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)殘(can)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)和(he)(he)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畸、致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)癌、致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)突變農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。使用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)時(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)格按照(zhao)《GB/T 8321 （所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)）農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)使用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求執行(xing)(xing)(xing)。 3.8.7 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 3.8.7.1 桃(tao)(tao)(tao)瘡痂病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing) 從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)前(qian)，用(yong)(yong)50%多(duo)菌(jun)靈(ling)(ling)可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)間隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d. 3.8.7.2 桃(tao)(tao)(tao)縮(suo)葉病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing) 從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)始用(yong)(yong)1.5%多(duo)抗(kang)霉素(su)(su)可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)300倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)間隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)70%甲基(ji)托布(bu)(bu)津可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)100倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)間隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)30d。 3.8.7.3 桃(tao)(tao)(tao)蚜(ya) 從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)袋前(qian)，用(yong)(yong)0.36%苦參堿水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)1000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)～2000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)間隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。10％吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)，安全(quan)(quan)間隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)25d。 3.8.7.4 葉螨(man)(man) 從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)前(qian)，用(yong)(yong)0.9%或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)螨(man)(man)克水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)5000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%阿維菌(jun)素(su)(su)5000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)間隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)14d。 3.8.7.5 蚧殼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong) 謝花(hua)(hua)(hua)后(hou)10d～15d，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)白蚧、朝(chao)鮮球堅蚧用(yong)(yong)10%吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉可(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安全(quan)(quan)間隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)0.2°Be～0.3°Be石硫(liu)合(he)(he)(he)劑(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，如(ru)嚴(yan)重發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)7d后(hou)再噴(pen)(pen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)旬桑白蚧若蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)孵(fu)化(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，可(ke)(ke)噴(pen)(pen)布(bu)(bu)撲(pu)虱靈(ling)(ling)、氯氰菊(ju)酯等(deng)(deng)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)劑(ji)，兼治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)鮮球堅蚧。 3.8.7.6 食(shi)(shi)心(xin)(xin)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong) 從(cong)(cong)落(luo)(luo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)開(kai)(kai)始至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)膨大(da)(da)(da)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)被害(hai)(hai)(hai)梢(shao)，同時(shi)(shi)噴(pen)(pen)布(bu)(bu)氯氰菊(ju)酯、溴氰菊(ju)酯防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 3.9 果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)和(he)(he)采(cai)(cai)后(hou)處理(li)(li)(li) 　　根(gen)(gen)(gen)據(ju)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)、用(yong)(yong)途和(he)(he)市場(chang)需求綜合(he)(he)(he)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)適期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。成(cheng)(cheng)熟期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)分(fen)(fen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)，輕(qing)拿輕(qing)放。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)后(hou)立(li)(li)即按要(yao)求進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)挑選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)、包裝(zhuang)，包裝(zhuang)物應(ying)(ying)(ying)清(qing)潔(jie)、牢固、無(wu)(wu)(wu)污染、無(wu)(wu)(wu)異(yi)(yi)味，包裝(zhuang)物應(ying)(ying)(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)國家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)關標(biao)準(zhun)和(he)(he)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)，編上標(biao)記，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)組織調運(yun)至(zhi)銷售市場(chang)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)貯存地(di)。

六.包裝標識相關規定

包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)主要采用箱(xiang)式包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)，包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)材料(liao)必(bi)須符合(he)國(guo)家(jia)強制性技(ji)術(shu)規范要求。產品有明(ming)確(que)(que)標(biao)簽，內容包(bao)(bao)括：產品名稱、商標(biao)、產品執行標(biao)準(zhun)、生產者及(ji)詳細地(di)址、凈含量及(ji)包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)日期，字跡清(qing)晰(xi)、完整、準(zhun)確(que)(que)。